Enhanced Bone Healing in Critical-Sized Rabbit Femoral Defects: Impact of Helical and Alternate Scaffold Architectures.

This study investigates the effect of scaffold architecture on bone regeneration, focusing on 3D-printed polylactic acid-bioceramic calcium phosphate (PLA-bioCaP) composite scaffolds in rabbit femoral condyle critical defects. We explored two distinct scaffold designs to assess their influence on bone healing and scaffold performance. Structures with alternate (0°/90°) and helical (0°/45°/90°/135°/180°) laydown patterns were manufactured with a 3D printer using a fused deposition modeling technique.

Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles formulated with hyaluronic acid gels for application at the bone-implant interface: An animal study.

Background/objective: Platelet derived extracellular vesicles (pEV) are promising therapeutical tools for bone healing applications. In fact, several studies have already demonstrated the efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles (EV) in promoting bone regeneration and repair in various orthopedic models. Therefore, to evaluate the translational potential in this field, an study was performed.

Use of 3D-printed polylactic acid/bioceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering in preclinical in vivo studies: A systematic review.

3D-printed composite scaffolds have emerged as an alternative to deal with existing limitations when facing bone reconstruction. The aim of the study was to systematically review the feasibility of using PLA/bioceramic composite scaffolds manufactured by 3D-printing technologies as bone grafting materials in preclinical in vivo studies. Electronic databases were searched using specific search terms, and thirteen manuscripts were selected after screening.

Development of a new preclinical model to study early implant loss: a validation study in the beagle dog.

Objectives: To develop a new preclinical model to study early implant loss, where local infection conditions would impair the implant osseointegration.

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight smooth, 2.9-mm diameter experimental implants were placed in the mandible of 8 beagle dogs (3 in each side).

Antimicrobial Consumption in Latin American Countries: First Steps of a Long Road Ahead.

Background: Irrational antimicrobial consumption (AMC) became one of the main global health problems in recent decades.

Objective: In order to understand AMC in Latin-American Region, we performed the present research in 6 countries.

Methods: Antimicrobial consumption (J01, A07A, P01AB groups) was registered in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Paraguay, and Peru.

3D-printed titanium cages without bone graft outperform PEEK cages with autograft in an animal model.

Background Context: Modernization of 3D printing has allowed for the production of porous titanium interbody cages (3D-pTi) which purportedly optimize implant characteristics and increase osseointegration; however, this remains largely unstudied in vivo.

Purpose: To compare osseointegration of three-dimensional (3D) titanium cages without bone graft and Polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) interbody cages with autologous iliac crest bone graft (AICBG).

Study Design: Animal study utilizing an ovine in vivo model of lumbar fusion.

A randomized controlled preclinical trial on 3 interposal temporomandibular joint disc implants: TEMPOJIMS-Phase 2.

The effort to develop an effective and safe temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc substitute has been one of the mainstreams of tissue engineering. Biodegradable customized scaffolds could approach safety and effectiveness to regenerate a new autologous disc, rather than using non-biodegradable materials. However, it is still technically challenging to mimic the biomechanical properties of the native disc with biodegradable polymers.

Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate: Is There Any Scientific Evidence for Their Effectiveness as Disease-Modifying Drugs in Knee Osteoarthritis Preclinical Studies?-A Systematic Review from 2000 to 2021.

Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate have been proposed due to their physiological and functional benefits in the management of osteoarthritis in companion animals. However, the scientific evidence for their use is still controversial. The purpose of this review was to critically elucidate the efficacy of these nutraceutical therapies in delaying the progression of osteoarthritis, evaluating their impact on the synovial knee joint tissues and biochemical markers in preclinical studies by systematically reviewing the last two decades of peer-reviewed publications on experimental osteoarthritis.

Histomorphometric Quantitative Evaluation of Long-Term Risedronate Use in a Knee Osteoarthritis Rabbit Model.

Osteoarthritis (OA) treatment is a major orthopedic challenge given that there is no ideal drug capable to reverse or stop the progression of the OA. In that regard, bisphosphonates have been proposed as potential disease-modifying drugs due to their possible chondroprotective effect related to obtaining a greater subchondral bone quality. However, their effectiveness in OA is still controversial and additionally, there is little evidence focused on their long-term effect in preclinical studies.

Systematic Review and Quality Evaluation Using ARRIVE 2.0 Guidelines on Animal Models Used for Periosteal Distraction Osteogenesis.

The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize all the preclinical studies carried out in periosteal distraction osteogenesis (PDO) in order to evaluate the quality using the ARRIVE guidelines. The animal models used, and the influence of the complications, were analysed in order to establish the most appropriate models for this technique. The PRISMA statements have been followed.

Periodontal response to a tricalcium silicate material or resin composite placed in close contact to the supracrestal tissue attachment: a histomorphometric comparative study.

Objective: Subgingival dental restorations and periodontal health have been studied for many years; however, there is a low histological evidence on the behavior of new materials in the supracrestal tissue attachment. The aim of this study is to analyze the periodontal response when a tricalcium silicate material (TSM) or composite margin restorations is placed to 0.5 mm and 1.

Case Report: First Evidence of a Benign Bone Cyst in an Adult Teckel Dog Treated With Shark Teeth-Derived Bioapatites.

Bone cysts are a very rare orthopedic pathology in veterinary medicine, the general prevalence of which is unknown. A unicameral bone cyst was diagnosed in an adult female Teckel dog with a limp that was treated surgically by filling the defect with marine bioapatites. The treatment was effective and at 8 weeks the defect had remodeled 50.

Bisphosphonates as disease-modifying drugs in osteoarthritis preclinical studies: a systematic review from 2000 to 2020.

Bisphosphonates have been proposed as possible disease-modifying drugs in osteoarthritis. However, the evidence of their efficacy is poor and their outcomes presented a great heterogeneity. Therefore, the aim of this study is to systematically review the main effects of bisphosphonate use on synovial joint tissues and biochemical markers in preclinical studies over the past two decades (2000-2020).

Does the Animal Model Influence in Vertical Alveolar Distraction? A Systematic Review of the Literature.

This study is aimed at synthesizing all available evidence on vertical alveolar osteogenesis distraction (VAOD) in animal trials to determine whether the animal model used and its handling influence or not, and find which is the most appropriate animal model for this specific technique. This systematic review has been carried out following the PRISMA statements. Bibliographic sources have been consulted manually by two reviewers.

No Effect of Long-Term Risedronate Use on Cartilage and Subchondral Bone in an Experimental Rabbit Model of Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease in animals and humans. It is characterized by pain, articular cartilage damage and joint stiffness. It has been suggested that the status of the subchondral bone compartment plays an important role in the initiation and progression of OA.

Coating doxycycline on titanium-based implants: Two in vivo studies.

Regardless of the substantial progress in designing titanium-based dental implants and aseptic techniques, infection remains as the most common complication after implantation surgeries. Although, having a weakened immune system or systematic diseases is not seen as contraindicated for dental implants anymore, controlling the immune system is required to avoid surgical site infections after implantation. These patients have to control the surgical site infections by taking a high daily dose of oral antibiotics after dental implantation.

An elastin-like recombinamer-based bioactive hydrogel embedded with mesenchymal stromal cells as an injectable scaffold for osteochondral repair.

The aim of this study was to evaluate injectable, cross-linkable elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs) for osteochondral repair. Both the ELR-based hydrogel alone and the ELR-based hydrogel embedded with rabbit mesenchymal stromal cells (rMSCs) were tested for the regeneration of critical subchondral defects in 10 New Zealand rabbits. Thus, cylindrical osteochondral defects were filled with an aqueous solution of ELRs and the animals sacrificed at 4 months for histological and gross evaluation of features of biomaterial performance, including integration, cellular infiltration, surrounding matrix quality and the new matrix in the defects.

Rabbit as model for osteoporosis research.

Osteoporosis is a major public health problem affecting more than 200 million people worldwide. The use of different animal models, for the study of its pathophysiology and treatments, is important being actually the ovariectomized rat the most widely used; although this model has several problems due its small size, lack of true closure of epiphyseal plate and bone differences with humans. This review is aimed at summarizing the most common methods published for osteoporosis induction in rabbits as model for human disease with their advantages and disadvantages.

Evaluation of a new tricalcium phosphate for guided bone regeneration: an experimental study in the beagle dog.

This study compared the in vivo behavior of two biomaterials, xenograft (Bio-Oss) and alloplastic tricalcium phosphate (Sil-Oss), vs a control (no biomaterial) in beagle dogs treated with guided bone regeneration (GBR). Six male adult beagle dogs were included. The third and fourth mandibular premolars and first mandibular molars (3P3, 4P4 and 1M1) on both sides were extracted.

Evaluation of bone turnover markers and serum minerals variations for predicting fracture healing versus non-union processes in adult sheep as a model for orthopedic research.

Bone turnover markers (BTMs) have been considered as an auxiliary method of following the fracture healing process and for early prediction of impaired bone healing. A better understanding of the potential of BTMs in this application could allow for earlier interventions and improved patient care. The aim of this study with a large animal experimental model was to assess the variation of bone formation markers - namely the total alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and its bone-specific isoform (BALP), serum concentration of intact osteocalcin (OC), N-terminal propeptide type III procollagen (PIIINP) and of bone resorption markers - namely tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and deoxypyridinoline crosslink (DPD) during the first stages of a normal fracture healing process and of a segmental critical size defect (CSD), which progresses to a non-union process.

Melatonin: A Review of Its Potential Functions and Effects on Dental Diseases.

Melatonin is a hormone synthesised and secreted by the pineal gland and other organs. Its secretion, controlled by an endogenous circadian cycle, has been proven to exert immunological, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects that can be beneficial in the treatment of certain dental diseases. This article is aimed at carrying out a review of the literature published about the use of melatonin in the dental field and summarising its potential effects.

Effects of diacerein on cartilage and subchondral bone in early stages of osteoarthritis in a rabbit model.

Background: Osteoarthritis is thought to be the most prevalent chronic and disabling joint disease in animals and humans. At present, there is no ideal treatment option. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the treatment with oral diacerein on articular cartilage, synovial membrane and subchondral bone in an experimental rabbit model of osteoarthritis by micro-CT evaluation and histological analysis.

Bone turnover markers for early detection of fracture healing disturbances: A review of the scientific literature.

Imaging techniques are the standard method for assessment of fracture healing processes. However, these methods are perhaps not entirely reliable for early detection of complications, the most frequent of these being delayed union and non-union. A prompt diagnosis of such disorders could prevent prolonged patient distress and disability.

Comparison of various SYSADOA for the osteoarthritis treatment: an experimental study in rabbits.

Background: Osteoarthritis is thought to be the most prevalent chronic and disabling joint disease in animals and humans and its treatment is a major orthopaedic challenge because there is no ideal drug treatment to preserve joint structure and function, as well as to ameliorate the symptomatology of the disease. The aim of the present study was to assess, using histology, histomorphometry and micro-CT, the effects of the treatment with several drugs of the SYSADOA group and a bisphosphonate in a model of early osteoarthritis, comparing all the results obtained.

Methods: Osteoarthritis was surgically induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection and partial meniscectomy on one knee of 56 rabbits; treatment was started three weeks after surgery and lasted 8 weeks; at the end of this period, the animals were sacrificed.