Promising FDA-approved drugs with efflux pump inhibitory activities against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.

Background And Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that causes wide range of nosocomial and community-acquired infections which have spread worldwide leading to an urgent need for developing effective anti-staphylococcal agents. Efflux is an important resistance mechanism that bacteria used to fight the antimicrobial action. This study aimed to investigate the efflux mechanism in S.

The promising anti-virulence activity of candesartan, domperidone, and miconazole on Staphylococcus aureus.

Staphylococcus aureus is a primary cause of hospital and community-acquired infections. With the emergence of multidrug-resistant S. aureus strains, there is a need for new drugs discovery.

Impeding Virulence of Candida albicans by Candesartan and Domperidone.

Candida albicans is the most common human fungal pathogen that has developed extensive virulence factors which allows successful colonization and infection of the host. Anti-virulence agents can alleviate the pathogenesis of fungi and help the immune system to eradicate them easily. This study aimed to explore the anti-virulence effect of domperidone and candesartan against C.

Diclofenac mitigates virulence of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that has the ability to cause a wide range of diseases including superficial infection and severe invasive life threatening infections. The pathogenicity of S. aureus is mediated by a group of virulence factors that mediate the colonization and penetration.

Selective isolation of Avian influenza virus (AIV) from cloacal samples containing AIV and Newcastle disease virus.

Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are important zoonotic pathogens whose natural reservoir is waterfowl. In addition to AIV, waterfowl are often coinfected with other viruses, such as the paramyxoviruses, of which Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is of particular importance because of the highly virulent nature of certain strains of this virus for domestic poultry. In routine surveillance of waterfowl for AIV, a number of cloacal samples were encountered that were positive for AIV by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), but did not yield AIV by inoculation in embryonated chicken eggs.

Isolation of Avian influenza virus from polymerase chain reaction-negative cloacal samples of waterfowl.

Avian influenza virus (AIV) is one of the most important zoonotic pathogens because of its potential to cause severe disease outbreaks in avian and human hosts. Virus isolation in embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs) remains a gold standard technique for AIV detection. However, some laboratories prefer molecular methods, such as real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), for initial sample screening because of their high throughput sample processing and rapid results.

Triggered replenishment imaging reduces variability of quantitative myocardial contrast echocardiography and allows assessment of myocardial blood flow reserve.

Assessment of replenishment kinetics (RK) following ultrasound-induced destruction of contrast microbubbles allows quantification of myocardial blood flow reserve (MBFR) applying the model f (t) = A (1 - e(-betat)), with parameter beta describing mean flow velocity and parameter A representing blood volume. However, few data on the variability and reproducibility of RK in a clinical setting are available. Therefore, we examined 30 patients in a rest-adenosine protocol in one center.