Levocetrizine attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced lung injury through inhibition of TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β and MMP-9.

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an antineoplastic drug commonly used worldwide. Despite its spread, it causes fatal organ toxicity. Lung toxicity is a serious side effect of CP.

Evaluation of Antithymocyte Globulin Efficacy in Reversing Refractory Graft Rejection Using Retrospective Event-Based Sequential Graft Biopsy Analysis in Living Related Donor Renal Transplant.

Objectives: The main risk factor for poor graft outcomes is refractory acute rejection and its consequences. In this study, we compared the efficacy of antithymocyte globulins versus other antirejection strategies in reversing refractory acute graft rejection after living donor renal transplant.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 745 patients who received living-donor kidney transplants and experienced acute rejection episodes at Mansoura Urology and Nephrology Center in Egypt over the past 20 years.

Identification of Epigenetic Interactions between miRNA and Gene Expression as Potential Prognostic Markers in Bladder Cancer.

Purpose: To identify the role of a set of microRNAs and their target genes and protein expression levels in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer with a muscular invasion (T2−T4) and non-muscular invasion (T1). Methods: In 157 patients, bladder specimen was examined for the expression of a set of miRNAs including let-7a-5p, miRNA-449a-5p, miRNA-145-3P, miRNA-124-3P, miRNA-138-5p, and miRNA-23a-5p and their targeted genes; β-catenin, WNT7A, IRS2, FZD4, SOS1, HDAC1, HDAC2, HIF1α, and PTEN using the qRT-PCR technique. The prognostic effect of miRNAs and their targeted genes on cancer-specific survival (CSS) was evaluated in pT2−pT4 stages.

Clinical course, viral etiology, and the diagnostic workup for patients with suspected myocarditis: a single-center prospective study.

Background: Myocarditis is a highly heterogeneous disorder with a challenging diagnostic work-up. We aimed to focus on the possible diagnostic workup for this condition in settings where endomyocardial biopsy as a gold standard is not always feasible, detect the etiologic cardiotropic viruses in our locality, and follow the clinical course in patients admitted with clinically suspected myocarditis.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study.

Association of follicular helper T and follicular regulatory T cells with severity and hyperglycemia in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

We aimed to determine the levels of follicular helper T (Tfh) and follicular regulatory T (Tfr) cells in COVID-19 patients and determine whether their levels correlated with disease severity and presence of hyperglycemia. This study was carried out in 34 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and 20 healthy controls. Levels of total circulating Tfh, inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS)+ activated Tfh, and Tfr cells were assessed in all participants by flow cytometry.

Overexpression of PD-1 and CD39 in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes compared with peripheral blood lymphocytes in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background And Aim: Growing evidence highlighted the primary role of the immune system in the disease course of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The study aim was to investigate the expression of PD-1 and CD39 on CD4+ and CD8+ cells infiltrating tumor tissue compared to their counterparts in peripheral blood and explore its association with tumor characteristics, disease progression, and prognosis in females with TNBC.

Patients And Methods: The study included 30 TNBC patients and 20 healthy controls.

Prognostic influence of microsatellite alterations of muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy.

Objective: To examine the prognostic effect of microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Patients And Methods: The liquid nitrogen-preserved specimens of 220 patients between March 2009 and December 2012 were analyzed for the presence of MSI and LOH in 12 loci (ACTBP2, D16S310, D16S476, D18S51, D4S243, D9S162, D9S171, D9S747, FGA, INF-α, MBP, MJD) using polymerase chain reaction. MSI was defined as MSI-stable, MSI-Low, or MSI-High if instability was detected in 0, 1, or 2 or more of the examined markers, respectively.

Accumulation of Regulatory T Cells in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Can Boost Immune Disruption.

Background And Aim: The present study was conducted to evaluate the number of Tregs in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), in normal breast parenchyma and in the peripheral blood of these patients and controls, in addition to their correlations with the clinico-pathologic features and the outcomes of TNBC.

Methods: Thirty adult treatment-naïve women with non-metastatic TNBC were recruited. In addition, 20 ages matched healthy females participated as a control group.

The protective effect of protocatechuic acid on hepatotoxicity induced by cisplatin in mice.

Cisplatin is one of the most potent anti-cancer drugs used for the treatment of various solid tumors, yet it has several side effects that may limit its clinical use. Hepatotoxicity is one of the most serious side effects as it may lead to liver failure. Several mechanisms including oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis have been examined in cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity.

Anti-apoptotic effect of vinpocetine on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice: The role of Annexin-V, Caspase-3, and Bax.

Hepatic damage is one of the most common complications related to cisplatin (Cis) use. Recently, liver protection lines are being discovered to avoid hepatic cell death as a result of oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic disturbance. Limited data reported the hepatoprotective effect of vinpocetine (Vin) in acute liver injury models.

Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of toxic metals and trace elements in the tissues of renal cell carcinoma compared with the adjacent non-cancerous and control kidney tissues.

Toxic metals and trace elements (TMTE) are linked to the development of several human cancers. Many reports have documented the association between some TMTE and renal cell carcinoma. In this work, we assessed the presence (qualitative) and evaluated the concentration (quantitative) of 22 TMTE in three groups of kidney tissue samples: renal cell carcinoma (RCC), adjacent non-cancerous, and control kidney tissues from cadavers.

Concordance between peripheral and decidual NK cell subsets and killer immunoglobulin-like receptors in women with recurrent spontaneous miscarriages.

Background: The role of decidual natural killer (dNK) cells in normal and complicated pregnancy and their relation with peripheral NK (pNK) cells remains unclear. The study aim was phenotypic analysis of pNK and dNK cells at time of miscarriage in recurrent spontaneous miscarriage (RSM) patients to assess whether measuring levels of pNK cell populations can reflect changes in dNK cells or not.

Methods: This study included 40 middle aged pregnant women in the 1st trimester subjected to evacuation because of a current miscarriage.

Upregulation of CD146 in Pediatric B-Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia and Its Implications on Treatment Outcomes.

Unlabelled: . We studied through flow cytometry the expression of CD146 on different T cells, and B-cell ALL blasts trying to correlate its expression with different prognostic factors of B-cell ALL and treatment outcomes. .

Circulating hematopoietic stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells and cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma patients: contribution to diagnosis and prognosis.

Circulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to tumor development and progression and can predict patient outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of circulating HSCs, EPCs and CSCs in the peripheral blood of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to explore their potential prognostic significance for HCC patients. The study included 30 HCC patients and 20 healthy controls.

Prognostic impact of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 expression on monocytes in Egyptian patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have a role in chronic inflammation. Still, little is known about the expression of TLRs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we tried to assess the prognostic value of TLR2 and TLR4 expression on circulating monocytes in HCC patients and correlate their levels with some clinical, laboratory data, and treatment outcomes.

Natural Killer and Natural Killer T Cells in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Relation to Disease Activity and Progression.

The contribution of innate immune cells, including natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells, in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is still unclear. Herein, we examined the frequency of peripheral NK cells, CD56 and CD56 NK cells, and NKT cells in patients with juvenile SLE and their potential relations to SLE-related clinical and laboratory parameters. The study included 35 SLE children and 20 apparently healthy controls.

Circulating Endothelial Cells, Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells, and Circulating Microparticles in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background And Aim:: Hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is accompanied by endothelial cell dysfunction which is known to contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders. The aim of the current study was to explore the profile of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), circulating endothelial cells (CECs), endothelial and platelet derived micropaticles (EMPs, PMPs) and total microparticles (TMPs), in T1D children in relation to each other and to the metabolic disorders accompanying T1D.

Patients And Methods:: Thirty T1D patients and 20 age and sex matched healthy volunteers were assessed for HbA1c level and lipid profile.

Patterns of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from the Assiut University Hospitals, Egypt: A Comparative Study.

An increasing pattern of fluoroquinolone resistance (FQR) among bacterial pathogens has been described worldwide. In this study, we compared the patterns of genetic mechanisms that confer FQR for and isolated from the Assiut University Hospitals in Egypt. Eighty-seven clinical and isolates were tested for mutations in , , , and genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and DNA sequencing.

Cinnamaldehyde exerts vasculoprotective effects in hypercholestrolemic rabbits.

The effects of cinnamaldehyde (CIN), a commonly consumed food flavor, against high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-induced vascular damage in rabbits were evaluated. Male New Zealand rabbits (n = 24) were allocated to four groups at random: control, fed with standard rabbit chow; CIN, fed with standard diet and administered CIN; HCD, fed with 1% cholesterol-enriched diet; and HCD-CIN, fed with HCD and treated with CIN. CIN was orally given at a dose of (10 mg/kg/day) concomitantly with each diet type from day 1 until the termination of the experimental protocol (4 weeks).

Refractory CD20 Positive Cellular Rejection in Living Kidney Transplant: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Transplant is the optimal therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease. Acute cellular rejection refractory to treatment remains a major risk factor for graft loss and poor outcomes. In this study, we describe a 39-year-old man who received a living-related kidney transplant.

Quantitative Evaluation of Heavy Metals and Trace Elements in the Urinary Bladder: Comparison Between Cancerous, Adjacent Non-cancerous and Normal Cadaveric Tissue.

The role of heavy metals and trace elements (HMTE) in the development of some cancers has been previously reported. Bladder carcinoma is a frequent malignancy of the urinary tract. The most common risk factors for bladder cancer are exposure to industrial carcinogens, cigarette smoking, gender, and possibly diet.

Agmatine improves renal function in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

The present study was designed to explore the possible protective effects of agmatine, a known nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. For this purpose, we quantitatively evaluated gentamicin-induced renal structural and functional alterations using histopathological and biochemical approaches. Furthermore, the effect of agmatine on gentamicin-induced hypersensitivity of urinary bladder rings to acetylcholine (ACh) was evaluated.

Outcome of glomerulonephritis in live-donor renal transplant recipients: A single-centre experience.

Objectives: To investigate the frequency and risk factors affecting the incidence of post-transplantation glomerulonephritis (GN) and the impact of GN on the survival of the graft and the patient.

Patients And Methods: Patients were classified based on histological findings into three groups. Graft survival was ascertained using the Kaplan-Meier method and significance calculated using log-rank tests.