Work-related injuries and illnesses among kitchen workers at two major students' hostels.

Background: Kitchen workers face a disproportionately high risk of injuries and illnesses. Yet, despite the ubiquity of kitchen-related injuries, there has been a relative lack of comprehensive research on this topic, particularly in developing countries. Ain Shams University, as a prestigious educational institution with its diverse kitchen staff, provides an ideal setting for studying the challenges faced in professional kitchens.

Exploring the Relationship between Adherence to Therapy, Treatment Acceptability, and Clinical Outcomes in Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Results from the COMPAS Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Cognitive behavioral therapy and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) can be effective in treating adults with ADHD, and patients generally consider these interventions useful. While adherence, as measured by attendance at sessions, is mostly sufficient, adherence to therapy skills has not been assessed. Furthermore, the relationship between patient evaluation of therapy effectiveness, treatment adherence, and clinical outcomes is understudied.

Exploring the efficacy of dialectical behaviour therapy and methylphenidate on emotional comorbid symptoms in adults with attention Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder: Results of the COMPAS multicentre randomised controlled trial.

This study evaluated the efficacy of dialectical behaviour group therapy (GPT) vs. individual clinical management (CM) and methylphenidate (MPH) vs. placebo (PLB) on emotional symptoms in adults with ADHD.

Frequency and risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders among kitchen workers.

Background: Kitchen work is associated with exposure to heavy workload which has been linked to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and many other occupational hazards. This study aimed to measure the frequency of WRMSDs related to working in kitchens of two major Egyptian students' hostels, to determine the associated risk factors, and determine the distribution of musculoskeletal problems in various joints in different job categories.

Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out among 128 kitchen workers of two major students' hostels in Cairo, Egypt.

Antidepressant Effects of a Multimodal Group Therapy Program for Mild Dementia: A Retrospective Evaluation of Clinical Routine Data.

Background: The multimodal CORDIAL treatment concept for mild dementia, combining cognitive rehabilitation, cognitive behavioral and humanistic psychology interventions, has proven its feasibility and demonstrated a reduction of depressive symptoms in individual dyadic/triadic settings.

Objective: We investigate antidepressant effects of an adapted group-based CORDIAL program in clinical routine care.

Methods: During 2013 and 2017, 51 outpatients with mild dementia (45% female, mean age 72.

Medium-term and peri-lockdown course of psychosocial burden during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study on patients with pre-existing mental disorders.

While the COVID-19 pandemic continues, patients with pre-existing mental disorders are increasingly recognized as a risk group for adverse outcomes. However, data are conflicting and cover only short time spans so far. Here, we investigate the medium-term and peri-lockdown-related changes of mental health outcomes in such patients in a longitudinal study.

Safety Profile of Methylphenidate Under Long-Term Treatment in Adult ADHD Patients - Results of the COMPAS Study.

Introduction: The Comparison of Methylphenidate and Psychotherapy in adult ADHD Study (COMPAS) was a prospective, randomized multicenter clinical trial, comparing methylphenidate (MPH) with placebo (PLAC) in combination with cognitive behavioral group psychotherapy (GPT) or individual clinical management (CM) over the period of 1 year. Here, we report results on treatment safety.

Methods: MPH and PLAC were flexibly dosed.

Impaired empathy but no theory of mind deficits in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Objective: The cognitive capacity to change perspective is referred to as theory of mind (ToM). ToM deficits are detectable in a variety of psychiatric and neurological disorders. Since executive abilities are closely associated with ToM skills, we suspected that due to a common neuropsychological basis, ToM deficits exist in treatment-naïve adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Claims Data Analysis on the Dispensing of Tricyclic Antidepressants Among Patients With Dementia in Germany.

A restrictive use of tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) in patients with dementia (PwD) is recommended due to the hazard of anticholinergic side effects. We evaluated the frequency of TCA dispensing in PwD over a period of 1 year and the use of TCA before and after the incident diagnosis of dementia. This analysis was based on administrative data from a German statutory health insurance for a period of 2 years.

Long-term Effects of Multimodal Treatment on Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms: Follow-up Analysis of the COMPAS Trial.

Importance: Knowledge about the long-term effects of multimodal treatment in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is much needed.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term efficacy of multimodal treatment for adult ADHD.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This observer-masked, 1.

Cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities in patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia compared to a psychiatric control cohort.

Background: Multimorbidity in dementia is associated with an increased risk of complications and a higher need for care. Having knowledge of cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities is crucial when making decisions about diagnostic procedures and therapies. We compared the prevalence of comorbidities in hospitalized patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia, and psychiatric diseases other than dementia.

Continuity of treatment with benzodiazepines in dementia patients: an analysis of German health insurance claims data.

Long-term treatment with benzodiazepines (BZD) should be avoided in dementia patients because of an increased risk of adverse events. We evaluated how continuously dementia patients were prescribed BZD over 12 months. For this observational study, we used claims data from a large German public sickness fund for 2014 and 2015, including patients with an incident diagnosis of dementia in 2014.

Intravenous Dexmedetomidine Infusion Compared with that of Fentanyl in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery under General Anesthesia.

Background: Anesthesia for arthroscopic shoulder surgery is challenging due to the need for oligaemic surgical field as well as a good postoperative recovery profile.

Aim: The present study was prospective, randomized to evaluate the efficacy of dexmdetomidine infusion compared to that of fentanyl in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery under general anesthesia.

Patients And Methods: A total of 60 patients aged from thirty to fifty years, American Society of Anesthesiologists Class I/II of either sex for arthroscopic shoulder surgery, were included.

Effectiveness of Psychotherapy in Adult ADHD: What Do Patients Think? Results of the COMPAS Study.

Objective: In the multicenter study Comparison of Methylphenidate and Psychotherapy in Adult ADHD (COMPAS), the efficacy of treatments has been primarily evaluated by observer-rated symptom change. Here, we additionally analyzed the patients' subjective evaluation of therapy effects.

Method: COMPAS compared ADHD-specific group therapy with unspecific clinical management with/without concomitant pharmacotherapy in a four-armed design.

Immunological and genotoxic effects of occupational exposure to α-cypermethrin pesticide.

Objectives: The aim of this work has been to find out the occupational oxidative stress, immunological and genotoxic health hazards among α-cypermethrin (CYP) pesticide-exposed workers.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed including 200 workers divided into 3 groups according to the level of exposure: highly exposed group (50 workers), moderately exposed group (50 workers) and unexposed group (100 workers). All workers were subjected to detailed laboratory investigation for gene P53 mutations, immunological parameters as a cluster of differentiation into 3 percentage (CD3%), CD4% and CD8% in addition to peripheral blood total leukocytic and platelet counts that were measured.

Risk of open angle glaucoma due to tumor necrosis factor alpha gene polymorphisms.

Introduction: Axonal degeneration and retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in glaucoma is associated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), which is an important pro-inflammatory cytokine. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the risk of open angle glaucoma (OAG) in the Egyptian population and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) gene polymorphisms.

Methods: Sixty OAG patients and 26 healthy unrelated controls were used to analyze TNF-α polymorphism G-308A using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).

Effects of Group Psychotherapy, Individual Counseling, Methylphenidate, and Placebo in the Treatment of Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with high prevalence in adulthood. There is a recognized need to assess the efficacy of psychotherapy in adult ADHD.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of cognitive behavioral group psychotherapy (GPT) compared with individual clinical management (CM) and that of methylphenidate hydrochloride compared with placebo.

A randomized controlled multicenter trial on the multimodal treatment of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: enrollment and characteristics of the study sample.

Adult ADHD is a frequent psychiatric disorder affecting relevant aspects of an individual's life. The aim of our study group was to carry out the first randomized controlled multicenter study to evaluate the effects of psychotherapy compared to clinical management in combination with psychopharmacological treatment with methylphenidate (MPH) or placebo (Plac) in a factorial four-arm design. Here, we present the enrollment procedure and description of adult ADHD patients recruited for the trial.

Prevalence and risk factors of sick building syndrome among office workers.

Background: Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a group of symptoms relatively common among office workers; such symptoms could have an impact on the workers' productivity. The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of SBS symptoms among office workers in the Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, and to determine the possible risk factors.

Participants And Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine including 826 workers.

Theory of mind and empathy in patients at an early stage of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Early after having been diagnosed with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), young patients coping with the new situation require good social support and interactions. Successful social interaction is critically dependent upon the ability to understand the minds of others and their feelings. Social cognition refers to the ability to understand the mind of others.

Perception of affective prosody in patients at an early stage of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Cognitive dysfunction is well known in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS) and has been described for many years. Cognitive impairment, memory, and attention deficits seem to be features of advanced MS stages, whereas depression and emotional instability already occur in early stages of the disease. However, little is known about processing of affective prosody in patients in early stages of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).

German validation of the conners adult ADHD rating scale-self-report: confirmation of factor structure in a large sample of participants with ADHD.

Objective: The Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) assess symptoms specific to adults that are frequently used and have been translated into German. The current study tests the factor structure of the CAARS in a large sample of German adults with ADHD and compares the means of the CAARS subscales with those of healthy German controls.

Method: CAARS were completed by 466 participants with ADHD and 851 healthy control participants.

The effects of acute tryptophan depletion on reactive aggression in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls.

Background: The neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) has been linked to the underlying neurobiology of aggressive behavior, particularly with evidence from studies in animals and humans. However, the underlying neurobiology of aggression remains unclear in the context of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a disorder known to be associated with aggression and impulsivity. We investigated the effects of acute tryptophan depletion (ATD), and the resulting diminished central nervous serotonergic neurotransmission, on reactive aggression in healthy controls and adults with ADHD.

Linking social cognition with social interaction: Non-verbal expressivity, social competence and "mentalising" in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Background: Research has shown that patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) can be distinguished from controls on the basis of their non-verbal expression. For example, patients with SSD use facial expressions less than normals to invite and sustain social interaction. Here, we sought to examine whether non-verbal expressivity in patients corresponds with their impoverished social competence and neurocognition.