Activation of neutrophils excels the therapeutic potential of Mycobacterium indicus pranii and heat-induced promastigotes against antimony-resistant Leishmania donovani infection.

Repurposing drugs and adjuvants is an attractive choice of present therapy that reduces the substantial costs, chances of failure, and systemic toxicity. Mycobacterium indicus pranii was originally developed as a leprosy vaccine but later has been found effective against Leishmania donovani infection. To extend our earlier study, here we reported the immunotherapeutic modulation of the splenic and circulatory neutrophils in favour of hosts as neutrophils actually serve as the pro-parasitic portable shelter to extend the Leishmania infection specifically during the early entry into the hosts' circulation.

Development of a colloidal gold strip-based immunochromatographic assay for rapid detection of Fusarium oxysporum in ginger.

Background: Rhizome rot, caused primarily by Fusarium oxysporum, is one of the most destructive diseases leading to significant loss in ginger worldwide. The loss can be greatly reduced by proper disease management practices steered by accurate and early diagnosis of pathogens. Pathogen detection at an early stage of infection can also reduce the incidence of disease epidemics.

Fungal disease detection in plants: Traditional assays, novel diagnostic techniques and biosensors.

Fungal diseases in commercially important plants results in a significant reduction in both quality and yield, often leading to the loss of an entire plant. In order to minimize the losses, it is essential to detect and identify the pathogens at an early stage. Early detection and accurate identification of pathogens can control the spread of infection.

Drug Targets for Cardiovascular-Safe Anti-Inflammatory: In Silico Rational Drug Studies.

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) plays an important role in memory consolidation and synaptic activity, the most fundamental functions of the brain. It converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandin endoperoxide H2. In contrast, if over-expressed, it causes inflammation in response to cytokine, pro-inflammatory molecule, and growth factor.