Clinical Trial With a Depigmented, Polymerized Mite Mixture Extract at Maximum Concentrations.

Background: Efficacy of allergen immunotherapy is dose-dependent; however, high doses of allergen may imply a greater risk of adverse reactions.

Objective: To assess the safety and tolerability of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) with mixtures of mite allergen extracts, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus/Blomia tropicalis (Dpt/Bt) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus/Lepidoglyphus destructor (Dpt/Ld) at maximum concentrations, in adult patients with allergic rhinitis or rhinoconjunctivitis, and controlled allergic asthma due to a clinically relevant sensitisation to these mites.

Methods: An open-label, noncontrolled, nonrandomised, phase IIb clinical trial was carried out in three hospitals in Spain between September 2014 and May 2018.

Depigmented, Polymerized Cat Epithelium Extract Is Safe and Improves Rhinitis and Asthma Symptoms in Cat-Allergic Patients: A Real-World Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Exposure to cat allergens is often difficult to avoid. Here, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of a depigmented, polymerized cat epithelium extract (Dpg-pol-cat) for the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma.

Methods: Real-world, retrospective study of patients ≥12 years of age with cat allergy and moderate to severe allergic rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis, with or without asthma, who started allergen immunotherapy (AIT) with Dpg-pol-cat extract during routine visits to the Allergy Department.

House dust mite subcutaneous immunotherapy has sustained long-term effectiveness on allergic rhinitis and asthma: A 10-year follow-up.

Background: Maintenance doses for allergen immunotherapy (AIT) have been recommended for at least 3 years but little data on long-term efficacy is available depending on AIT duration. To show sustained efficacy 10 years after completion of treatment with depigmented-polymerized house dust mite (dpg-pol HDM) allergen extract in adults with asthma and/or rhinoconjunctivitis.

Methods: Patients included in a double-blind placebo-controlled AIT study with dpg-pol HDM allergen extract were reviewed at completion of the perennial treatment and 10-year follow-up (10y-FU).

Effects of Exercise and Sleep Deprivation on Reaction Severity During Oral Peanut Challenge: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The severity of allergic reactions to foods can vary markedly. Little is known of variations in reaction severity within or between individuals or the effects of cofactors.

Objective: We examined the effects of sleep deprivation and exercise and repeat challenges on the severity and patterns of allergic reactions to peanut.

Safety and Effectiveness of a Single Multiallergen Subcutaneous Immunotherapy in Polyallergic Patients.

Background: As the number of allergic sensitizations increases the severity of allergic respiratory diseases worsens. Multiple monoallergen immunotherapy can be accompanied by poor treatment adherence and high costs, single multiallergen immunotherapy needs to prove efficacy whilst maintaining a good safety profile.

Methods: Observational, retrospective, multicenter study using a 2-pollen single undiluted multiallergen subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in routine clinical practice in Spain.

Delayed symptoms and orthostatic intolerance following peanut challenge.

Background: Clinical reactions to Oral Food Challenge (OFC) in peanut-allergic individuals have been well-characterised, but rates and phenotypes of symptom recurrence beyond the first hour after objective symptoms are less well-characterised.

Objective: To evaluate the rate of new-onset symptoms occurring at least 1 h after stopping OFC in peanut-allergic children and adults undergoing peanut-OFC.

Methods: We prospectively collected data relating to adverse events following positive reactions at double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFC) to peanut in children and adults evaluated for eligibility to participate in two clinical trials (NCT02149719, NCT02665793).

Cardiovascular changes during peanut-induced allergic reactions in human subjects.

Background: Food allergy is the most common cause of anaphylaxis. Changes in posture during acute reactions can trigger fatal outcomes, but the impact of allergic reactions on the cardiovascular system in nonfatal reactions remains poorly understood.

Objective: Our aim was to systematically evaluate changes in cardiovascular function during acute allergic reactions to peanut.

Circulating Ara h 6 as a marker of peanut protein absorption in tolerant and allergic humans following ingestion of peanut-containing foods.

Background: Bioaccessibility of food allergens may be a key determinant of allergic reactions.

Objective: To develop a protocol allowing the detection of the major peanut allergen, Ara h 6, in the bloodstream following ingestion of low amounts of peanut and to compare Ara h 6 bioaccessibility by food matrix. We further assessed for differences in absorption in healthy versus peanut-allergic volunteers.

Reaction phenotypes in IgE-mediated food allergy and anaphylaxis.

Objective: Food allergy encompasses a range of food hypersensitivities. Different clinical phenotypes for food allergy likely exist in much the same way as endotype discovery is now a major research theme in asthma. We discuss the emerging evidence for different reaction phenotypes (ie, symptoms experienced after allergen exposure in food allergic individuals) and their relevance for clinical practice.

Effect of sleep deprivation and exercise on reaction threshold in adults with peanut allergy: A randomized controlled study.

Background: Peanut allergy causes severe and fatal reactions. Current food allergen labeling does not address these risks adequately against the burden of restricting food choice for allergic patients because of limited data on thresholds of reactivity and the influence of everyday factors.

Objective: We estimated peanut threshold doses for a United Kingdom population with peanut allergy and examined the effect of sleep deprivation and exercise.

Mast cell activation test in the diagnosis of allergic disease and anaphylaxis.

Background: Food allergy is an increasing public health issue and the most common cause of life-threatening anaphylactic reactions. Conventional allergy tests assess for the presence of allergen-specific IgE, significantly overestimating the rate of true clinical allergy and resulting in overdiagnosis and adverse effect on health-related quality of life.

Objective: To undertake initial validation and assessment of a novel diagnostic tool, we used the mast cell activation test (MAT).

Epidemiology of Alcohol Abuse Among Spanish Immigrant Populations.

In recent years, the immigrant population has substantially increased in Spain. However, there is a lack of information in the knowledge of alcohol abuse among Spanish immigrants. We describe the epidemiology of alcohol abuse among foreign-born immigrants versus Spanish natives.

[Population-based studies on alcohol-related harm in Spain].

Based on the review of scientific papers and institutional reports on the subject and analysis of some secondary data, we assess the alcohol-related harm in Spain between 1990 and 2011. In 2011 they could be attributable to alcohol, 10% of the total mortality of the population aged 15-64, and about 30% of deaths due to traffic accidents. Among the population aged 15-64 years at least 0.

Who and how many of the potential users would be willing to pay the current or a lower price of the HIV self-test? The opinion of participants in a feasibility study of HIV self-testing in Spain.

Introduction: We estimate the proportion of participants willing to pay the US price (€30) or €20 for an HIV self-test and analyse their associated factors.

Methods: In a street-based testing program, 497 participants in a feasibility self-test study answered the question, "What would be the maximum price you would be willing to pay for a similar test to this one so you can use it at your convenience?"

Results: Only 17.9% would pay ≥€30, while 40.

Misregulation of suppressors of cytokine signaling in eosinophilic esophagitis.

Background: Several findings suggest that eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is strongly associated with atopy and allergen-driven, Th2-type immune responses, indicating the association of EoE with immune dysregulation. The objective of this study is to ascertain the molecular mechanism involved in EoE disease development a Th2 condition.

Methods: 25 patients with diagnosis of EoE and 17 non-EoE controls were recruited by the gastroenterology and allergy departments from three different hospitals.

Bioconversion of ovine scotta into lactic acid with pure and mixed cultures of lactic acid bacteria.

Scotta is the main by-product in the making of ricotta cheese. It is widely produced in southern Europe and particularly in Italy where it represents a serious environmental pollutant due to its high lactose content. With the aim of evaluating whether scotta bioconversion into lactic acid can be considered as an alternative to its disposal, besides providing it with an added value, here the growth, fermentative performances, and lactic acid productions of pure and mixed cultures of Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus helveticus, and Streptococcus thermophilus were evaluated on ovine scotta-based media, without and with the addition of nutritional supplements.

Comparison of bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine and adenosine and airway inflammation markers in patients with suspected asthma.

Background: Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is usually measured by bronchial challenge test with direct (e.g., methacholine) and indirect (e.