Improved NGS-based detection of microsatellite instability using tumor-only data.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a molecular signature of mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR), a predictive marker of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy response. Despite its recognized pan-cancer value, most methods only support detection of this signature in colorectal cancer. In addition to the tissue-specific differences that impact the sensitivity of MSI detection in other tissues, the performance of most methods is also affected by patient ethnicity, tumor content, and other sample-specific properties.

Fertility preservation, contraception and menopause hormone therapy in women treated for rare ovarian tumours: guidelines from the French national network dedicated to rare gynaecological cancers.

Introduction: Rare ovarian tumours include complex borderline ovarian tumours, sex-cord tumours, germ cell tumours and rare epithelial tumours. Indications and modalities of fertility preservation (FP), infertility management, contraindications for hormonal contraception or menopause hormone therapy are frequent issues in clinical practice. A panel of experts from the French national network dedicated to rare gynaecological cancers, and experts in reproductive medicine and gynaecology have built guidelines on FP, contraception and menopause hormone therapy in women treated for ovarian rare tumours.

Noninvasive quantification of macrophagic lung recruitment during experimental ventilation-induced lung injury.

Macrophagic lung infiltration is pivotal in the development of lung biotrauma because of ventilation-induced lung injury (VILI). We assessed the performance of [C](R)-PK11195, a positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer binding the translocator protein, to quantify macrophage lung recruitment during experimental VILI. Pigs ( = 6) were mechanically ventilated under general anesthesia, using protective ventilation settings (baseline).

Efficacy and Safety of Second-Line 5-Day Dactinomycin in Case of Methotrexate Failure for Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients treated for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) with second-line 5-day dactinomycin after failed first-line 8-day methotrexate.

Methods: From 1999 to 2017, patients with methotrexate resistant GTN treated with second line dactinomycin were identified at the French Trophoblastic Disease Reference Center. Using univariate and multivariate analysis, we identified significant predictive factors of second line dactinomycin failure.

[Histological and molecular classification of endometrial carcinoma and therapeutical implications].

Endometrial cancer is the fourth cause of cancer in women in France and is the second most common cancer of the gynecologic cancer after breast cancer with 7275 new cases in 2012. The incidence of this neoplasm tends to increase with population aging, diabetes and obesity's augmentation. In rare cases, a hereditary factor has been described: Lynch's syndrome.

[Pre-analytical stage for biomarker assessment in breast cancer: 2014 update of the GEFPICS' guidelines in France].

Biomarker assessment of breast cancer tumor samples is part of the routine workflow of pathology laboratories. International guidelines have recently been updated, with special regards to the pre-analytical steps that are critical for the quality of immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization procedures, whatever the biomarker analyzed. Fixation and specimen handling protocols must be standardized, validated and carefully tracked.

[2014 update of the GEFPICS' recommendations for HER2 status determination in breast cancers in France].

International guidelines on HER2 determination in breast cancer have just been updated by the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and College of American Pathologists (CAP), on the basis of more than ten-year practice, results of clinical trials and concordance studies. The GEFPICS group, composed of expert pathologists in breast cancer, herein presents these recommendations, adapted to the French routine practice. These guidelines highlight the possible diagnosis difficulties with regards to HER2 status determination, such as intra-tumor heterogeneity, special histological subtypes and biomarker re-evaluation during metastatic relapse.

[PAIR-gynaecology: multi/interdisciplinary for gynecologic cancer research. Problems needed to be resolved].

Each year, 13,000 newly gynecologic cancers are diagnosed in France. Gynecologic cancers were specifically heterogeneous (localisations, histologic subgroups, age class, etc). This work was delineated for a national call dedicated to gynecologic cancers.

Experimental intracameral injection of vancomycin microparticles in rabbits.

Purpose: To evaluate the in vivo toxicity and efficacy of previously developed poly-(lactide-co-glycolide)-vancomycin-based microparticles (V-MPLs) for eventual use for endophthalmitis prophylaxis during cataract surgery.

Methods: The intraocular vancomycin concentration profile was evaluated after V-MPL injection into the anterior chamber of rabbit eyes. The toxicology of V-MPLs versus MPLs alone was tested by corneal cellular counting and retinal histology.

Primary transpupillary thermotherapy for 18 small posterior pole uveal melanomas.

Purpose: To evaluate transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) for the treatment of small uveal melanomas of the posterior pole.

Design: Prospective, nonrandomized interventional case series.

Methods: Eighteen patients underwent TTT for small uveal melanomas located in the posterior pole of the eyes.

Familial uveal melanoma: a report on two families and a review of the literature.

Purpose: A total of 69 families affected by uveal melanoma have been reported in the literature. This report describes two additional families. In addition to presenting these cases, which constitute exceptions, the paper reviews the literature.