Solvent-free visible-light-mediated α-phosphorylation and Csp-H activation of tertiary and secondary amines at room temperature in the presence of cadmium sulfide nanophotocatalyst.

Recently, the synthesis of organic compounds via Csp-H activation is an important target for organic and medicinal chemists. On the other hand, visible-light-mediated organic synthesis is an attractive method, which is dependent on the capability of the reagent or photocatalyst to take up solar energy. Thus, the discovery and development of novel, Milde, simple, and effective manners using visible-light-induced photocatalysts have gained great interest in synthetic organic chemistry.

Utilizing ferrocene for doping iron into graphitic carbon nitride (Fe/g-CN): an internal dual photocatalyst for tandem oxidation/cyclization of toluene to benzimidazoles under visible light conditions.

Recently, doping metals into graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) is considered for environmental applications and organic reactions. In this study, we used ferrocene as a source of Fe to dope iron onto g-CN. The scaffold of the internal electric field is presented as an impressive strategy to increase photocatalytic activities.

Correction: Nano copper(i) oxide/zinc oxide catalyzed -arylation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles with aryl halides and arylboronic acids in air.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C3RA46548A.].

N-doped ZnO as an efficient photocatalyst for thiocyanation of indoles and phenols under visible-light.

In this study, nitrogen-doped ZnO nanorods (N-ZnO NRs) were synthesized via a very simple hydrothermal process, fully characterized, and this photocatalyst was successfully exploited in thiocyanation reactions of indoles and phenols at room temperature under visible light irradiation. Two important classes of aromatic compounds indoles, and phenols using N-ZnO NRs as photocatalyst treated with ammonium thiocyanate as thiocyanation agent formed the corresponding thiocyano compounds in good yields. Nitrogen is one of the most appropriate p-type dopants that is nontoxic, similar to the atomic radius to oxygen, and lower electronegativity and ionization energy than the O atom.

Visible-light-mediated phosphonylation reaction: formation of phosphonates from alkyl/arylhydrazines and trialkylphosphites using zinc phthalocyanine.

In this work, we developed a ligand- and base-free visible-light-mediated protocol for the photoredox syntheses of arylphosphonates and, for the first time, alkyl phosphonates. Zinc phthalocyanine-photocatalyzed Csp2-P and Csp3-P bond formations were efficiently achieved by reacting aryl/alkylhydrazines with trialkylphosphites in the presence of air serving as an abundant oxidant. The reaction conditions tolerated a wide variety of functional groups.

Nanosized CdS as a Reusable Photocatalyst: The Study of Different Reaction Pathways between Tertiary Amines and Aryl Sulfonyl Chlorides through Visible-Light-Induced N-Dealkylation and C-H Activation Processes.

It has been found that the final products of the reaction of sulfonyl chlorides and tertiary amines in the presence of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles under visible light irradiation are highly dependent on the applied reaction conditions. Interestingly, with the change of a reaction condition, different pathways were conducted (visible-light-induced N-dealkylation or sp and sp C-H activation) that lead to different products such as secondary amines and various sulfonyl compounds. Remarkably, all of these reactions were performed under visible light irradiation and an air atmosphere without any additive or oxidant in benign solvents or under solvent-free conditions.

Visible-light-mediated semi-heterogeneous black TiO/nickel dual catalytic C (sp)-P bond formation toward aryl phosphonates.

The combination of black TiO nanoparticles (NPs) with a nickel catalyst provides a low-cost, sustainable, and reusable alternative dual catalytic system to a homogeneous counterpart (noble metals). This black TiO-photoredox/nickel dual catalytic system has efficiently driven C-P bond formation between aryl iodides and diarylphosphine oxides under visible light, providing good to excellent yields as well as tolerating a variety of functional groups. The practical application of this semi-heterogeneous protocol has been highlighted by a sunlight experiment, a gram-scale reaction, and a reusability test.

Inhibitory effect of coumarin and its analogs on insulin fibrillation /cytotoxicity is depend on oligomerization states of the protein.

Looking through a historical lens, attention to the stabilization of pharmaceutical proteins/peptides has been dramatically increased. Human insulin is the most challenging and the most widely used pharmaceutical protein in the world. In this study, the protein and coumarin as a plant-derived phenolic compound and two coumarin analogs with different moieties were investigated to evaluate the protein fibrillation and cytotoxicity.

TiO/CuO nanoparticle-catalyzed direct C(sp)-P bond formation via aerobic oxidative coupling in air and visible light.

The synthesis of organophosphorus compounds is one of the important goals in organic chemistry. Among these compounds, alkynylphosphonates are significantly utilized as the main precursors for the synthesis of biologically active molecules in medicinal chemistry and have attracted extensive interest in the past few decades. Although few efforts have been made towards the direct and atom-economical synthesis of alkynylphosphonates, efforts towards the utilization of visible light as a green and renewable energy source have not been made to date.

On/Off O Switchable Photocatalytic Oxidative and Protodecarboxylation of Carboxylic Acids.

Photoredox catalysis in recent years has manifested a powerful branch of science in organic synthesis. Although merging photoredox and metal catalysts has been a widely used method, switchable heterogeneous photoredox catalysis has rarely been considered. Herein, we open a new window to use a switchable heterogeneous photoredox catalyst which could be turned on/off by changing a simple stimulus (O) for two opponent reactions, namely, oxidative and protodecarboxylation.

Synthesis and Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Enantioenriched Secondary Potassium -Trifluoroboratoamides: Catalytic, Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Bisboronic Acid and Tetrakis(dimethylamino)diboron to ,-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds.

Enantioenriched potassium -trifluoroboratoamides have been synthesized an asymmetric, copper-catalyzed 1,4-addition of tetrahydroxydiboron (BBA) and tetrakis(dimethylamino)diboron to ,-unsaturated amides. These dibora reagents provide access to the desired organotrifluoroborates using effective and atom economical sources of boron. The copper-catalyzed -boration is extended to ,-unsaturated ketones and esters.

One-pot multi-component route to propargylamines using zinc oxide under solvent-free conditions.

In this paper, commercially available ZnO was found to be a highly effective catalyst for three-component coupling reactions of alkynes, aldehydes/or ketone and amines (A(3)-coupling) via C-H activation. The reactions could be applied to both aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes. Nearly quantitative yields of the desired products were obtained in most cases.

Synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromen-4-yl phosphonates [correction of phosphonats] via C-P bond formation catalyzed by nano-rods ZnO under solvent-free condition.

One-pot, three-component reactions of structurally diverse salicylaldehydes with malononitrile (or ethylcyanoacetate) and diethyl (or dimethyl) phosphate are carried out in the presence of nano-rods ZnO as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of biologically interesting 2-amino-4H-chromen-4-yl phosphonate derivatives. The value of this method lies in its mild and environmentally benign reaction, simple procedure, good yields, and ease of handling.

Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of potassium trifluoro(N-methylheteroaryl)borates with aryl and heteroaryl halides.

The synthesis of potassium trifluoro(N-methylheteroaryl)borates and their use in cross-coupling reactions with various aryl and heteroaryl halides to construct N-methyl heteroaryl-substituted aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds are reported.

One-pot, three-component synthesis of spirooxindoles catalyzed by ZnO nano-rods in solvent-free conditions.

Recyclable ZnO nano-rods catalyst as a most efficient and straightforward protocol for one-pot, three-component synthesis of spirooxindole derivatives at room temperature under solvent-free conditions in both reaction media and work-up procedure is described. This method is of great value because of its environmentally benign character, easy handling, high yields, convenient operation (grinding), room temperature, low cost and green.

Nano sulfated titania as solid acid catalyst in direct synthesis of fatty acid amides.

Nanosized sulfated titania was prepared by a sol-gel hydrothermal process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron, and scanning electron micrographs (TEM and SEM), FT-IR specific surface area, and BET N(2) adsorption were employed to characterize the properties of the synthesized sulfated TiO(2). The results indicate that both anatase and rutile TiO(2) are obtainable.

Bis(2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde oxime) O,O'-butane-1,4-diyldicarbonyl ether.

The mol-ecule of the title compound, C(20)H(20)N(2)O(6), lies across a crystallographic inversion centre, the asymmetric unit comprising one half-mol-ecule. An intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond generates a six-membered ring, producing an S(6) ring motif. Pairs of inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link neighbouring mol-ecules into a layer with R(2) (2)(38) ring motif.

ZnO as a new catalyst for N-formylation of amines under solvent-free conditions.

The treatment of amines with formic acid in the presence of ZnO under solvent-free conditions brings about highly and efficient N-formylation to give the corresponding formamides in excellent yields. The N-formylation reaction not only involves mild conditions, simple operation, and high yields but also high chemoselectivity.

Reactions on a solid surface. A simple, economical and efficient Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction over zinc oxide (ZnO) as a new catalyst.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) brings about a rapid Friedel-Crafts acylation of a range of activated and unactivated aromatic compounds such as anisole and chlorobenzene with acid chlorides in solvent-free conditions at room temperature. The ZnO powder can be reused up to three times after simple washing with dichloromethane.

Highly selective methodology for the direct conversion of aromatic aldehydes to glycol monoesters.

Al(2)O(3)/MeSO(3)H (AMA) was found to be an extremely efficient reagent for the conversion of aromatic aldehydes and diols to glycol monoesters. The remarkable selectivity achieved with this reagent is an attractive feature of the present method.