Weekly Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent Acute Respiratory Infections in Young Children at Different Latitudes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of weekly vitamin D supplementation in reducing the number of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in preschool children.

Study Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 303 children aged 1.5-3.

Fetal Hyperthyroidism Secondary to Maternal Basedow-Graves' Disease.

Fetal hyperthyroidism is a rare prenatal disease and can be life-threatening. The diagnosis is based on ultrasound in mothers with a history of Basedow-Graves' disease and elevation of thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAbs) levels. The treatment consists of antithyroid drugs.

[Seasonal variations in 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, parathormone and alkaline phosphatase in school-aged children].

Introduction: The main role of Vitamin D is to regulate calcium metabolism, whose main source is vitamin D3 ob tained mostly from the action of ultraviolet (UV) light on the skin.

Objective: To evaluate the seaso nal differences in the concentrations of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 (25OHVitD3), parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and calcium in school-age children.

Subjects And Method: The concentrations of 25OHVitD3, PTH, ALP, and calcium were measured in children from Santiago, Chile (latitude -33.

Urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio and plasma renin and aldosterone concentrations in normotensive children: implications for the interpretation of results.

Objectives: To identify associations among the plasma renin concentration (PRC), plasma aldosterone and urinary sodium (Na)/potassium (K) ratio, and to integrate these variables into a nomogram with the aim of estimating the expected versus observed aldosterone concentration.

Methods: We studied 40 healthy normotensive children (5-8 years old, 57.5% girls) who were born at term and were adequate for their gestational age.

Mutations in MAGEL2 and L1CAM Are Associated With Congenital Hypopituitarism and Arthrogryposis.

Context: Congenital hypopituitarism (CH) is rarely observed in combination with severe joint contractures (arthrogryposis). Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SHFYNG) phenotypically overlaps with Prader-Willi syndrome, with patients also manifesting arthrogryposis. L1 syndrome, a group of X-linked disorders that include hydrocephalus and lower limb spasticity, also rarely presents with arthrogryposis.

ALS deficiency caused by an exon 2 deletion and a novel missense variant in the gene encoding ALS.

Context: ALS deficiency (ACLSD), caused by mutations in IGFALS, is characterized by a mild short stature, low concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3, and a normal growth hormone (GH) stimulation test response. To our knowledge, no larger deletions have been reported.

Case Description: A 17-year-old adolescent male was evaluated due to delayed puberty and short stature.