Implantation of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators from an ileofemoral approach.

Patients needing an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) system, but without suitable access from jugular or subclavian routes present a vexing problem. Such patients would normally undergo thoracotomy for epicardial lead placement. However, for patients who decline such an intervention, there have been no alternatives for them.