A hospital-associated outbreak of Legionnaires' disease caused by Legionella pneumophila serogroups 4 and 10 with a common genetic fingerprinting pattern.

An outbreak of eight cases of pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila non-serogroup 1 (non-sg 1) occurred at a Swedish university hospital in 1993. Including previous and subsequent sporadic cases, the total number of culture-positive patients was 13. Twelve available non-sg1 isolates from patients were compared to 50 environmental water isolates using a monoclonal antibody test for serogrouping and amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis (AFLP).

A hospital-associated outbreak of Legionnaires' disease caused by Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 is characterized by stable genetic fingerprinting but variable monoclonal antibody patterns.

An outbreak of 18 pneumonia cases caused by Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 occurred at a Swedish university hospital 1996 to 1999. Eight clinical isolates obtained by culture from the respiratory tract were compared to 20 environmental isolates from the hospital and to 21 epidemiologically unrelated isolates in Sweden, mostly from patients, by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis (AFLP), and monoclonal antibody (MAb) typing. All patients and most environmental isolates from the outbreak hospital belonged to the same genotypic cluster in both PFGE and AFLP.

Variation in the propensity to release endotoxin after cefuroxime exposure in different gram-negative bacteria: uniform and dose-dependent reduction by the addition of tobramycin.

An aminoglycoside in combination with a beta-lactam antibiotic is often recommended for the treatment of severe infections. The aim of the present study was to study whether cefuroxime-induced endotoxin release could be reduced by addition of tobramycin in different Gram-negative bacteria and how endotoxin release was affected by bacterial killing rate and number of killed bacteria. Three Escherichia coli strains, 1 Klebsiella, 1 Salmonella and 1 Neisseria strain were exposed in vitro to 2, 10 and 50 x minimum inhibitory concentration of cefuroxime, tobramycin or a combination of both.

The effect of mesenteric lymphadenectomy and Kupffer cell depletion on bacterial translocation.

Background: Infectious complications are associated with high morbidity in patients with short bowel syndrome and after small bowel transplantation. Bacterial translocation from the intestine is probably an essential factor in the genesis of these infections. In a model for bacterial translocation in the rat we examined the consequence of mesenteric lymphadenectomy and the depletion of Kupffer cells.