Online interventions for the mental health and well-being of parents of children with additional needs: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Parents of children with additional needs experience compromised physical and mental health and higher stress, and their ability to engage in meaningful occupations is impacted by their additional caregiving tasks. Online interventions targeting mental health, stress, and well-being for parents of children with additional needs have potential to increase supports alongside occupational therapy direct services. The aims of this review are to systematically identify and synthesise evidence of effectiveness of online interventions aimed at improving mental health, stress, and well-being of parents of children with additional needs.

Health, Wellbeing and Empowerment E-workshops for Mothers of Children with Disabilities: A Non-randomised Comparison Study.

Mothers of children with disabilities can experience compromised health. Targeted interventions require investigation to determine effectiveness. Healthy Mothers Healthy Families (HMHF) is a health, wellbeing and empowerment program that addresses mothers need to protect, and or, recover their own health due to caregiving impacts.

Diet-Related Risk Factors for Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases in Italian Prisoners: B.A.C.I. (Benessere All'interno delle Carceri Italiane, Well-Being Inside the Italian Prisons) Project by the Italian Society of Penitentiary Medicine and Public Health (S.I.M.S.Pe. Società Italiana di Medicina e Sanità Penitenziaria).

Purpose Of Review: The review aims to present an overview of inmate health, focusing on lifestyle-related diseases, physical activity levels, and nutritional status. It also presents the B.A.

Feasibility of Health Promoting Activity Coaching for Mothers of Children With Disabilities: Pilot Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.

Importance: Mothers of children with disabilities experience health disparity. Interventions targeting maternal mental health need to be developed.

Objective: To determine the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of the Healthy Mothers Healthy Families-Health Promoting Activities Coaching (HMHF-HPAC) intervention for mothers to improve participation in healthy activities and mental health and to evaluate outcome measures.

Healthy Mothers Healthy Families, Health Promoting Activity Coaching for mothers of children with a disability: Exploring mothers' perspectives of programme feasibility.

Background: Health Promoting Activity Coaching, an intervention within the Healthy Mothers Healthy Families programme (HMHF-HPAC), was delivered by occupational therapists in a project that assessed feasibility of this new intervention. The HMHF-HPAC promotes the health and well-being of mothers of children with disabilities and is a six-session programme with website, workbook, and one-on-one coaching. Consumer experiences of this novel health-promoting intervention were sought to enable consumer-informed feedback for future modifications and improvements prior to further development.

Metabolic Alterations and Cardiovascular Outcomes of Cortisol Excess.

Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a severe chronic and systemic condition caused by endogenous or exogenous excess of glucocorticoids, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Patients with active CS suffer from many metabolic alterations, including visceral obesity, systemic arterial hypertension, impairment of glucose metabolism and dyslipidemia. Additionally, in these patients several cardiovascular abnormalities, i.

Cushing's disease: the burden of illness.

Cushing's syndrome is caused by prolonged exposure to elevated cortisol levels. The most common form of endogenous Cushing's syndrome is Cushing's disease, which results from an adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting pituitary tumour. Cushing's disease is associated with increased mortality, mostly attributable to cardiovascular complications, and a host of comorbidities such as metabolic and skeletal disorders, infections and neuropsychiatric disturbances.

The Treatment of Cushing's Disease.

Cushing's disease (CD), or pituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome, is a severe endocrine disease caused by a corticotroph pituitary tumor and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The first-line treatment for CD is pituitary surgery, which is followed by disease remission in around 78% and relapse in around 13% of patients during the 10-year period after surgery, so that nearly one third of patients experience in the long-term a failure of surgery and require an additional second-line treatment. Patients with persistent or recurrent CD require additional treatments, including pituitary radiotherapy, adrenal surgery, and/or medical therapy.

Neuropsychiatric disorders in Cushing's syndrome.

Endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS), a rare endocrine disorder characterized by cortisol hypersecretion, is associated with psychiatric and neurocognitive disorders. Major depression, mania, anxiety, and neurocognitive impairment are the most important clinical abnormalities. Moreover, patients most often complain of impairment in quality of life, interference with family life, social, and work performance.

The treatment with pasireotide in Cushing's disease: effects of long-term treatment on tumor mass in the experience of a single center.

Pasireotide is the first medical therapy officially approved for the treatment of adult patients with Cushing's disease (CD) who experienced a failure of pituitary surgery or are not candidates for surgery and require medical therapeutic intervention. The current study aimed at investigating the effects of long-term treatment with pasireotide (up to 24 months) on tumor mass in a group of patients with CD, participating to a phase III study. Fourteen CD patients entered the phase III clinical trial CSOM230B2305 at Naples Center, and eight (seven women, one man, aged 38.

Pituitary tumors and pregnancy: the interplay between a pathologic condition and a physiologic status.

Pregnancy is becoming a relatively common event in patients with pituitary tumors (PT), due to the increasing availability of medical treatments, which control pituitary diseases associated with the development of PT. However, the presence of PT and its treatment may be a disturbing factor for pregnancy, and pregnancy significantly influences the course and the management of PT. This review summarizes the knowledge about the management of PT during pregnancy and the occurrence of pregnancy in patients with pre-existent PT, focusing on secreting PT characterized by hormonal excess and on clinically non-functioning PT often associated to hormone deficiency, which configure the hypopituitaric syndrome.

Subclinical Cushing's syndrome.

The routine use of abdominal procedure has significantly increased the incidental finding of adrenal masses. The prevalence of these tumors, commonly defined as adrenal incidentalomas, ranges between 2-3% in autopsy and 4% in radiological series, reaching 5-8% in oncological studies and increasing with patients age. Although clinically silent, in 5-20% of cases, adrenal incidentalomas are responsible for a subtle cortisol overproduction, commonly defined as "subclinical Cushing's syndrome" (SCS).

Pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus in Cushing's syndrome.

Cushing's syndrome is commonly complicated with an impairment of glucose metabolism, which is often clinically manifested as diabetes mellitus. The development of diabetes mellitus in Cushing's syndrome is both a direct and indirect consequence of glucocorticoid excess. Indeed, glucocorticoid excess induces a stimulation of gluconeogenesis in the liver as well as an inhibition of insulin sensitivity both in the liver and in the skeletal muscles, which represent the most important sites responsible for glucose metabolism.

Cardiovascular disease in Cushing's syndrome: heart versus vasculature.

Cushing's syndrome (CS) causes metabolic abnormalities that determine an increased cardiovascular risk not only during the active phase of the disease but also for a long time after cure. Cardiovascular complications, such as premature atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and stroke, in patients with CS cause a mortality rate higher than that observed in a normal population. The increased cardiovascular risk is mainly due to metabolic complications, such as metabolic syndrome, but also to vascular and cardiac alterations such as atherosclerosis and cardiac structural and functional changes.

The kidney in acromegaly: renal structure and function in patients with acromegaly during active disease and 1 year after disease remission.

Background: The GH/insulin-like growth factor 1 axis is physiologically involved in the regulation of electrolytes and water homeostasis by kidneys, and influences glomerular filtration and tubular re-absorption processes. The aim of the study was to investigate renal structure and function in acromegalic patients during active disease and disease remission.

Patients: Thirty acromegalic patients (15 males and 15 females), aged 32-70 years, were enrolled for the study.

Discriminant validity of the Sensory Profile in Australian children with autism spectrum disorder.

Objective: The discriminant validity of the Sensory Profile was evaluated by comparing the sensory processing scores of Australian children, 5 to 8 years of age, diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to a control group of children with typical development matched for age and gender.

Method: Twenty-six parents of children with ASD and 26 parents of typically developing children without ASD completed the Sensory Profile. Sensory Profile category, factor, and quadrant scores were compared using multivariate analysis to investigate if there were differences between the two groups.

The medical treatment of Cushing's disease: effectiveness of chronic treatment with the dopamine agonist cabergoline in patients unsuccessfully treated by surgery.

Background: The role of dopamine agonists in the treatment of Cushing's disease (CD) has been previously debated.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of short-term (3 months) and long-term (12-24 months) treatment with cabergoline in patients with CD.

Patients And Methods: 20 patients with CD unsuccessfully treated by surgery entered the study.

Cushing's Syndrome.

Cushing's syndrome is a rare endocrine disease characterized by cortisol hypersecretion, induced mainly by a pituitary tumor (Cushing's disease) or, rarely, by an adrenal or an ectopic neuroendocine tumor. Cushing's syndrome is associated with severe morbidities and an increased mortality. The major systemic complications and the main cause of death are represented by cardiovascular disease.

Cushing's syndrome: aftermath of the cure.

Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a chronic and systemic disease caused by endogenous or exogenous hypercortisolism, associated with an increase of mortality rate due to the clinical consequences of glucocorticoid excess, especially cardiovascular diseases. After cure, usually obtained by the surgical removal of the tumor responsible for the disease, the normalization of cortisol secretion is not constantly followed by the recovery of the clinical complications developed during the active disease, and it is often followed by the development of novel clinical manifestations induced by the fall of cortisol levels. These evidences were mostly documented in patients with pituitary-dependent CS, after surgical resection of the pituitary tumor.

Effects of sex steroids on bone in women with subclinical or overt endogenous hypercortisolism.

Objective: Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is the most frequent cause of secondary osteoporosis. Nevertheless, limited data are available on bone status in patients with endogenous cortisol excess. This study is aimed at investigating the role of sex steroids and severity of hypercortisolism on bone mineral density (BMD) and prevalence of vertebral fractures in female patients.

Drug insight: Cabergoline and bromocriptine in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia in men and women.

Prolactinoma is the most frequent pituitary tumor histotype. Men generally have macroadenomas whereas women generally have microadenomas. The major objectives of treating prolactinomas are to suppress excessive hormone secretion and its clinical consequences, to remove the tumor mass while preserving the residual pituitary function, and possibly to prevent disease recurrence or progression.

Hypothyroidism down-regulates mitochondrial citrate carrier activity and expression in rat liver.

The effect of hypothyroidism on citrate carrier (CiC) activity has been investigated in rat-liver mitochondria. The rate of citrate transport was reduced by approximately 50% in mitochondria from hypothyroid as compared with euthyroid rats. In parallel, a decrease in the rate of de novo fatty acid synthesis was observed in the cytosol of the former animals.

Beginning to end: cardiovascular implications of growth hormone (GH) deficiency and GH therapy.

Both growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) are involved in heart development and in maintenance of cardiac structure and performance. Cardiovascular disease has been reported to reduce life expectancy in both GH deficiency (GHD) and GH excess. Patients with GHD suffer from a cluster of abnormalities associated with increased cardiovascular risk, including abnormal body composition, unfavorable lipid profile, increased fibrinogen and C-reactive protein levels, insulin resistance, early atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction, and impaired left ventricular (LV) performance (i.

Short-term stimulation of lipogenesis by 3,5-L-diiodothyronine in cultured rat hepatocytes.

Short-term effects of 3,5-l-diiodothyronine (T2) on lipid biosynthesis were studied in cultured hepatocytes from hypothyroid rats. A comparison with the effects of T3 was routinely carried out. After T2 addition to cell cultures, a distinct stimulation of fatty acid and cholesterol syntheses, measured as incorporation of [1-14C]acetate into these lipid fractions, was observed.