Evaluation of the Efficiency of Ethanol Precipitation and Ultrafiltration on the Purification and Characteristics of Exopolysaccharides Produced by Three Lactic Acid Bacteria.

Exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by three Lactic Acid Bacteria strains, SLT10, C7, and B3, were isolated using two methods: ethanol precipitation (EPS-ETOH) and ultrafiltration (EPS-UF) through a 10 KDa cut-off membrane. EPS recovery by ultrafiltration was higher than ethanol precipitation for SLT10 and C7. However, it was similar with both methods for B3.

Effect of temperature on the electrical properties of lanthanum ferrite.

Electric and dielectric properties of lanthanum ferrite were investigated by the alternating current impedance spectroscopy. Results reveal that LaFeO exhibits a non-Debye type relaxation. High values of ε' were obtained at low frequency.

CoSnO nanoparticles as a high performance catalyst for oxidative degradation of rhodamine B dye and pentachlorophenol by activation of peroxymonosulfate.

Spinel CoSnO nanoparticles are synthesized by a facile hydrothermal route in alkaline solution using SnCl and CoCl as precursors. The structure, morphology and chemical composition of the nanoparticles are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The catalytic performance of the CoSnO nanoparticles is thoroughly evaluated for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for removal of rhodamine B (RhB) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) from water.

Hydrothermal synthesis of ZTO/graphene nanocomposite with excellent photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation.

A facile and efficient one-step hydrothermal approach for the synthesis of Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles/reduced graphene oxide (ZTO/rGO) nanocomposites using zinc acetate, tin chloride and graphene oxide (GO) as precursors, and sodium hydroxide as reducing agent has been developed. This approach allows simultaneous reduction of GO and growth of spinel ZTO nanoparticles (NPs) on the rGO sheets. The morphology and microstructure characterizations of ZTO/rGO nanocomposites revealed that this method leads to close interfacial contact of ZTO NPs and rGO and efficient dispersion of ZTO NPs on the surface of rGO sheets.

Hydrothermal synthesis, phase structure, optical and photocatalytic properties of Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles.

Zinc stannate (Zn2SnO4 or ZTO) nanoparticles were synthesized via hydrothermal method using NaOH as a mineralizer. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) of the synthesized ZTO nanoparticles revealed the formation of highly pure ZTO phase with the spinel-like structure. The nanoparticles have spherical shape with an average size of about 25 nm.

Silver europium(III) polyphosphate.

Europium(III) silver polyphosphate, AgEu(PO(3))(4), was prepared by the flux method. The atomic arrangement is built up by infinite (PO(3))(n) chains (periodicity of 4) extending along the c axis. These chains are joined to each other by EuO(8) dodeca-hedra.

LiHo(PO(3))(4).

Lithium holmium(III) polyphosphate(V), LiHo(PO(3))(4), belongs to the type I of polyphosphates with general formula ALn(PO(3))(4), where A is a monovalent cation and Ln is a trivalent rare earth cation. In the crystal structure, the polyphosphate chains spread along the b-axis direction, with a repeat period of four tetra-hedra and 2(1) inter-nal symmetry. The Li and Ho atoms are both located on twofold rotation axes and are surrounded by four and eight O atoms, leading to a distorted tetra-hedral and dodeca-hedral coordination, respectively.

A new polymorph of Lu(PO(3))(3).

A new polymorph of lutetium polyphosphate, Lu(PO(3))(3), was found to be isotypic with the trigonal form of Yb(PO(3))(3). Two of the three Lu atoms occupy special positions (Wyckoff positions 3a and 3b, site symmetry ). The atomic arrangement consists of infinite helical polyphosphate chains running along the c axis, with a repeat period of 12 PO(4) tetra-hedra, joined with LuO(6) octa-hedra.

LiDy(PO(3))(4).

Single crystals of lithium dysprosium polyphosphate, LiDy(PO(3))(4), were prepared by the flux method. The atomic arrangement is built up by infinite (PO(3))(n) chains extending along the b axis. Dy(3+) and Li(+) cations alternate in the middle of four such chains, with Dy⋯Li distances of 3.

A monoclinic polymorph of KY(PO(3))(4).

The title compound, potassium yttrium polyphosphate, KY(PO(3))(4), was synthesized using the flux method. The atomic arrangement consists of an infinite long-chain polyphosphate organization. Chains, with a period of four PO(4) tetra-hedra, run along the a-axis direction.

Lutetium ultraphosphate.

The structure of the title compound, LuP(5)O(14), comprises puckered eight-membered PO(4) rings linked by the lutetium cations in a complex way, forming a three-dimensional framework. Each eight-membered phosphate ring shares a bridging tetra-hedron with each of four adjacent tetra-hedra, to form layers of PO(4) tetra-hedra. These layers are c/2 in thickness and parallel to the ab plane.

[Preparation and structural study of NH(4)Gd(PO(3))(4) and NH(4)GdP(4)O(12)].

Ammonium gadolinium polyphosphate, NH(4)Gd(PO(3))(4), (I), and ammonium gadolinium cyclotetraphosphate, NH(4)GdP(4)O(12), (II), were synthesized by flux growth with excess (NH(4))(2)HPO(4). In (I), the PO(4) tetrahedra share vertices to produce corrugated ribbons along the c direction, while in (II) they form P(4)O(12) rings arranged in layers perpendicular to the c axis. In both structures, isolated GdO(8) polyhedra link the phosphate anions into a three-dimensional framework with channels containing the NH(4)(+) cations.