Isochroman-3,4-dione and Tandem Aerobic Oxidation of 4-Bromoisochroman-3-one in the Highly Regio- and Diastereoselective Diels-Alder Reaction for the Construction of Bridged Polycyclic Lactones.

Herein we report two processes facilitated by diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) for the synthesis of novel bridged polycyclic molecule analogues to natural products. The use of 4-bromoisochroman-3-one initiated an autoxidation reaction, followed by a Diels-Alder cycloaddition in the presence of electron-deficient dienophiles. Mechanistic studies revealed isochromane-3,4-dione as a key intermediate, which undergoes in situ dienolization/dearomatization followed by a [4 + 2] cycloaddition.

Assessing healthcare workers' confidence level in diagnosing and managing emerging infectious virus of human mpox in hospitals in Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia: multicentre institution-based cross-sectional study.

Objective: To assess healthcare workers' (HCWs) confidence level in diagnosing and managing mpox disease and its associated factors in hospitals in the Amhara Region.

Design: Institution-based cross-sectional study.

Setting: Hospitals in the Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia.

Impact of specialized training for emergency department nurses screening or undetected HIV infection: the "Urgències VIHgila" project experience.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of specialized training for nurses on selective screening for undetected HIV infection in the emergency department.

Material And Methods: The intervention group was comprised of 6 emergency departments that had been participating in a screening program (the "Urgències VIHgila" project) for at least 3 months. Nurses on all shifts attended training sessions that emphasized understanding the circumstances that should lead to suspicion of unidentified HIV infection and the need to order serology.

Lactone Enolates of Isochroman-3-ones and 2-Coumaranones: Quantification of Their Nucleophilicity in DMSO and Conjugate Additions to Chalcones.

Owing to stereoelectronic effects, lactones often deviate in reactivity from their open-chain ester analogues as demonstrated by the CH acidity (in DMSO) of 3-isochromanone (p = 18.8) and 2-coumaranone (p = 13.5), which is higher than that of ethyl phenylacetate (p = 22.

The 3-(3-oxoisoindolin-1-yl)pentane-2,4-dione (ISOAC1) as a new molecule able to inhibit Amyloid β aggregation and neurotoxicity.

Amyloid β 1-42 (Aβ) protein aggregation is considered one of the main triggers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we examined the in vitro anti-amyloidogenic activity of the isoindolinone derivative 3-(3-oxoisoindolin-1-yl)pentane-2,4-dione (ISOAC1) and its neuroprotective potential against the Aβ toxicity. By performing the Thioflavin T fluorescence assay, Western blotting analyses, and Circular Dichroism experiments, we found that ISOAC1 was able to reduce the Aβ aggregation and conformational transition towards β-sheet structures.

How does obstructive sleep apnea alter cerebral hemodynamics?

Study Objectives: We aimed to characterize the cerebral hemodynamic response to obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea events, and evaluate their association to polysomnographic parameters. The characterization of the cerebral hemodynamics in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may add complementary information to further the understanding of the severity of the syndrome beyond the conventional polysomnography.

Methods: Severe OSA patients were studied during night sleep while monitored by polysomnography.

Correction: Monaco et al. Chiral Phase Transfer Catalysis in the Asymmetric Synthesis of a 3,3-Disubstituted Isoindolinone and Determination of Its Absolute Configuration by VCD Spectroscopy. 2020, , 2272.

In this note, we report a correction to the published article, , , 2272 [...

Asymmetric Organocatalytic Mannich Reaction in the Synthesis of Hybrid Isoindolinone-Pyrazole and Isoindolinone-Aminal from Functionalized α-Amidosulfone.

The investigation of the reactivity of an α-amido sulfone derived from 2-formyl benzoate under organocatalytic conditions in the presence of acetylacetone allowed the synthesis of a new heterocyclic hybrid isoindolinone-pyrazole with high enantiomeric excess. Dibenzylamine was also used as a nucleophile to afford an isoindolinone with aminal substituent in 3-position in suitable selectivity. The use of Takemoto's bifunctional organocatalyst not only led to observed enantioselectivity but was also important in accomplishing the cyclization step in both cases.

A facile access to 1-substituted and unsubstituted 3-isoquinolinones Mannich or Sn2 initiated cascade reactions under catalyst-free conditions.

Herein we report new cascade processes for the easy access to 1-substituted and C-unsubstituted 3-isoquinolinones. The Mannich initiated cascade reaction led to the synthesis of novel 1-substituted 3-isoquinolinones under catalyst-free conditions in the presence of nitromethane and dimethylmalonate as nucleophiles without the use of any solvent. The optimization of the synthesis of the starting material in a more environmentally benign manner, allowed the identification of a common intermediate useful for the synthesis of C-unsubstituted 3-isoquinolinones as well.

Influence of sugarcane bagasse on degradability, rumen characteristics, nutrients digestibility, blood parameters and milk production of lactating buffaloes.

This study aimed to evaluate the use of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) as exclusive roughage in lactating buffaloes on digestibility, milk production and composition, and microbial protein. dry matter digestion (IVDMD) and organic matter digestion (IVOMD) for SCB as a replacement for barley straw (BS) of the control ration have been determined. experiment, 55 lactating buffaloes were randomly assigned into five groups.

Hyaluronic Acid in Biomedical Fields: New Trends from Chemistry to Biomaterial Applications.

The aim of this review is to give an updated perspective about the methods for chemical modifications of hyaluronic acid (HA) toward the development of new applications in medical devices and material engineering. After a brief introduction on chemical, structural and biological features of this important natural polysaccharide, the most important methods for chemical and physical modifications are disclosed, discussing both on the formation of new covalent bonds and the interaction with other natural polysaccharides. These strategies are of paramount importance in the production of new medical devices and materials with improved properties.

Scalable (Enantioselective) Syntheses of Novel 3-Methylated Analogs of Pazinaclone, ()-PD172938 and Related Biologically Relevant Isoindolinones.

Herein, we report the application of an efficient and practical KCO promoted cascade reaction of 2-acetylbenzonitrile in the synthesis of novel 3-methylated analogs of Pazinaclone and PD172938, belonging to isoindolinones heterocyclic class bearing a tetrasubstituted stereocenter. Organocatalytic asymmetric synthesis of the key intermediate and its transformation into highly enantioenriched 3-methylated analog of ()-PD172938 was also developed. These achievements can be of particular interest also for medicinal chemistry, since the methyl group is a very useful structural modification in the rational design of new and more effective bioactive compounds.

Asymmetric Cascade Aza-Henry/Lactamization Reaction in the Highly Enantioselective Organocatalytic Synthesis of 3-(Nitromethyl)isoindolin-1-ones from α-Amido Sulfones.

The asymmetric synthesis of novel 3-substituted isoindolinones is herein reported. A new cascade reaction was developed that consisted of the asymmetric nitro-Mannich reaction of suitable α-amido sulfones designed from 2-formyl benzoates, followed by the cyclization of the adducts. Very high enantioselectivities, up to 98% ee, and very good yields were obtained in the presence of the readily available neutral bifunctional organocatalyst derived from -1,2-diaminocyclohexane, which is known as Takemoto's catalyst.

Editor's Choice - Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Normal Infrarenal Aortic Diameter in the General Worldwide Population and Changes in Recent Decades.

Objective: To analyse the characteristics of normal infrarenal aortic diameter (AD) in the general worldwide population, to examine changes over time, and to investigate geographical differences.

Data Sources: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science.

Review Methods: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published up to October 2020 describing infrarenal AD measured by ultrasound in the general adult population.

Access to β-Alkylated γ-Functionalized Ketones via Conjugate Additions to Arylideneisoxazol-5-ones and Mo(CO)-Mediated Reductive Cascade Reactions.

1,4-Conjugate addition of ((chloromethyl)sulfonyl)benzenes to arylideneisoxazol-5-ones, followed by one-pot, N-selective trapping in the presence of electrophiles, was investigated. This strategy led to the synthesis of new, stable N-protected isoxazol-5-ones in good yields and high diastereolectivity. The study of the reactivity of obtained products in the presence of the Mo(CO)/HO system allowed the development of a cascade reaction leading to novel methyl ketones in high yields and unchanged dr bearing an uncommon chloromethinearylsulfonyl end group.

Synergistic Properties of Arabinogalactan (AG) and Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Sodium Salt Mixtures.

The properties of mixtures of two polysaccharides, arabinogalactan (AG) and hyaluronic acid (HA), were investigated in solution by the measurement of diffusion coefficients of water protons by DOSY (Diffusion Ordered SpectroscopY), by the determination of viscosity and by the investigation of the affinity of a small molecule molecular probe versus AG/HA mixtures in the presence of bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM) by HNMR spectroscopy. Enhanced mucoadhesive properties, decreased mobility of water and decreased viscosity were observed at the increase of AG/HA ratio and of total concentration of AG. This unusual combination of properties can lead to more effective and long-lasting hydration of certain tissues (inflamed skin, dry eye corneal surface, etc.

Building Capacity Through ICCPR Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Foundations Certification (CRFC): EVALUATION OF REACH, BARRIERS, AND IMPACT.

Purpose: The International Council of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ICCPR) developed an online Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Foundations Certification (CRFC; https://globalcardiacrehab.com/Certification) in October 2017, to build cardiac rehabilitation (CR) delivery capacity in low-resource settings based on their guidelines. Herein we evaluate its reach globally, barriers to its completion, as well as satisfaction and impact of the course among those completing it.

Base-Promoted Cascade Reactions for the Synthesis of 3,3-Dialkylated Isoindolin-1-ones and 3-Methyleneisoindolin-1-ones.

Cascade reactions of -carbonyl-substituted benzonitriles with ((chloromethyl)sulfonyl)benzenes as pronucleophiles led to new isoindolin-1-ones with a tetrasubstituted C-3 position or to ()-3-(sulfonyl-methylene)isoindolin-1-ones. The reactions start from readily available materials, are carried out under mild conditions, and do not require metal catalysis. Promoted only by the cheap and environmentally benign KCO as the base, up to six elemental steps can be combined in a single pot.

Million Hearts Cardiac Rehabilitation Think Tank: Accelerating New Care Models.

This article describes the October 2020 proceedings of the Million Hearts Cardiac Rehabilitation Think Tank: Accelerating New Care Models, convened with representatives from professional organizations, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs, academic institutions, federal agencies, payers, and patient representative groups. As CR delivery evolves, terminology is evolving to reflect not where activities occur (eg, center, home) but how CR is delivered: in-person synchronous, synchronous with real-time audiovisual communication (virtual), or asynchronous (remote). Patients and CR staff may interact through ≥1 delivery modes.

E-Learning for Population Health Management: An Educational Innovation to Prepare Student and Practicing Nurses for Value-Based Care.

To educate nursing students and practicing registered nurses about population health management (PHM), a team of faculty and PHM clinical leaders created an innovative, scalable, turnkey ready, multimedia e-learning module. The module has four lessons; takes approximately three hours to complete; and can be accessed using a weblink from computers, smart phones, and tablets. The module engages learners with videos, flashcards, case studies, and a variety of interactive knowledge checks.

Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cardiac Rehabilitation Delivery around the World.

Background: We investigated impacts of COVID-19 on cardiac rehabilitation (CR) delivery around the globe, including virtual delivery, as well as effects on providers and patients.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a piloted survey was administered to CR programs globally via REDCap from April to June 2020. The 50 members of the International Council of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ICCPR) and personal contacts facilitated program identification.

Seroprevalence of brucellosis in sheep and goats in the Arabian Gulf region.

Background And Aim: Brucellosis is a zoonosis that occurs worldwide. There were more efforts to control brucellosis in all countries. This study was performed to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in sheep and goats in some areas in the Arabian Gulf.

Chiral Phase Transfer Catalysis in the Asymmetric Synthesis of a 3,3-Disubstituted Isoindolinone and Determination of Its Absolute Configuration by VCD Spectroscopy.

In this work we report our endeavors toward the development of an asymmetric synthesis of a 3,3-disubstituted isoindolinone, dimethyl 2-(1-methyl-3-oxoisoindolin-1-yl)malonate, via asymmetric cascade reaction of 2-acetylbenzonitrile with dimethylmalonate and the determination of its absolute configuration (AC) by vibrational circular dichroism (VCD). Bifunctional ammonium salts, derived from 1,2-cyclohexanediamine in combination with inorganic bases under phase transfer conditions, were the most effective catalytic systems, leading to the target in high yields and moderate enantioselectivity. An efficient process of heterochiral crystallization allowed the increase of the enantiopurity up to 96% ee and in an acceptable overall yield.

An effective method for the determination of the enantio-purity of L-α-glycerophosphocholine (L-α-GPC).

Herein we describe for the first time a practical analytical method for determining the enantio-purity of L-α-glycerophosphocholine (L-α-GPC) by chiral derivatization. The use of a suitable chiral boronic acid allowed the formation of a mixture of two diastereomeric boronate esters whose ratio, carefully analyzed by HNMR spectroscopy, reflects L-α-GPC enantiomeric excesses. The determination of the enantiopurity of L-α-GPC furnishes convincing correlations with its manufacturing process.

Early Termination of Cardiac Rehabilitation Is More Common With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction Than With Ischemic Heart Disease.

Purpose: Despite known benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), early termination (failure to complete >1 mo of CR) attenuates these benefits. We analyzed whether early termination varied by referral indication in the context of recent growth in patients referred for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

Methods: We reviewed records from 1111 consecutive patients enrolled in the NYU Langone Health Rusk CR program (2013-2017).