Effects of combo therapy with coenzyme Q10 and mitochondrial transplantation on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in aged rats.

Objectives: Ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-induced ventricular arrhythmia, which mainly occurs after the opening of coronary artery occlusion, poses a clinical problem. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of pretreatment with coenzyme Q (CoQ) in combination with mitochondrial transplantation on IR-induced ventricular arrhythmias in aged rats.

Materials And Methods: Myocardial IR induction was performed by left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion for 30 min, followed by re-opening for 24 hr.

The next generation of physician-researchers: undergraduate medical students' and residents' attitudes, challenges, and approaches towards addressing them.

Background: Undergraduate medical education and residency training are critical periods for conducting research. Medical diagnoses and therapies are direct results of successful research efforts that have advanced several scientific fields. This review highlights the importance of incorporating scientific research training into the curricula of undergraduate medical education and residency programs.

Superior Anti-arrhythmogenic Effect of Combined Conditioning with Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and Ubiquinol in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Aged Rats.

Purpose: Lethal ventricular arrhythmias are a significant clinical concern following reperfusion therapies in elderly patients with myocardial infarction. The combination of multi-target therapies to achieve optimal anti-arrhythmogenesis and improve the chances of successful translation for patient benefit has prompted considerable interest. This study examined the anti-arrhythmic effect of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)/ubiquinol combination treatment following myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury in aged rats, with an emphasis on the role of oxidative stress and nitric oxide (NO).

Effect of Eucalyptus globulus and Ferula assafoetida essential oils and their nanoformulations on the life table parameters of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae).

One of the most damaging pests of agricultural crops across the globe is the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. A wide variety of arthropods and plant pathogens can be controlled by essential oils, which are secondary metabolites produced by plants. It is possible to enhance the stability as well as the anti-pest efficiency of plant essential oils by encapsulation.

Cardioprotective effect of antioxidant combination therapy: A highlight on MitoQ plus alpha-lipoic acid beneficial impact on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in aged rats.

Objective: (s): Considering the poor prognosis of ischemic heart disease and the diminished effectiveness of cardioprotective interventions in the elderly, it becomes necessary to investigate the interaction of aging with protection during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). This study was conducted to assess the impact of mitoquinone (MitoQ) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) preconditioning on cardioprotection following IRI in aged rats.

Methods: Fifty aged male Wistar rats (22-24 months old) were divided into five groups including Sham, IR, and treatment groups receiving ALA and/or MitoQ.

Impact of combined alpha-lipoic acid and mitoquinone supplementation on myocardial infarction in aged rats: Heart performance and molecular mechanisms.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of combined alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) and mitoquinone (Mito Q) supplementation on cardiac function and the underlying mechanisms in aged rats with myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: The aged rats underwent left anterior descending artery (LADA) occlusion for 30 min, followed by reperfusion for 24 h. ALA (100 mg/kg, gavage) and Mito Q (10 mg/kg, IP) were administered daily for two weeks before ischemia.

Mitochondrial transplantation combined with coenzyme Q induces cardioprotection and mitochondrial improvement in aged male rats with reperfusion injury.

Ischaemic heart diseases (IHD) are among the major causes of mortality in the elderly population. Although timely reperfusion is a common treatment for IHD, it causes additional damage to the ischaemic myocardium known as ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Considering the importance of preventing reperfusion injuries, we aimed to examine the combination effect of mitochondrial transplantation (MT) and coenzyme Q (CoQ ) in myocardial IR injury of aged male rats.

Effect of troxerutin on the expression of genes regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and microRNA-140 in doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity.

Background: Application of doxorubicin (DOX) in cancer patients is limited due to its dose-dependent toxicity to nontarget tissues such as testis and subsequent infertility. Due to limitation of our knowledge about the mechanisms of DOX toxicity in the reproductive system, reduction of DOX-induced testicular toxicity remains an actual and primary clinical challenge. Considering the potentials of troxerutin (TXR) in generating a protective phenotype in many tissues, we aimed to examine the effect of TXR on DOX-induced testicular toxicity by evaluating the histological changes and the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis genes and microRNA-140 (miR-140).

Mitoprotective effect of mesenchymal stem cells-derived conditioned medium in myocardial reperfusion injury of aged rats: role of SIRT-1/PGC-1α/NRF-2 network.

Background: The aged myocardium experiences various forms of stress that cause reduction of its tolerance to injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Developing effective cardioprotective modalities to prevent the amplification of I/R injury during aging is under focus of investigation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to regenerate infarcted myocardium mostly by producing multiple secretory factors.

Mitochondria-targeted combination treatment strategy counteracts myocardial reperfusion injury of aged rats by modulating autophagy and inflammatory response.

Background: Aging, as a recognized risk factor for ischemic heart disease, interferes with protective mechanisms and abolishes the optimal effectiveness of cardioprotective interventions, leading to the loss of cardioprotection following myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study was designed to explore the possible interaction of aging with cardioprotection induced by combination therapy with coenzyme Q (CoQ) and mitochondrial transplantation in myocardial I/R injury of aged rats.

Methods: Male Wistar rats (n = 72, 400-450 g, 22-24 months old) were randomized into groups with/without I/R and/or CoQ and mitochondrial transplantation, alone or in a combinational mode.

The additive effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide and melatonin on mitochondrial biogenesis and fission/fusion, autophagy, and microRNA-499 in the aged rat heart with reperfusion injury.

The prognosis of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is poor in elderly patients. Aging increases the susceptibility of the heart to cell death from I/R injury and prevents the optimal effectiveness of cardioprotective modalities. Since the interaction of aging with cardioprotection is multifactorial, combination therapy may overcome the above-mentioned burden through correcting various components of the injury.

Melatonin/nicotinamide mononucleotide/ubiquinol: a cocktail providing superior cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury in a common co-morbidities modelled rat.

Background: The metabolic and intracellular abnormalities in aging and diabetes cause loss of cardioprotection by routine interventions against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We aimed to evaluate the possible interaction of aging and type-2 diabetes mellitus with cardioprotection and the potential protective effect of a mitochondrial cocktail (melatonin/nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)/ubiquinol) on myocardial I/R injury in aged diabetic rats.

Methods: Male Wistar rats (n = 108, 22-24 months old, 400-450 g) received high-fat diet/low dose of streptozotocin to induce type-2 diabetes, then were randomized into 9 groups of 12 rats each with/without I/R and/or melatonin, NMN, and ubiquinol, alone or in dual or triple combinations.

Mitochondrial transplantation protects against sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction by modulating mitochondrial biogenesis and fission/fusion and inflammatory response.

Background: Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction is associated with worse clinical outcomes and high mortality, but no effective therapeutic intervention has been explored, reinforcing the urgent need to develop innovative strategies. Mitochondrial dysfunction underlies the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. Herein, we assessed the effect of mitochondrial transplantation on sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction in a rat model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis.

Protective and deleterious effects of autophagy in the setting of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: an overview.

Introduction:  Autophagy is known as a conserved mechanism in order to preserve cell survival under various stress conditions via maintaining cellular homeostasis. Although autophagy is active in the heart at baseline and plays a critical role in cell survival, inappropriate activation of autophagy following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury leads to cell death.

Main Text: The distinct functions of autophagy in myocardial I/R injury condition have been examined in numerous studies, however, contradicting results have been achieved in this field.

Combination of nicotinamide mononucleotide and troxerutin induces full protection against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by modulating mitochondrial biogenesis and inflammatory response.

Background: Clinical application of doxorubicin (DOX) is restricted due to its cardiotoxicity, reinforcing the significance of exploring new strategies to counteract DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. The present work aimed to investigate the ameliorative impact of combination therapy with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and troxerutin (TXR) on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, with mitochondrial function/biogenesis and inflammatory response approach.

Methods: Male Wistar rats (n = 30, 250-300 g) were divided into groups with/without DOX and/or NMN and TXR, alone or in combination.

An Overview on Mitochondrial-Based Therapies in Sepsis-Related Myocardial Dysfunction: Mitochondrial Transplantation as a Promising Approach.

Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ failure due to dysregulated host response to infection. Despite current advances in our knowledge about sepsis, it is still considered as a major global health challenge. Myocardial dysfunction is a well-defined manifestation of sepsis which is related to worse outcomes in septic patients.

Alpha-lipoic acid potentiates the anti-arrhythmic effects of ischemic postconditioning in the setting of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetic rats.

Background: Prevention of lethal ventricular arrhythmias induced by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in diabetic patients is the major goal of cardioprotective strategies. Here, we aimed to examine the anti-arrhythmic effect of ischemic postconditioning (IPostC) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) in myocardial I/R injury of type-II diabetic rats, focusing on the involvement of connexin-43 and nitric oxide (NO) in this context.

Methods: Diabetes (duration of 12 weeks) was induced by high-fat diet and low dose of streptozotocin in thirty male Wistar rats (12 weeks old, 200-250 g).

New open-source software for gamma-ray spectra analysis.

Many commercially available software packages have been created to analyze gamma-ray spectra, but their source code has generally not been shared, although some users may wish to add or modify certain functionality, which is impossible without access to the source code. This study therefore presents a new open-source software package for the analysis of gamma-ray spectra. The name of the software is GSA (Gamma-ray Spectra Analysis), the source code of which is freely available through the GitHub website (https://github.

Validation of a Bayesian Diagnostic and Inferential Model for Evidence-Based Neuropsychological Practice.

Objective: Evidence-based diagnostic methods have clinical and research applications in neuropsychology. A flexible Bayesian model was developed to yield diagnostic posttest probabilities from a single person's neuropsychological score profile by utilizing sample descriptive statistics of the test battery across diagnostic populations of interest.

Methods: Three studies examined the model's performance.

Alpha-lipoic acid preconditioning plus ischemic postconditioning provides additional protection against myocardial reperfusion injury of diabetic rats: modulation of autophagy and mitochondrial function.

Background: Investigating the interaction of diabetes with ischemic postconditioning (IPostC)-associated cardioprotection in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage is of great clinical importance. The present work was designed to determine the possible synergistic effects of alpha-lipoic acid (LA) preconditioning and IPostC on myocardial I/R damage in type-II diabetic rats through modulating autophagy, and the involvement of mitochondrial function.

Methods: High-fat diet/low dose of streptozotocin-induced type-II diabetic model with duration of 12 weeks was used in this study.

The potentials of distinct functions of autophagy to be targeted for attenuation of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in preclinical studies: an up-to-date review.

Despite remarkable advances in our knowledge about the function of autophagy in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, the debate continues over whether autophagy is protective or deleterious in cardiac I/R. Due to the complexity of autophagy signaling, autophagy can play a dual role in the pathological processes of myocardial I/R injury. Thus, more researches are needed to shed light on the complex roles of autophagy in cardioprotection for the future clinical development.

Neutron guide optimization for the Moroccan PGAA system.

The Moroccan TRIGA Mark II research reactor is to be equipped with a PGAA (Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis) facility to assist the country's progression in socioeconomic areas such as the environment and geochemistry, agriculture, health, industry, cultural heritage, and human sciences. The requirements of the PGAA facility include a very high thermal to fast neutron flux ratio and a focused, thin beam. Supermirror neutron guides are generally used to meet such requirements due to their ability to reflect neutrons with a specific energy and scattering angle.

Modulation of autophagy as the target of mesenchymal stem cells-derived conditioned medium in rat model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Human amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cells-derived conditioned medium (hAM-MSCs-CM) has positive effects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. However, it needs further investigations how hAM-MSCs-CM leads to the cell survival under MI/R via modulation of autophagy. The purpose of this study is investigating the effects of hAM-MSCs-CM in a rat model of MI/R injury by focusing on the role of autophagy as one of its possible mechanisms.

Modeling and simulating the induced effect on the steel collimator plug used in the PGAA facility of the Moroccan TRIGA Mark-II reactor under different neutron irradiation levels.

The main objective of this study is to assess the behavior of the steel collimator plug (steel plug) dedicated to the Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis (PGAA) facility in the neutron beam tube (NB1) of the 2 MW Moroccan TRIGA Mark-II research reactor. The main function of this steel plug is to reduce the neutron and gamma beam cross section from 15 cm to 5 cm in diameter. This steel plug plays a crucial role in reactor safety because it replaces the original neutron beam plug while also stopping the entire incoming neutron beam.

Human amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by targeting oxidative stress.

Objectives: Ischemic heart diseases (IHD) are one of the major causes of death worldwide. Studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells can secrete and release conditioned medium (CM) which has biological activities and can repair tissue injury. This study aimed to investigate the effects of human amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cells (hAMCs)-CM on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats by targeting oxidative stress.