Quantitative Doppler in musculoskeletal ultrasonography - suboptimal performance of both experienced and in-training sonographers in selection of the highest Doppler signal image from cine-loops.

Aims: Doppler ultrasonography assessment is mandatory nowadays for the complete description of rheumatic disease activity. Initially it was performed in semi quantitative way but recently the (fully) quantitative assessment is gaining more interest. In quantitative assessment, the ratio between total colorized and total pixels (CTR) is computed for the whole image or just for the region of interest (ROI).

The use of light reflection rheography in diagnosing venous disease and arterial microcirculation.

The use of light reflection rheography (LRR) has reached an important level in the past few years. Using the originally construed and conceived RRL 001 device, we present the basic principles, the working technique and the limits of this method. We will use two magnetic amplifiers, one for the finger tip, which measures the capillary blood flow at this level and a venous magnetic amplifier which measures the blood flow in the venous plexuses at a 1-2 mm depth.