Isolation, characterization, and application of a novel polyvalent lytic phage STWB21 against typhoidal and nontyphoidal spp.

is one of the common causal agents of bacterial gastroenteritis-related morbidity and mortality among children below 5 years and the elderly populations. Salmonellosis in humans is caused mainly by consuming contaminated food originating from animals. The genus has several serovars, and many of them are recently reported to be resistant to multiple drugs.

A comprehensive review and meta-analysis of recent advances in biotechnology for plant virus research and significant accomplishments in human health and the pharmaceutical industry.

Secondary metabolites made by plants and used through their metabolic routes are today's most reliable and cost-effective way to make pharmaceuticals and improve health. The concept of genetic engineering is used for molecular pharming. As more people use plants as sources of nanotechnology systems, they are adding to this.

Injectable Adhesive Hydrogels for Soft tissue Reconstruction: A Materials Chemistry Perspective.

Injectable bioadhesives offer several advantages over conventional staples and sutures in surgery to seal and close incisions or wounds. Despite the growing research in recent years few injectable bioadhesives are available for clinical use. This review summarizes the key chemical features that enable the development and improvements in the use of polymeric injectable hydrogels as bioadhesives or sealants, their design requirements, the gelation mechanism, synthesis routes, and the role of adhesion mechanisms and strategies in different biomedical applications.

Blue energy generation by the temperature-dependent properties in funnel-shaped soft nanochannels.

Salinity energy generation (SEG) studies have only been done under isothermal conditions at ambient temperature. The production of salinity energy can be improved under non-isothermal conditions, albeit preserving the energy efficiency. In the current study, the effects of gradients of temperature and concentration on the salinity energy generation process were examined simultaneously.

Serum protease-activated receptor (PAR-1) levels as a potential biomarker for diagnosis of inflammation in type 2 diabetic patients.

Background: Inflammation is a prominent clinical manifestation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (TDM) patients, often associated with insulin resistance, metabolic dysregulation, and other complications.

Aim Of The Study: The present study has been designed to check the serum levels of PAR-1 and correlate with various clinical manifestations and inflammatory cytokines levels in type 2 diabetic subjects.

Material And Methods: The study population was divided into two groups, healthy volunteers (n = 15): normal glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (4.

Liver-Derived S100A6 Propels β-Cell Dysfunction in NAFLD.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an independent predictor of systemic insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, converse correlates between excess liver fat content and β-cell function remain equivocal. Specifically, how the accumulation of liver fat consequent to the enhanced de novo lipogenesis (DNL) leads to pancreatic β-cell failure and eventually to T2DM is elusive.

Performance of treatment schemes comprising chromium-hydrogen peroxide-based advanced oxidation process for textile wastewater.

The present study investigated the performance of a chromium-based advanced oxidation process using chromium (as Cr or Cr) and HO for the treatment of synthetic and simulated textile wastewaters. With the Cr/HO system, the maximum total organic carbon (TOC) and color removals from the synthetic dye wastewater (Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R dye concentration = 100 mg/L) were 75% and 99%, respectively, within 30 min duration ([Cr]:[HO] = 1:30, stoichiometric HO dose = 2.01 ml/L and pH = 7).

Production of Blending Quality Bioethanol from Broken Rice: Optimization of Process Parameters and Kinetic Modeling.

The enzymatic and bio-enzymatic saccharification of waste broken rice (79.8% of starch) was successfully carried out to produce a reducible sugar solution (160 g/L). Bioethanol of concentration 71.

Influence of viscoelectric effect on diffusioosmotic transport in nanochannel.

We have investigated the role of viscoelectric effect on diffusioosmotic flow (DOF) through a nanochannel connected with two reservoirs. The transport equations governing the flow dynamics are solved numerically using the finite element technique. We have extensively analyzed the variation of induced field due to electric double layer (EDL) phenomenon, relative viscosity as modulated by the viscoelectric effect as well as reservoir's concentration difference, and their eventual impact on the underlying flow characteristics.

Understanding the Regioselectivity of Ion-Pair-Assisted Meta-Selective C(sp)-H Activation in Conformationally Flexible Arylammonium Salts.

The lack of directionality and the long-range nature of Coulomb interactions have been a bottleneck to achieve chemically precise C-H activation using ion-pairs. Recent report by Phipps and co-workers of the ion-pair-directed regioselective Iridium-catalyzed borylation opens a new direction toward harnessing noncovalent interactions for C-H activation. In this article, the mechanism and specific role of ion-pairing are investigated using density functional theory (DFT).

Extract of Murraya koenigii selectively causes genomic instability by altering redox-status via targeting PI3K/AKT/Nrf2/caspase-3 signaling pathway in human non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Dietary bioactives have been used as alternative therapeutics to overcome various adverse effects caused by chemotherapeutics. Curry leaves are a widely used culinary spice and different parts of this plant have been used in traditional medicines.

Lightsheet optical tweezer (LOT) for optical manipulation of microscopic particles and live cells.

Optical trapping and patterning cells or microscopic particles is fascinating. We developed a light sheet-based optical tweezer to trap dielectric particles and live HeLa cells. The technique requires the generation of a tightly focussed diffraction-limited light-sheet realized by a combination of cylindrical lens and high NA objective lens.

A Unifying Perspective on Perception and Cognition Through Linguistic Representations of Emotion.

This article will provide a unifying perspective on perception and cognition the route of linguistic representations of emotion. Linguistic representations of emotions provide a fertile ground for explorations into the nature and form of integration of perception and cognition because emotion has facets of both perceptual and cognitive processes. In particular, this article shows that certain types of linguistic representations of emotion allow for the integration of perception and cognition through a series of steps and operations in cognitive systems, whereas certain other linguistic representations of emotion are not so representationally structured as to permit the unity of perception and cognition.

Injectable and self-healing double network polysaccharide hydrogel as a minimally-invasive delivery platform.

Injectable hydrogels exhibiting self-healing ability are promising carriers for controlled and sustained delivery in a minimally-invasive format for biomedical applications. We designed a polysaccharide-based double network hydrogel by mixing solutions of aldehyde-alginate (aAlg) and acrylic acid-chitosan (aCS) in the presence of adipic acid dihydrazide and FeCl that resulted in dual crosslinking mediated by Schiff base and ionic interactions. The hydrogel exhibited excellent thixotropic and self-healing properties with a high compressive fracture strength of ≈ 48 kPa.

Life cycle assessment (LCA) of the arsenic and fluoride removal from groundwater through adsorption and electrocoagulation: A comparative study.

The human health-related issues originating from the consumption of arsenic and fluoride-containing drinking water are major challenges worldwide. Amongst the different technologies available, electrocoagulation and adsorption are two promising technologies for simultaneous remediation of contaminants from groundwater. The present study evaluates and compares the environmental impacts of aluminium hydroxide/oxide nanoparticles (AHNP) adsorption and aluminium electrode electrocoagulation processes by performing their LCA.

Development of an automated screen for Kv7.2 potassium channels and discovery of a new agonist chemotype.

To identify pore domain ligands on Kv7.2 potassium ion channels, we compared wild-type (WT) and W236L mutant Kv7.2 channels in a series of assays with previously validated and novel agonist chemotypes.

Embolic ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Atrial Fibrillation: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature.

Coronary artery plaque rupture, erosion, thrombosis, and dissection account for nearly all acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, coronary artery embolism remains a significant cause of AMI that is essentially unaccounted for. In this report, we present two cases of acute coronary syndrome caused by coronary embolism.

Epigenetic regulation of Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 by host transcription factor Speckled 110 kDa during hepatitis B virus infection.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the leading cause of liver disease ranging from acute and chronic hepatitis to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Studies have revealed that HBV infection broadly reprogrammes the host cellular metabolic processes for viral pathogenesis. Previous reports have shown that glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are among the most deregulated pathways during HBV infection.

Integration of electroencephalogram (EEG) and motion tracking sensors for objective measure of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (MAHD) in pre-schoolers.

We developed an integrated device composed of a single-probe Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Charge Coupled Device (CCD) based motion sensors for objective measurement of Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). While the measurement of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (MAHD) relies on the EEG signal for the assessment of attention during a given structured task, the CCD sensor depicts the movement pattern of the subjects engaged in a continuous performance task. A statistical analysis of attention and movement patterns was performed, and the accuracy of completed tasks was analyzed using indigenously developed software.

Interest In and Uptake of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): A Cross-Sectional Study of High-Risk Patients in Western Canada.

Rationale Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective, evidence-based HIV prevention strategy. However, its use in the city of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan province of western Canada, is relatively new. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the interest and uptake of PrEP and investigate factors associated with HIV PrEP by high-risk patients.

Characterization of condensation on nanostructured surfaces and associated thermal hydraulics using a thermal lattice Boltzmann method.

The dynamics of the condensation process on nanostructured surfaces can be modulated substantially by tuning the surface architecture. Present study uses the mesoscopic framework of lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) to explore the role of surface morphology and cold spot temperature in determining the visual state of the condensate droplet, mode of nucleation, and associated rates of energy and mass interactions. A multiple relaxation time-(MRT)-based LBM solver, coupled with pseudopotential model, has been developed to simulate a rectangular domain of saturated vapor, housing a cold spot on the bottom rough surface.

Digital light processing-based 3D bioprinting of κ-carrageenan hydrogels for engineering cell-loaded tissue scaffolds.

The demand to regenerate biological tissues and organs in patients as an alternative to transplants has motivated the tissue engineering field. Digital light processing (DLP)-based three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology enables the rapid fabrication of complex 3D cell-laden scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Herein, we demonstrate the outstanding printability of photocurable methacrylate-κ-carrageenan (MA-κ-CA) using DLP 3D printing.

Lattice dynamics of GeSn alloy nanowires.

Alloying group IV semiconductors offers an effective way to engineer their electronic properties and lattice dynamics. The incorporation of Sn in Ge permits a transition from an indirect to a direct bandgap semiconductor. Here, by combining polarization, laser power-dependent and temperature-dependent micro-Raman spectroscopy we explore the full lattice dynamics of GeSn ( = 0.

High performance GZO/p-Si heterojunction diodes fabricated by reactive co-sputtering of Zn and GaAs through the control of GZO layer thickness.

The effect of thickness of Ga doped ZnO (GZO) layer on the performance of GZO/p-Si heterojunctions fabricated by reactive co-sputtering of Zn-GaAs target is investigated. GZO films were deposited at 375 °C with 0.5% GaAs area coverage of Zn target and 5% O in sputtering atmosphere.

Reactivity of Nitric Oxide and Nitrosonium Ion with Copper(II/I) Schiff Base Complexes: Mechanistic Aspects of Imine C═N Bond Cleavage and Oxidation of Pyridine-2-aldehyde to Pyridine-2-carboxylic Acid.

Four Schiff base ligands of the general formulas [6-()-2-pyridyl--(2'-methylthiophenyl)methylenimine] (L1) and 6--chlorophenyl-2-pyridyl--(2'-phenylthiophenyl)methylenimine (L2), where R = H, Me, -ClPh, and their bis-ligand copper(II) and copper(I) complexes, - and -, respectively, were synthesized and characterized. The reactivities of - with nitric oxide (NO) gas and of - with solid NOBF (NO) were examined in dry acetonitrile in the presence and absence of water (HO). The results revealed that, , complexes - (or -) reacts with NO (or NOBF), leading to imine C═N bond cleavage of both (or one) Schiff base(s) that generates 2 (or 1) equiv of 2-(methyl/phenyl)thiobenzenediazonium perchlorates (/) and the corresponding picolaldehyde (Pial) via a copper nitrosyl of a {CuNO}-type intermediate.