CARD9-Mediated Macrophage Responses and Collagen Fiber Capsule Formation Caused by Textured Breast Implants.

Background: An increasing number of women are undergoing breast implantation for cosmetic purposes or for reconstructive purposes after breast excision. The surface morphology of the breast implant is a key factor associated with the induction of capsule contraction. The effect of surface morphology on the inflammatory response after implant insertion remains unclear, however.

Cutaneous wound healing promoted by topical administration of heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum KB131 and possible contribution of CARD9-mediated signaling.

Optimal conditions for wound healing require a smooth transition from the early stage of inflammation to proliferation, and during this time alternatively activated (M2) macrophages play a central role. Recently, heat-killed lactic acid bacteria (LAB), such as Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) have been reported as possible modulators affecting the immune responses in wound healing.

Distinct Roles for Dectin-1 and Dectin-2 in Skin Wound Healing and Neutrophilic Inflammatory Responses.

C-type lectin receptors recognize microbial polysaccharides. The C-type lectin receptors such as dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin (Dectin)-1 and Dectin-2, which are triggered by β-glucan and α-mannan, respectively, contribute to upregulation of the inflammatory response. Recently, we demonstrated that activation of the Dectin-2 signal delayed wound healing; in previous studies, triggering the Dectin-1 signal promoted this response.