Aging and voluntary exercise's effects on Aβ1-42 levels, endoplasmic reticulum stress factors, and apoptosis in the hippocampus of old male rats.

Within the aging cortex, amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) is a crucial element of the senile plaques, a hallmark feature often observed in cases of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The UPR (unfolded protein response), a cellular mechanism for protein folding, is switched on by Aβ accumulation. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been identified as playing a role in aging and the development of neurodegenerative diseases.

Cyclosporine A induces kidney dysfunction by the alteration of molecular mediators involved in slit diaphragm regulation and matrix metalloproteins: the mitigating effect of curcumin.

Background: This research aimed at investigating the cyclosporine A intake impact with/without curcumin on podocyte protein gene expressions and matrix metalloproteins (MMPs) changes in rat kidney.

Methods: Thirty-two Wistar male rats were assigned to the control, sham, cyclosporine A, and cyclosporine A with curcumin groups.

Results: A significant increase was observed in CD2AP, ACTN4, podocin and also MMP9 and 2, cystatin C levels in the cyclosporine A group following treatment for four weeks, whereas a decrease was found in nephrin gene expression than the control group.