Pediatric takotsubo cardiomyopathy: A review and insights from a National Multicentric Registry.

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) in the pediatric population is an infrequent but relevant cause of morbidity and mortality, with limited studies addressing its clinical course and prognosis. We aimed to analyze the clinical features and prognosis of pediatric TTS in a nation-wide multicenter registry and considering the published literature. We included a total of 54 patients from 4 different hospitals in Spain, as well as pediatric TTS patients from the published literature.

The relevance of electrocardiogram filtering in the differential diagnosis of Brugada syndrome: An illustrative case report.

We present a clinical case of a teenager in whom a Brugada syndrome electrical pattern was found which was finally diagnosed as a Brugada phenocopy due to a wrong setup of the high-pass filter on the electrocardiogram.

Correlation between urinary and serum NT-proBNP in acute bronchiolitis: A pilot study.

Background And Aims: We aimed to analyze the correlation of urinary with serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations and its association with severity in acute bronchiolitis.

Material And Methods: A pilot observational study was conducted between October 1, 2021 and March 31, 2022 including acute bronchiolitis cases who attended our institution. Serum and urinary NT-proBNP concentrations were determined using the Alere i NT-proBNP assay in time-matched urine and blood samples.

Vitamin D Levels and Cardiopulmonary Status in Infants with Acute Bronchiolitis.

Background: To assess association of Vitamin D deficiency with cardiac and pulmonary status in infants with acute bronchiolitis.

Methods: Infants hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis were enrolled and classified as those with serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) below or equal and above 20 ng/mL. The primary outcomes were cardiopulmonary involvement defined by elevation of NT-ProBNP, alteration of echocardiographic parameters and respiratory support requirements.

Routine laboratory test to assess the need of respiratory support in acute bronchiolitis.

Background And Objectives: Accurate and readily available biomarkers to predict the clinical course of bronchiolitis would enable enhanced decision-making in this setting. We explored the relationship of several biochemical parameters available at the pediatric emergency care setting with the need of advanced respiratory support (ARS): continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), biphasic positive airway pressure (BiPAP), or invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) in bronchiolitis.

Methods: Single-center, prospective, observational, including infants aged less than 12 months diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis at the Pediatric Emergency Department.

Different Phenotypes of Schimke Immuno-Osseous Dysplasia (SIOD) in Two Sisters with the Same Mutation in the SMARCAL1 Gene.

Background: Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD) is a very rare autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by mutations in the SMARCAL1 gene. It is characterized by spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, T-cell immunodeficiency, hypercromic nevi, hypercholestero-lemia, and steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with progressive renal failure to end-stage kidney disease.

Case Presentation: We report two cases of SIOD in sisters, diagnosed after the debut of nephrotic syndrome.

The Pivotal Role of Echocardiography in the Diagnosis of Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy Presenting with Atypical Pattern in Critically Ill Children. An Illustrative Case Report.

Background: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) has some distinctive features like greater proportion of reverse-TCM and central nervous system disease as a prevalent triggering cause. We expose the case of a child with cardiogenic shock presenting an atypical echocardiographic TCM pattern on an echocardiography, after an acute neurologic trigger. We also include a systematic literature review of previously described cases of atypical-TCM in children.

Primary cardiac fibroma in infants: A case report and review of cases of cardiac fibroma managed through orthotopic heart transplant.

Cardiac fibromas (CF) are the second most common cardiac tumors in children. They can be aggressive tumors despite their benign histopathologic nature, accounting for the highest mortality rate among primary cardiac tumors. CF usually show a progressive growth and spontaneous regression is rare.

Early elevated NT-proBNP but not troponin I is associated with severe bronchiolitis in infants.

Background: We aimed to explore and to compare the association between the NT-proBNP and high-sensitivity troponin I (hs-cTnI) at early stages of acute bronchiolitis with echocardiographic alterations, clinical severity and outcomes.

Methods: A single centre, prospective observational study including previously healthy infants aged 1-12 months with bronchiolitis admitted to a tertiary hospital from April 2019 to March 2020. All patients underwent clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic evaluation at the same time point within 12 h of hospital admission.

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients with X-Linked Hypophosphataemia.

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare genetic disorder with X-linked dominant inheritance. Mutations in the gene increase fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) concentrations, causing loss of phosphorus at the proximal tubule. Most pediatric patients debut in the first two years with short stature and bowed legs.

Lipomatous atrial septal hypertrophy associated with adrenocorticotropin hormone administration in an infant with West syndrome.

We present the rare case of lipomatous atrial septal hypertrophy associated with adrenocorticotropin hormone therapy in an infant with West syndrome, highlighting their relatively benign nature and good prognosis in children, and the relevance of the differential diagnosis with more dangerous cardiac masses in order to avoid aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.

Role of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Dystrophin-Deficient Cardiomyopathy.

Dystrophin-deficient cardiomyopathy (DDC) is currently the leading cause of death in patients with dystrophinopathies. Targeting myocardial fibrosis (MF) has become a major therapeutic goal in order to prevent the occurrence of DDC. We aimed to review and summarize the current evidence about the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the development and perpetuation of MF in DCC.