Climate change caused by global warming involves crucial plant growth factors such as atmospheric CO concentration, ambient temperature or water availability. These stressors usually co-occur, causing intricate alterations in plant physiology and development. This work focuses on how elevated atmospheric CO levels, together with the concomitant high temperature, would affect the physiology of a relevant crop, such as broccoli.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlobal warming is a challenge for plants and pathogens, involving profound changes in the physiology of both contenders to adapt to the new environmental conditions and to succeed in their interaction. Studies have been conducted on the behavior of oilseed rape plants and two races (1 and 4) of the bacterium pv. (Xcc) and their interaction to anticipate our response in the possible future climate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA rapid diagnosis of black rot in brassicas, a devastating disease caused by pv. (Xcc), would be desirable to avoid significant crop yield losses. The main aim of this work was to develop a method of detection of Xcc infection on broccoli leaves.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
September 2019
Photosynthesis is a pivotal process in plant physiology, and its regulation plays an important role in plant defense against biotic stress. Interactions with pathogens and pests often cause alterations in the metabolism of sugars and sink/source relationships. These changes can be part of the plant defense mechanisms to limit nutrient availability to the pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe cucurbit powdery mildew elicited by Podosphaera xanthii is one of the most important limiting factors in cucurbit production. Our knowledge of the genetic and molecular bases underlying the physiological processes governing this disease is very limited. We used RNA-sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes in leaves of Cucumis melo upon inoculation with P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe bacterium is responsible of important economic losses in crop yield worldwide. In melon leaves, produced multiple necrotic spots surrounded by a chlorotic halo, followed by necrosis of the whole infiltrated area and chlorosis in the surrounding tissues. The extent of these symptoms, as well as the day of appearance, was dose-dependent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) is a cucurbitaceous plant ranking high in economic importance among vegetable crops worldwide. Pathogen infections cause alterations in plants primary and secondary metabolism that lead to a significant decrease in crop quality and yield.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe negative impact of conventional farming on environment and human health make improvements on farming management mandatory. Imaging techniques are implemented in remote sensing for monitoring crop fields and plant phenotyping programs. The increasingly large size and complexity of the data obtained by these techniques, makes the implementation of powerful mathematical tools necessary in order to identify informative parameters and to apply them in precision agriculture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeveral imaging techniques have provided valuable tools to evaluate the impact of biotic stress on host plants. The use of these techniques enables the study of plant-pathogen interactions by analysing the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of foliar metabolism during pathogenesis. In this work we review the use of imaging techniques based on chlorophyll fluorescence, multicolour fluorescence and thermography for the study of virus, bacteria and fungi-infected plants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe necrotrophic bacteria Dickeya dadantii is the causal agent of soft-rot disease in a broad range of hosts. The model plant Nicotiana benthamiana, commonly used as experimental host for a very broad range of plant pathogens, is susceptible to infection by D. dadantii.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMany defense mechanisms contribute to the plant immune system against pathogens, involving the regulation of different processes of the primary and secondary metabolism. At the same time, pathogens have evolved mechanisms to hijack the plant defense in order to establish the infection and proliferate. Localization and timing of the host response are essential to understand defense mechanisms and resistance to pathogens (Rico et al.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMany techniques have been applied to understand viral cell-to-cell movement in host plants, but little progress has been made in understanding viral vascular transport mechanisms. We propose the use of chlorophyll fluorescence imaging techniques, not only to diagnose the viral infection, but also to follow the movement of the virus through the vascular system and its subsequent spread into the leaves. In Nicotiana benthamiana plants, imaging of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters such as Ф(PSII) and NPQ proved useful to follow infections with Pepper mild mottle virus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF60 years ago, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights laid the foundations for the right to the highest attainable standard of health. This right is central to the creation of equitable health systems. We identify some of the right-to health features of health systems, such as a comprehensive national health plan, and propose 72 indicators that reflect some of these features.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMulticolor fluorescence induced by UV light is a sensitive and specific tool that may be used to provide information about the primary and secondary metabolism of plants by monitoring signals of the chlorophyll fluorescence (Chl-F) and blue-green fluorescence (BGF), respectively. We have followed the systemic infection of Nicotiana benthamiana plants with the Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) by means of a multicolor fluorescence-imaging system, to detect differences between two strains of PMMoV during the infection process and to establish a correlation between the virulence and changes induced in the host plant. Changes in both BGF and Chl-F were monitored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChlorophyll fluorescence imaging has been used to analyse the response elicited in Phaseolus vulgaris after inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola 1448A (compatible interaction) and P. syringae pv.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfter infecting a susceptible host, pathogens spread throughout the plant. Depending on pathogen type and strain, the severity of symptoms varies greatly. In the case of pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) infection in Nicotiana benthamiana, newly developing leaves display visual symptoms (symptomatic leaves).
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