Nano and microparticle drug delivery systems for the treatment of Brucella infections.

Nano-based drug delivery systems are increasingly used for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of several diseases, thanks to several beneficial properties, including the ability to target specific cells or organs, allowing to reduce treatment costs and side effects frequently associated with chemotherapeutic medications, thereby improving treatment compliance of patients. In the field of communicable diseases, especially those caused by intracellular bacteria, the delivery of antibiotics targeting specific cells is of critical importance to maximize their treatment efficacy. Brucella melitensis, an intracellular obligate bacterium surviving and replicating inside macrophages is hard to be eradicated, mainly because of the low ability of antibiotics to enter these phagocityc cells .

Knockout of gene using CRISPR/Cas9 technique in and evaluating CO sequestration in control and mutant isolates.

CRISPR/Cas9 technology is one of the common methods of genome editing and targeted gene mutation, which has recently been used for manipulating microalgae such as . Besides, this technology can play a role in the fight against greenhouse gases (e.g.

Biological properties the novel application of N-trimethyl chitosan nanospheres as a stabilizer and preservative in tetanus vaccine.

Purpose: Chitosan is a natural polymer that has excellent properties include biocompatibility, biodegradability, no cytotoxicity, high charge density, low cost, mucoadhesive, permeation enhancing (ability to cross tight junction), and immunomodulating ability that makes the spectrum of its applicability much broader. This study was conducted to investigate the stabilizing, preservative and immunogenicity properties of N-trimethyl chitosan nanospheres (N-TMCNS).

Materials And Methods: The tetanus toxoid (TT) was encapsulated into N-TMCNS and then characterized by scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, and dynamic light scattering.

IpaD-loaded N-trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles Can Efficiently Protect Guinea Pigs against Shigella flexneri.

Background: Shigella flexneri is a pathogen responsible for shigellosis around the world, especially in developing countries. Many immunogenic antigens have been introduced as candidate vaccines against Shigella, including N-terminal region of IpaD antigen (NIpaD).

Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of O-metylated free trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs) in the oral delivery of NIpaD.

Different frequencies of memory B-cells induced by tetanus, botulinum, and heat-labile toxin binding domains.

Along with robust immunogenicity, an ideal vaccine candidate should be able to produce a long lasting protection. In this regard, the frequency of memory B-cells is possibly an important factor in memory B-cell persistency and duration of immunological memory. On this basis, binding domains of tetanus toxin (HcT), botulinum type A1 toxin (HcA), and heat-labile toxin (LTB) were selected as antigen models that induced long-term, midterm and short-term immune memory, respectively.

Human endogenous retrovirus env genes: Potential blood biomarkers in lung cancer.

Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer mortality, needs urgent development of newly qualified diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. Recently, Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs) have been introduced for cancer diagnosis. In this case-control study, we have collected blood samples from 60 lung cancer patients and 20 healthy controls.

Immunogenicity of a new recombinant IpaC from Shigella dysenteriae type I in guinea pig as a vaccine candidate.

Background: Recombinant vaccine technology is one of the most developed means in controlling infectious diseases. However, an effective vaccine against Shigella is still missing.

Objective: To evaluate recombinant IpaC protein of Shigella as a vaccine candidate.

Molecular cloning and biologically active production of IpaD N-terminal region.

Shigella is known as pathogenic intestinal bacteria in high dispersion and pathogenic bacteria due to invasive plasmid antigen (Ipa). So far, a number of Ipa proteins have been studied to introduce a new candidate vaccine. Here, for the first time, we examined whether the N-terminal region of IpaD(72-162) could be a proper candidate for Shigella vaccine.

Surface display of organophosphorus hydrolase on E. coli using N-terminal domain of ice nucleation protein InaV.

Recombinant Escherichia coli displaying organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) was used to overcome the diffusion barrier limitation of organophosphorus pesticides. A new anchor system derived from the N-terminal domain of ice-nucleation protein from Pseudomonas syringae InaV (InaV-N) was used to display OPH onto the surface. The designed sequence was cloned in the vector pET-28a(+) and then was expressed in E.

Statistical approach to discovery of factors impacting on emergence of blood cancers in iran.

Cancer is now the main cause of increasing mortality throughout the world. Minor alterations in the cell cycle which are inherited and not removed by apoptosis are important risk factors. Blood cancers are asmong the types which most readily cause death.

The enhancement of biodesulfurization activity in a novel indigenous engineered Pseudomonas putida.

Background: The combustion of sulfur-rich fossil fuels leads to release of sulfur oxide pollution in the environment. In biodesulfurization process, an organism is able to remove sulfur from fossil fuels without decreasing the caloric value of those substrates. The main aim of this research was to design a recombinant microorganism to remove the highest amount of sulfur compounds in fossil fuels.