Identification of Parkinson's disease PACE subtypes and repurposing treatments through integrative analyses of multimodal data.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a serious neurodegenerative disorder marked by significant clinical and progression heterogeneity. This study aimed at addressing heterogeneity of PD through integrative analysis of various data modalities. We analyzed clinical progression data (≥5 years) of individuals with de novo PD using machine learning and deep learning, to characterize individuals' phenotypic progression trajectories for PD subtyping.

Recent advances in non-Huntington's disease choreas.

Introduction: Chorea is primarily due to an imbalance of basal ganglia output pathways, often due to dysfunction or degeneration of the caudate nucleus and putamen, and can be due to many causes.

Methods: We reviewed the recent literature to identify newly-recognized causes of chorea, including auto-immune, metabolic, and genetic. We also focused upon developments in mechanisms relating to underlying pathophysiology of certain genetic choreas and advances in therapeutics.

Diagnostic Uncertainties: Chorea.

Chorea is a hyperkinetic movement disorder with a multitude of potential etiologies, both acquired and inherited. Although the differential diagnosis for new-onset chorea is extensive, there are often clues in the history, exam, and basic testing that can help to narrow the options. Evaluation for treatable or reversible causes should take priority, as rapid diagnosis can lead to more favorable outcomes.

Clinical and Radiological Follow-Up of a Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Hemichorea-Hemiballismus; Insights Into Mechanisms of Basal Ganglia Dysfunction.

Asymmetric chorea unrelated to structural lesions is typically due to systemic etiologies, such as metabolic, autoimmune, or other inflammatory disorders. This is an editorial commenting on a paper by Batot C, Chea M, Zeidan S, et al. Clinical and radiological follow up of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine-induced hemichorea-hemiballismus.

One Side of the Story; Clues to Etiology in Patients with Asymmetric Chorea.

Background: Chorea can be due to a large number of etiologies. Unilateral chorea is classically related to a contralateral structural lesion, e.g.

Multi-Residency Implementation of an Online Movement Disorders Curriculum Based on Real Patient Videos.

Background: In-person didactic education in residency has numerous challenges including inconsistent availability of faculty and residents, limited engagement potential, and non-congruity with clinical exposure.

Methods: An online curriculum in movement disorders was implemented across nine neurology residency programs (six intervention, three control), with the objective to determine feasibility, acceptability, and knowledge growth from the curriculum. Residents in the intervention group completed ten modules and a survey.

Fatigue and fluid hydration status in multiple sclerosis: A hypothesis.

Background: Fatigue is a prevalent and functionally disabling symptom for individuals living with multiple sclerosis (MS) which is poorly understood and multifactorial in etiology. Bladder dysfunction is another common MS symptom which limits social engagement and quality of life. To manage bladder issues, individuals with MS tend to limit their fluid intake, which may contribute to a low-hydration (LoH) state and fatigue.

Case Report of Granulicatella adiacens as a Cause of Bacterascites.

Granulicatella adiacens is a Gram-positive coccus, formerly grouped with nutritionally variant Streptococcus, often found as commensal bacteria of the human oral cavity, urogenital tract, and gastrointestinal tract. Prior case reports have demonstrated Granulicatella spp. as a pathogen that can cause bacteremia and infective endocarditis particularly of prosthetic valves and pacemaker leads.