A Ratiometric Calcium Reporter CGf Reveals Calcium Dynamics Both in the Single Cell and Whole Plant Levels Under Heat Stress.

Land plants evolved to quickly sense and adapt to temperature changes, such as hot days and cold nights. Given that calcium (Ca) signaling networks are implicated in most abiotic stress responses, heat-triggered changes in cytosolic Ca were investigated in leaves and pollen. Plants were engineered with a reporter called CGf, a ratiometric, genetically encoded Ca reporter with an mherry reference domain fused to an intensiometric Ca reporter CaMP6.