The efficacy and safety of zolpidem and zopiclone to treat insomnia in Alzheimer's disease: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

No prior studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of zolpidem and zopiclone to treat insomnia of demented patients. This randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial used these drugs to treat patients with probable, late onset Alzheimer's dementia (AD) (DSM V and NINCDS-ADRDA criteria) exhibiting insomnia (DSM V criteria and nocturnal NPI scores ≥ 2). Actigraphic records were performed for 7 days at baseline and for 14 days during the treatment period in 62 patients aged 80.

Analysis of professional implication as a tool of permanent education in health.

Objective: analyze professional implication with the support of humanization and articulators of permanent education in health as a tool of Permanent Education in Health.

Method: this is an interventional study of qualitative approach, based on the theoretical reference of Institutional Analysis. Thirty-five humanization supporters and/or permanent education articulators participated in this study.

Effects of Caffeine on Behavioural and Cognitive Deficits in Rats.

There are many studies that have sought to find drug therapies to prevent harm arising from sepsis. Such studies have represented a progress in the support to septic patients and also in the development of new pharmacological alternatives. Our interest was to investigate the caffeine effect on sepsis behavioural and memory impairments.

Embracement as an analyzer of the relationships between professionals, managers and users.

OBJECTIVE Analyzing the relationships among professionals and between professionals with managers and users based on the user embracement analyzer. METHOD A qualitative study incorporating the theoretical-methodological reference of institutional analysis. The data were produced through focus groups and organized from transcription, transposition and reconstitution.

Hippocampal and cerebellar histological changes and their behavioural repercussions caused by brain ischaemic hypoxia experimentally induced by sodium nitrite.

Introduction: Brain ischaemic hypoxia can produce severe neurological damage that leads to behavioural disorders. This research analysed the hippocampal and cerebellar histological alterations caused by brain ischaemic hypoxia experimentally induced by sodium nitrite (NaNO) and possible direct repercussions of this hypoxia on behaviour.

Methodology: An experimental study was carried out by administering 60mg/kg NaNO to 10 Wistar rats at 3 months of age for 15 consecutive days.

[Managers' perspective on continuous health education in a region of São Paulo State].

Objective: Analysing the concepts of Continuous Health Education - CHE (EPS - in Portuguese), operated by municipal managers and translated into official documents.

Method: Qualitative research with the use of official documents and semi-structured interviews with the Municipal Health Secretaries or Coordinators of Primary Health Care in the Northeast Region of São Paulo State, and thematic analysis of empirical material.

Results: Results indicate difficulties in the municipalities problematizing their management practices, services and health care; EPS tools presented are insufficient and unsatisfactory for amending the array of problems raised and are still far from the routine of Primary Care services.

Role of nicotine on cognitive and behavioral deficits in sepsis-surviving rats.

Sepsis and its complications are important causes of mortality in intensive care units and sepsis survivors may present long-term cognitive and emotional impairments, including memory deficits and anxiety symptoms. In the present study, we investigated whether repeated nicotine administration can affect the behavioral changes in sepsis-surviving rats. Male Wistar rats were divided in two groups: sham-operated and experimental sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).

Ethanolic extract from bulbs of Cipura paludosa reduced long-lasting learning and memory deficits induced by prenatal methylmercury exposure in rats.

Previous studies from our group have indicated important biological properties of the ethanolic extract (EE) and isolated compounds from the bulbs of Cipura paludosa (Iridaceae), a native plant widely distributed in northern Brazil. In the present study, the effects of chronic treatment with the EE on the memory of adult rats exposed to methylmercury (MeHg) during early development were assessed. Pregnant rats were treated by gavage with a single dose of MeHg (8 mg/kg) on gestational day 15, the developmental stage critical for cortical neuron proliferation.

Anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) extract in rats: Influence of administration and gender.

Objective: To analyse the behavioral effects of Melissa officinalis extract in rats following acute or subacute treatment.

Materials And Methods: The behavioral effects of an acute or subacute (10-day course) orally administered M. officinalis (MO; 0, 30, 100 or 300 mg/kg) ethanol extract were evaluated in male and female Wistar rats in elevated plus-maze (EPM), forced swimming (FS) and open field (OF) tests.

Microbiological evaluation of reused catheter guides in a Brazilian hospital.

Within Brazilian hospitals, as well as in hospitals in other countries, the safety of reusing single-use medical devices is being questioned. At the same time, there has been a constant, growing increase in the number of such reprocessed products. In an attempt to evaluate such procedures, we analyzed 30 catheter guide units that were reused four times in patients at a public hospital of the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

Safety evaluation of single-use medical devices after submission to simulated reutilization cycles.

Pyrogenic and toxic reactions, especially in immunologically compromised patients, are among the risks associated with reuse of single-use medical devices (SUDs) with recurrent damaged surfaces. These drawbacks have raised serious doubts about the true benefits of the reprocessing practice. Taking into consideration prolonged patients' stay in hospitals due to adverse reactions provoked by recycled SUDs, the safety of these reprocessed materials was evaluated.