Variable antiviral activity of islatravir against M184I/V mutant HIV-1 selected during antiretroviral therapy.

Background: Islatravir is a new antiretroviral drug that inhibits the reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV-1 through multiple mechanisms. It is proposed to be used in combination with doravirine, a new NNRTI. M184V/I mutations have been shown to reduce the in vitro antiviral activity of islatravir, but their effect when pre-selected during ART has not been investigated.

HIV-1 pretreatment drug resistance in vertically infected children is associated with poor virological response to protease inhibitor (PI)-based first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART): results from a cohort study in Argentina.

Background: Increasing evidence from adult cohorts suggests an important role of HIV-1 pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) in ART failure, in spite of treatment being fully active according to baseline genotyping tests. Whether this is also true for children is unknown.

Methods: Virological and immunological parameters were longitudinally assessed in a group of 39 HIV-1 vertically infected children starting first-line lopinavir/ritonavir-based ART at a median of 5.

Unraveling HIV-1 diagnosis in special pediatric cases.

Background: Early HIV-1 diagnosis and initiation of antiretroviral treatment is essential to prevent AIDS, and reduce mortality in children. HIV-1 molecular diagnosis in children before 18 months of age require, two independent samples to confirm a result. However, some patients have discordant virologic results in different samples, raising uncertainty for a conclusive diagnosis.

[Epidemiology and risk factors for prolonged hospital length of stay in children with leukemia and bacteremia. Cohort study].

Introduction: Bacteremia is a frequent complication in children with cancer, which is associated with greater severity, prolonged hospitalization and mortality. Prolonged hospitalization conditions greater morbidity and risk of acquisition of intranosocomial infections.

Aim: To describe risk factors for prolonged hospital length of stay in children with leukemia and bacteremia.

Osteoarticular infections in a tertiary care children's hospital: Epidemiology and clinical characteristics in association with bacteremia.

Introduction: Osteoarticular infections are an important cause of morbidity and may present with bacteremia. The epidemiology has changed in recent years.

Objectives: To describe the epidemiological, clinical, and evolutionary characteristics of children with osteoarticular infections and compare patients with and without bacteremia.

Risk factors for the appearance of secondary foci of infection in children with community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. Cohort study 2010-2016.

Introduction: Community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus (SA) bacteraemia is a common cause of hospitalisation in children. The occurrence of secondary foci (SF) of SA infection is associated with higher morbidity and mortality.

Objectives: To identify risk factors for SF of infection in children with community-acquired SA bacteraemia.

Echinococcosis in children: Experience in a tertiary care hospital outside the endemic area.

Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease that is widely spread across Argentina and worldwide. It is acquired during childhood but it is more common during adulthood. The pediatric population accounts for 10-20% of all cases.

Varicella at "Casa Garrahan", 2008-2013: Assessment of postexposure prophylaxis measures.

Introduction: Casa Garrahan (CG) accommodates children with complex conditions referred nationwide; these children are seen in children's hospitals located in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Varicella is a highly-contagious disease, with attack rates of up to 90% among susceptible individuals. In closed communities, the implementation of outbreak control measures is critical.

Assessment of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin levels to predict infection and mortality in burn children.

Unlabelled: C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin(PCT) levels may distinguish between a systemic inflammatory response and an infection in burn children.

Objectives: To establish the operative capability of CRP and PCT to diagnose infections and mortality.

Methods: Burn patients admitted to the hospital with clinical suspicion of an infection were included.

Effectiveness of a program to improve antibiotic use in children hospitalized in a children's tertiary care facility in Argentina.

Introduction: Inadequate antibiotic use is associated with an increased emergence of resistant microorganisms, higher morbidity and mortality rates, and an impact on public health.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a program aimed at improving the use of antimicrobials in patients hospitalized at Hospital Garrahan.

Material And Methods: Prospective, longitudinal, before and after study with no control group.

[Paradoxical reaction during tuberculosis treatment in immunocompetent children: case report].

Tuberculosis is an important public health problem. It is estimated that around 5-10% of patients with tuberculosis present with central nervous system involvement; meningitis and tuberculoma being two of the most frequent manifestations. The paradoxical reaction in patients undergoing antituberculosis treatment is infrequent, nevertheless it is an important consideration in patients, who after an appropriate initial response to specific treatment, present with worsening clinical and radiological signs or the appearance of new lesions.

[Paracoccidioidomycosis in pediatric patients: a description of 4 cases].

Background: Paracoccidioidomycosis is the most frequent systemic mycosis in Latin America, caused by the dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides. Paracoccidioidomycosis in children is uncommon. Our aim is to describe clinical features of patients who had a confirmed diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis in our hospital in the last 10 years.

[Reasons for inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics in a high-complexity pediatric hospital].

Objective: Determine the reasons for inappropriate prescription of antibiotics and identify opportunities to improve prescription of these drugs in pediatric patients hospitalized in intermediate and intensive care units.

Methods: A prospective, descriptive longitudinal study was conducted of pediatric patients in intermediate and intensive care units who received parenteral administration of antibiotics, with the exception of newborns, burn unit patients, and surgical prophylaxis patients. A univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression were performed.