Knowledge about sudden infant death syndrome prevention among postpartum women in Southern Brazil, 2019: a cross-sectional survey.

Objective: To assess knowledge on sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) prevention among postpartum women who received prenatal care in public and private services in Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in 2019.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with postpartum women who gave birth in that municipality in 2019; the outcome was the indication of incorrect sleeping position (side/supine position) to prevent SIDS; the chi-square test was used to compare proportions between those who underwent prenatal care in public and private services.

Results: Among all 2,195 postpartum women, 67.

ADHD in childhood predicts BMI and body composition measurements over time in a population-based birth cohort.

Background/objectives: Obesity has been reported as an attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comorbidity. So far, few studies have aimed to explore the potential causal relationship between ADHD and obesity, as well as used other measures of body composition like fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) as measures of obesity. This study aimed to test the association between ADHD and body composition (body mass index [BMI] and others) and to evaluate the potential causal relationship with obesity.

Correction to: Genetic algorithms identify individuals with high risk of severe liver disease caused by schistosomes.

In the original article publication, the affiliation of the author Ana Coutinho is incorrect.

Genetic algorithms identify individuals with high risk of severe liver disease caused by schistosomes.

Schistosomes induce severe hepatic disease, which is fatal in 2-10% of cases, mortality being higher in cases of co-infection with HBV or HCV. Hepatic disease occurs as a consequence of the chronic inflammation caused by schistosome eggs trapped in liver sinusoids. In certain individuals, the repair process leads to a massive accumulation of fibrosis in the periportal spaces.

Association between interferon lambda 3 rs12979860 polymorphism and clinical outcome in dengue virus-infected children.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in immune-related genes have been shown to play a role in driving the development of the severe phenotypes of dengue virus (DENV) infection. We assessed the association between IFNL3 gene SNP (rs12979860) and dengue clinical outcomes in children. Patients with dengue-related symptoms (aged 1-15 years) admitted at a public hospital in Northeast Brazil were invited to participate.

Growth from birth to adolescence and bone mineral density in young adults: The 1993 Pelotas birth cohort.

Background: The study examined the association of body size (weight and length) at birth and gain in height and weight during childhood and adolescence with areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in adulthood for women and men.

Methods: 756 members (335 men and 421 women) of the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth cohort were studied. Data on weight and length/height were obtained at birth and subsequent follow-ups at 1, 4, 11, 15, 18, and 22 years of age and specific z scores were calculated by sex.

Falls Among the Elderly in Peruvian Andean Communities and the Rural far South of Brazil: Prevalence and Associated Factors.

Falls are the fifth leading cause of death and are one of the main causes of hospitalization. The literature about falls prevalence among older adults living in rural/remote communities in South America is scarce. To compare falls prevalence among the elderly in the Andes, Peru, and in the rural area of the municipality of Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil.

Prevalence of obesity in rural and urban areas in Brazil: National Health Survey, 2013.

Objective: To investigate the role of the domiciliary situation in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity through the National Health Survey of 2013.

Methodology: General obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) and abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥ 102 cm in men and ≥ 88 cm in women) in rural and urban areas were described according to sex and macroregion. Crude and adjusted Poisson regression models were used to test the association between obesity and household situation, with the significance level of 5%.

Associations between body mass index, body composition and bone density in young adults: findings from a southern Brazilian cohort.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the association of body composition components and obesity with bone density.

Methods: Prospective study with data on 2968 members of the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort from follow-ups at 18 and 22 years of age. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD, g/cm) was evaluated for whole body, lumbar spine, and femoral neck at 22 years using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

The association between disrespect and abuse of women during childbirth and postpartum depression: Findings from the 2015 Pelotas birth cohort study.

Background: This study examined the association between disrespect and abuse of women during facility-based childbirth and postpartum depression (PD) occurrence.

Methods: We used data from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort, a population-based cohort of all live births in the city. We assessed 3065 mothers at pregnancy and 3-months after birth.

Prevalence and factors associated with illicit drug use throughout life: National School Health Survey 2015.

Introduction: The use of illicit drugs is a public health concern. This paper describes the prevalence and factors associated with the use of illicit drugs throughout life among 9th grade students attending public and private schools in daylight period in Brazil.

Method: Data from the Brazilian Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE) were analyzed.

Prenatal and postnatal maternal depression and infant hospitalization and mortality in the first year of life: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Prenatal and postnatal depression have been well studied in recent decades, but few studies address their relationship with hospitalization and mortality in one-year-old children.

Objective: Review the literature about the effects of maternal depression on hospitalization and mortality of the child from birth to one year of age and conduct a meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic search was performed in the PubMed and LILACS databases.

Psychoactive substance abuse and dependence and its association with anxiety disorders: a population-based study of young adults in Brazil.

Objective: To evaluate the association between abuse of and dependence on different psychoactive substances and the presence of anxiety disorders in a sample of young adults from a city in southern Brazil.

Methods: Between 2007 and 2009, we carried out a cross-sectional, population-based study of individuals aged 18-24 years who lived in Pelotas, a city in southern Brazil. We evaluated anxiety disorders using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.

Breastfeeding and neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Purpose Of Review: Breastfeeding has clear short-term benefits for child survival. Concerning its long-term consequences, it has been reported that subjects who had been breastfed would have a better performance in intelligence tests. In this review, we perused the recently published studies on the association of breastfeeding with developmental outcomes.

Early menarche and blood pressure in adulthood: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: It has been reported that early menarche is associated with high blood pressure and hypertension. However, some studies have failed to observe such association. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association of early menarche with hypertension and high blood pressure in adulthood.

Maternal Smoking in Pregnancy and Offspring Depression: a cross cohort and negative control study.

Previous reports suggest that offspring of mothers who smoke during pregnancy have greater risk of developing depression. However, it is unclear whether this is due to intrauterine effects. Using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) from the UK (N = 2,869), the Nord-Trøndelag health study (HUNT) from Norway (N = 15,493), the Pelotas 1982 Birth Cohort Study from Brazil (N = 2,626), and the Swedish Sibling Health Cohort (N = 258 sibling pairs), we compared associations of maternal smoking during pregnancy and mother's partner's smoking during pregnancy with offspring depression and performed a discordant sibling analysis.

Childhood maltreatment preceding depressive disorder at age 18 years: A prospective Brazilian birth cohort study.

Background: Childhood maltreatment is linked with increased risk for mental illness in adolescence and adulthood. However, little evidence is available on whether different forms of maltreatment have specific effects, and no prospective studies in low- or middle-income countries have addressed this issue.

Methods: Participants in a population-based, birth cohort study in Pelotas, Brazil (N=3715) self-reported exposure to maltreatment (emotional abuse, physical neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, domestic violence) in confidential questionnaires at age 15 years, and were assessed for major depression in interviews at age 18 years, using the MINI.

Associations of Linear Growth and Relative Weight Gain in Early Life with Human Capital at 30 Years of Age.

Objective: To assess the associations of birthweight, nutritional status and growth in childhood with IQ, years of schooling, and monthly income at 30 years of age.

Study Design: In 1982, the 5 maternity hospitals in Pelotas, Brazil, were visited daily and 5914 live births were identified. At 30 years of age, 3701 subjects were interviewed.

Association between perceived social support and anxiety in pregnant adolescents.

Objective:: To evaluate the association between perceived social support and anxiety disorders in pregnant adolescents.

Methods:: We conducted a cross-sectional study with a sample of 871 pregnant women aged 10 to 19 years who received prenatal care in the national public health care system in the urban area of Pelotas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. We assessed perceived social support and anxiety disorders using the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview.

Association of lactase persistence genotype with milk consumption, obesity and blood pressure: a Mendelian randomization study in the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort, with a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Milk intake has been associated with lower blood pressure (BP) in observational studies, and randomized controlled trials suggested that milk-derived tripeptides have BP-lowering effects. Milk intake has also been associated with body mass index (BMI). Nevertheless, it is unclear whether increasing milk consumption would reduce BP in the general population.

Gestational age and newborn size according to parental social mobility: an intergenerational cohort study.

Background: We examined the associations between socioeconomic trajectories from birth to adulthood and gestational age and birth size in the next generation, using linked data from two population-based birth cohorts carried out in a Brazilian city. By comparing socioeconomic trajectories of mothers and fathers, we attempted to identify-specific effects of maternal and paternal socioeconomic trajectory on offspring birth weight, birth length, head circumference and gestational age at birth.

Methods: 2 population-based birth cohort studies were carried out in 1982 and 2004 in Pelotas (Brazil); 156 mothers and 110 fathers from the earlier cohort had children in 2004.