Importance: Anakinra, an interleukin 1β recombinant receptor antagonist, may have potential to treat colchicine-resistant and corticosteroid-dependent recurrent pericarditis.
Objective: To determine the efficacy of anakinra for colchicine-resistant and corticosteroid-dependent recurrent pericarditis.
Design, Setting, And Participants: The Anakinra-Treatment of Recurrent Idiopathic Pericarditis (AIRTRIP) double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized withdrawal trial (open label with anakinra followed by a double-blind withdrawal step with anakinra or placebo until recurrent pericarditis occurred) conducted among 21 consecutive patients enrolled at 3 Italian referral centers between June and November 2014 (end of follow-up, October 2015).
Background: We hypothesized that without the analgesic effects of volatile anesthetics, caudal 0.20% ropivacaine would be less effective during surgical stimulation than 0.20% bupivacaine or 0.
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