[Awaiting completion: Definitions missing in action].

BevezetÉs: Egy, a sebészetben alkalmazott leggyakoribb fogalmaknak szentelt cikksorozat bevezető tanulmánya ez. A látszólag egyértelmű definíciók vizsgálatakor kiderül, hogy vagy egyáltalán nem is léteznek, annyira maguktól értetődők (pseudoaxiomák), vagy olyan sok van belőlük, hogy nincs igazi. A javasolt definíciók munkapéldányok, további javításra várnak.

Emlőrák hasüregi áttétei - Egy szokatlan entitás klinikopatológiai jellemzői.

Case Report: A sixty-five-year-old female patient underwent surgery for severe gastrointestinal symptoms, following an alarming CT image. Laparotomy revealed irresectable gastric cancer and peritoneal carcinosis. Palliative gastro-jejunostomy and ileo-descendostomy were performed.

[Furtive small bowel perforation after blunt abdominal trauma].

A rare case of delayed jejunal perforation is reported, with a time window of approximately five hours. The diagnosis is challenging: there are no proper protocols, planned early physical examination checkups are advised. The forensic medical aspects of the occasional therapeutical delays are remarkable.

[Complex oncologic therapy for loco-regionally advanced breast cancer associated with long-lasting SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positivity].

Összefoglaló. A COVID-19 mortalitását a súlyos társbetegségek, közöttük bizonyos daganatos betegségek is növelik. Immunszuppresszív hatásuk miatt felmerülhet a citotoxikus kezelések rizikónövelő hatása is.

[Perioperative nutritional state as a surgical risk in oncologic patients].

Unlabelled: Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A tumorsebészetben a malnutritio független rizikófaktor. A kockázatcsökkentés egyik fontos eleme a perioperatív tápláltsági állapot felmérésén alapuló klinikai táplálás.

[Surgical staplers: definitions and functions].

Definition and systemic review of the different surgical staplers are offered in a comprehensive manner. Improved efficacy in tender decisions, better understanding and usage of clear categories are the main targets of the present overview.

[Diagnosis and management of blunt pancreatic trauma].

The management of thoracic and abdominal organ injuries has very thorough and extensive literature, including evidence-based protocols. Pancreatic trauma stands as an exception. Blunt or penetrating trauma of the pancreas is rather rare (less than 2% of all trauma cases, approximately 3-12% of all abdominal trauma), leading to the lack of high-level evidences regarding its treatment.

[Review of evidence-based modern treatment for chylothorax].

Chylothorax is a multi-factorial complication, frequently of an operation or an accident, but rarely of a tumour. In the absence of prospective or randomised studies evidence-based treatment is normally based on personal experience, ideally in the possession of retrospective analyses using the "best practice" method. The aim of the authors was the review the up-to-date chylothorax treatments.

[Empyema thoracis, hemorrhagic pericarditis and acalculous cholecystitis caused by Eikenella corrodens sepsis].

The authors present a case of a 29-year-old woman who was diagnosed with pneumonia in the left side complicated with pleural effusion and hemorrhagic pericarditis one month after she had undergone tonsillectomy. Eikenella corrodens was identified as pathogenic agent when the empyema was removed during thoracotomy. After the patient was given antibiotic treatment she was discharged from the hospital without any symptoms or complaints.

[Ethiopathogenesis of spontaneous primary pneumothorax. Marijuana: cause or a blame?].

Objective: There are contradictory data on chronic lung injury caused by marijuana, which is partially due to insufficient basic research. Anecdotic reports draw attention to an increased rate of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) among young marijuana smokers, suggesting a causative link.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 20 patients treated for PSP in our department in the last two years was performed.

[Chest trauma: who, how and what?].

A chest-trauma management system, tagged as the "Pécs model" in a tertiary referral center is described with extensive references to the state of the art in thoracic trauma. Chest drainage has utmost importance in primary therapy as well as in surgical decision making (diagnosis). Thoracotomy is a general surgical competence, just as damage control is.

[From the surgical field to the microscope. A new tool to identify the lymph node specimens in oncologic surgery].

Oncologic surgery and pTNM staging require systemic removal of the locoregional lymphnodes. While the optimal extent and therapeutical and/or prognostic value of the lymphadenectomy/sampling are debated organ by organ and (sub)speciality by (sub)speciality, relevance of the lymphnode sytem-tumor concept itself is beyond doubt. Loss of information and existence of traps on the "surgical field-microscope" pathway is an international phenomenon, calling for solution.

[An extremely rare cause of bilateral tension pneumothorax].

Case Report: A middle-aged man presented with the diagnosis of typical spontaneous pneumothorax in the left chest. His management was initiated as usual with a chest drain and he had an uneventful recovery with good expansion of the affected lung up until the third postoperative day. But due to a fatal accident, the patient connected the oxygene supply tube into his thoracic drain.

[Role of surgery for lung cancer in elderly patients].

Lung cancer is a leading cause of death in the civilised world. Surgical resection, which play a crucial role in the complex oncological treatment, has to be offered in older ages than it was done before, due to an ageing population. Results of surgical treatment of patients older than 75 years are investigated retrospectively in the present paper.

[Surgical treatment of pulmonary metastases of colorectal cancers].

Introduction: Results of a retrospective study of patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomies after colorectal surgery in the last five years are reported here. Prognostic factors are evaluated and analyzed in the context of current literature.

Material And Methods: 37 lung resections were performed in 33 patients between 2001 and 2006, the male:female ratio was 19:14.

[Our experience in the surgical treatment of tracheal diseases].

Unlabelled: A case control study is presented reviewing the outcomes of 32 consecutive major tracheal surgeries. The audit is based on our six and half year experience.

Material And Methods: There were 11 (neo)esophageal communications, 9 direct injuries (iatrogenic and trauma), 8 endotracheal obstructions and 4 inflammatory processes requiring surgical intervention.

[Polytetrafluoroethylene graft in a long segment of the esophagus].

Treatment for long segment circular defects of the trachea still represent a challenge. Short-segment lesions can be treated with primary reconstruction. Segmental grafting is necessary if primary reconstruction is impossible.

[High-pressure air-blast injury of the esophagus].

Blast injuries causing pneumatic damage to the oesophagus are very rare. Patients usually present with respiratory distress, subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema, and may also have pneumothorax. Ruptures need early repair to avoid serious morbidity and potential lethal complications.