Urate synthesis and oxidative stress in phenytoin hepatotoxicity: the role of antioxidant vitamins.

Phenytoin is known to induce microsomal enzymes including xanthine oxidase which catalyzes uric acid synthesis with superoxides as byproducts, thus contributing to the oxidative stress of phenytoin hepatotoxicity. To investigate the role of antioxidant vitamins in ameliorating phenytoin induced hepatic changes through possible actions on xanthine oxidase activities as measured by urate concentration. Growing albino rats of Wistar strain were randomly divided into 8 groups of 7 rats each.

Acute toxicity, biochemical and haematological study of Aframomum melegueta seed oil in male Wistar albino rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Aframomum melegueta is a popular medicinal plant in Nigeria believed to have many agents acting in different ways to bring about human health benefits. This study aimed to determine the acute toxicity, identify some phytochemicals known to be present in this plant and the possible effects on lipid profile, haematological indices and biomarker of prostate and cardiac dysfunction.

Materials And Methods: Twenty four Wistar rats (284-326 g) were used in four groups of six animals.

Evaluation of calabash chalk effect on femur bone morphometry and mineralization in young wistar rats: A pilot study.

Background: Calabash chalk, a popularly consumed geophagic material in Nigeria has been reported to contain lead, arsenic, alpha lindane, endrin, and endosulfan 11 among other pollutants.

Aim: The continuous exposure of young children to this chalk necessitated this study on the bone morphometry and mineralization in young Wistar rats.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen young (weanling) Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 54-72 g were assigned into two groups of seven animals each.

Effect of folic acid and vitamin B(12) administration on phenytoin induced toxicity in rats.

Folic acid and vitamin B(12) are very important vitamins needed for normal cellular metabolic activities. The effects of folic acid and vitamin B(12) on liver integrity of growing Wistar albino rats following therapeutic dose of phenytoin administration were investigated. The activities of serum AST, ALT, ALP were investigated.