Young Children's Use of Smartphones and Tablets.

Background And Objectives: Child mobile device use is increasingly prevalent, but research is limited by parent-report survey methods that may not capture the complex ways devices are used. We aimed to implement mobile device sampling, a set of novel methods for objectively measuring child mobile device use.

Methods: We recruited 346 English-speaking parents and guardians of children aged 3 to 5 years to take part in a prospective cohort study of child media use.

The Impact of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Position on Prevalence of Diabetes and Prediabetes in Older Latinos: The Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging.

Diabetes is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Latinos, but few studies of disease risk in this subpopulation examine both area-level socioeconomic position (SEP) and its association with individual-level risk factors. This study sought to examine the cross-sectional relationship between neighborhood socioeconomic position (NSEP) and prevalent diabetes and prediabetes status among older Latinos. Longitudinal health data were collected from 1,789 participants in the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging (SALSA).

Natural selection in utero induced by mass layoffs: the hCG evidence.

Evolutionary theory, when coupled with research from epidemiology, demography, and population endocrinology, suggests that contracting economies affect the fitness and health of human populations via natural selection in utero. We know, for example, that fetal death increases more among males than females when the economy unexpectedly contracts; that unexpected economic contraction predicts low secondary sex ratios; and that males from low sex ratio birth cohorts live, on average, longer than those from high sex ratio cohorts. We also know that low levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (i.