Effect of Potassium Deficiency on Physiological Responses and Anatomical Structure of Basil, L.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a variable supply of potassium to culture medium on physiological and anatomical parameters (histological sections at the third internode) in basil, . Thirty-four-day-old plants grown on basic nutrient medium were divided into four batches and grown on media with varying doses of potassium: 0.375 mM, 0.

Phytochemical Characterization and Bioactivity of : A Focus on Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Lipase Inhibitory and Antimicrobial Activities.

The phytochemical composition of leaves, stems, pericarps and rhizomes ethanolic extracts of were characterized by HPLC-DAD-MS. samples contain at least eleven simple phenolics, one flavonon, two flavonols and six steroidal saponins. The stem extracts showed the highest total phenolic acid and flavonoid contents, where cafeic acid and rutin were the main compounds.

Host plant defenses of black (Solanum nigrum L.) and red nightshade ( Solanum villosum Mill.) against specialist Solanaceae herbivore Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say).

Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum, S. nigrum L.) and red nightshade ( Solanum villosum, S.

The phytochemical and bioactivity profiles of wild Asparagus albus L. plant.

The ethanolic extracts from the leaves, pericarps and rhizomes of Asparagus albus L. were investigated for their phytochemical composition, antioxidant (DPPH and FRAP assays), anti-microbial against human pathogenic isolates and cytotoxic (human colon carcinoma HCT-116 cells) activities. The highest flavonoid content was obtained in the leaf extract followed by the pericarp but there were no flavonoids detected in the rhizome.

Decision-making criteria for plant-species selection for phytostabilization: Issues of biodiversity and functionality.

In polluted protected areas, using phytoremediation raises the question of the choice of the plant species to select. As an example, Atriplex halimus has been identified as a proliferative plant species that needs to be eradicated in the Calanques National Park (PNCal). Since it has been proven that the spontaneous populations of this plant species could phytostabilize shore waste deposits generated by past industrial activities within the PNCal territory, its status seems controversial, presenting a dilemma between biodiversity management of a protected area and ecological solutions for pollution management.

The interaction between foliar GA application and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation improves growth in salinized tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants by modifying the hormonal balance.

The agriculture industry is frequently affected by various abiotic stresses limiting plant productivity. To decrease the negative effect of salinity and improve growth performance, some strategies have been used, such as exogenous application of plant growth regulators (i.e.

Antioxidant and selective anticancer activities of two Euphorbia species in human acute myeloid leukemia.

In this study, two Euphorbia species (i.e. terracina and paralias) were investigated for their cytotoxic and antioxidant activities.

Phenolic content, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Tunisian Diplotaxis simplex (Brassicaceae).

This study investigates the polyphenol content of Diplotaxis simplex extract and the biological activities of the main organ. The analysed extracts showed that polyphenol contents varied considerably as a function of organs. Furthermore, novel biological activities of this species were assessed.

Salt stress mitigation by seed priming with UV-C in lettuce plants: growth, antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds.

Seeds of Lactuca sativa L. 'Romaine' were subjected to priming treatments with UV-C radiation at 0.85 or 3.

How does iron deficiency disrupt the electron flow in photosystem I of lettuce leaves?

The changes observed photosystem I activity of lettuce plants exposed to iron deficiency were investigated. Photooxidation/reduction kinetics of P700 monitored as ΔA820 in the presence and absence of electron transport inhibitors and acceptors demonstrated that deprivation in iron decreased the population of active photo-oxidizable P700. In the complete absence of iron, the addition of plant inhibitors (DCMU and MV) could not recover the full PSI activity owing to the abolition of a part of P700 centers.

Variability of phenolic content and antioxidant activity of two lettuce varieties under Fe deficiency.

Background: Fe deficiency affects food growth and quality in calcareous soils. In this study, the effect of Fe deficiency on growth parameters, phenolic content and antioxidant capacities of two lettuce shoots varieties (Romaine and Vista) were investigated.

Results: Fresh matter production, pigment (chlorophyll and carotenoid) and Fe2+ content were significantly reduced by Fe deficiency in both varieties.

Salt effect on phenolics and antioxidant activities of Tunisian and Canadian sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) shoots.

Background: Two varieties of Origanum majorana (Canadian and Tunisian) were evaluated for their phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents, individual phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities under NaCl constraint.

Results: The results showed a significant variability in phenolic composition and antioxidant behavior between the two varieties under salt stress. The phenolic composition of methanolic extracts was determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

Salt effects on Origanum majorana fatty acid and essential oil composition.

Background: The effects of salt on the essential oil yield and fatty acid composition of aerial parts of two marjoram varieties were investigated. Plants with 6 leaves were treated with NaCl (75mM).

Results: Salt treatment led to a reduction in aerial part growth.

Inhibition of photosystems I and II activities in salt stress-exposed Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum).

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seedlings were exposed to increasing NaCl concentrations in the growth medium to examine the effect of salt stress on the electron transport reactions of photosynthesis. Activities of both photosystem II (PSII), measured by chlorophyll fluorescence, and photosystem I (PSI), measured by P700 photooxidation, were decreased by salt stress. The inhibition proceeded in a two step manner.

Inhibition of photosynthetic oxygen evolution and electron transfer from the quinone acceptor QA- to QB by iron deficiency.

The effect of iron deficiency on photosynthetic electron transport in Photosystem II (PS II) was studied in leaves and thylakoid membranes of lettuce (Lactuca sativa, Romaine variety) plants. PS II electron transport was characterized by oxygen evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Iron deficiency in the culture medium was shown to affect water oxidation and the advancement of the S-states.

The impact of genotype and salinity on physiological function, secondary metabolite accumulation, and antioxidative responses in lettuce.

Salinity inhibits plant growth due to osmotic and ionic effects. However, little is known about the impact of genotype and salinity on biochemical and molecular processes in the leafy vegetable lettuce. We report here evaluations of two lettuce types, Verte (NaCl tolerant) and Romaine (NaCl sensitive), under iso-osmotic 100 mM NaCl and 77 mM Na(2)SO(4) treatments.

Comparative effect of potassium on K and Na uptake and transport in two accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana during salinity stress.

Potassium-sodium interaction was compared in two natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana, Columbia-0 and NOK2. Seedlings were grown in the presence of 0 or 50 mM NaCl and 0.1; 0.

Long-term effects of mild salt stress on growth, ion accumulation and superoxide dismutase expression of Arabidopsis rosette leaves.

Arabidopsis thaliana plants (wild-type accessions Col and N1438) were submitted to a prolonged, mild salt stress using two types of protocols. These protocols allowed salt-treated plants to absorb nutrients either through a part of their root system maintained in control medium (split-rooted plants) or during episodes on control medium alternating with salt application (salt alternation experiment). Full-salt treatments (salt applied continuously to whole root system) resulted in severe (but non-lethal) growth inhibition.

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of chickpea rhizobia isolated from different areas of Tunisia.

Several phenotypic markers were used in this study to determine the biodiversity of rhizobial strains nodulating Cicer arietinum L. in various areas of Tunisia. They include symbiotic traits, the use of 21 biochemical substrates, and tolerance to salinity and pH.

Genotypic variability within Tunisian grapevine varieties (Vitis vinifera L.) facing bicarbonate-induced iron deficiency.

Morpho-physiological responses to bicarbonate-induced Fe deficiency were investigated in five Vitis vinifera L. Tunisian varieties (Khamri, Blanc3, Arich Dressé, Beldi, and Balta4). One-month-old woody cuttings were cultivated for 85days on a free calcareous soil irrigated with tap water containing increasing bicarbonate levels (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16mM NaHCO(3)).

Efficiency of biochemical protection against toxic effects of accumulated salt differentiates Thellungiella halophila from Arabidopsis thaliana.

Thellungiella halophila and Arabidopsis thaliana were irrigated with medium containing NaCl at various concentrations. The salt treatment resulted in a restriction of rosette biomass deposition in both species. In A.

Effects of NaCl on the growth, ion accumulation and photosynthetic parameters of Thellungiella halophila.

Thellungiella halophila seedlings grown on a solid substrate for 25 days on standard medium were challenged with NaCl. Growth, tissue hydration, ion accumulation, photosynthesis, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymatic activities were studied on rosette leaves. Three accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana were cultivated under the same conditions.

Effect of salinity on root-nodule conductance to the oxygen diffusion in the Cicer arietinum-Mesorhizobium ciceri symbiosis.

Nodule conductance to O2 diffusion has been involved as a major factor of the inhibition of N2 fixation by soil salinity that severely reduces the production of grain legumes. In order to determine the effect of this constraint on the nodule conductance, oxygen uptake by the nodulated roots of Cicer arietinum was measured by recording the concentration of O2 as a function of pO2 in a gas-tight incubator. After germination and inoculation with the strain Mesorhizobium ciceri UPMCa7, the varieties Amdoun 1 and INRAT 93-1 were hydroponically grown in a glasshouse on 1L glass bottles filled with nutrient solution containing 25 mM NaCl.

Differences in responses to iron deficiency between two legumes: lentil (Lens culinaris) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum).

Two legumes, lentil and chickpea, were cultivated in nutrient solutions: Fe lacking or containing 30 microM Fe. After 12 days of Fe starvation, lentil showed a severe yellowing of young leaves, a large decrease in chlorophyll concentration, and a significant decline of plant biomass. Chickpea showed a better response than did lentil, primarily due to a stronger acidification capacity.

Physiological responses of Tunisian grapevine varieties to bicarbonate-induced iron deficiency.

Plants are frequently submitted to iron deficiency when growing on calcareous soils, which contain high concentrations of bicarbonate. The purpose of this study was to investigate the variability of physiological responses of Tunisian grapevine varieties to bicarbonate-induced iron chlorosis. Vine woodcuttings of seven autochthonous Tunisian varieties (Khamri, Mahdaoui, Blan3, Saouadi, Arich Dressé, Beldi and Balta4), two rootstocks (140Ru and S.