Intra-oral scan segmentation using deep learning.

Objective: Intra-oral scans and gypsum cast scans (OS) are widely used in orthodontics, prosthetics, implantology, and orthognathic surgery to plan patient-specific treatments, which require teeth segmentations with high accuracy and resolution. Manual teeth segmentation, the gold standard up until now, is time-consuming, tedious, and observer-dependent. This study aims to develop an automated teeth segmentation and labeling system using deep learning.

Positional assessment of lower third molar and mandibular canal using explainable artificial intelligence.

Objective: The aim of this study is to automatically assess the positional relationship between lower third molars (M3i) and the mandibular canal (MC) based on the panoramic radiograph(s) (PR(s)).

Material And Methods: A total of 1444 M3s were manually annotated and labeled on 863 PRs as a reference. A deep-learning approach, based on MobileNet-V2 combination with a skeletonization algorithm and a signed distance method, was trained and validated on 733 PRs with 1227 M3s to classify the positional relationship between M3i and MC into three categories.

Deep learning for automated segmentation of the temporomandibular joint.

Objective: Quantitative analysis of the volume and shape of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) requires accurate segmentation of the mandibular condyles and the glenoid fossae. This study aimed to develop and validate an automated segmentation tool based on a deep learning algorithm for accurate 3D reconstruction of the TMJ.

Materials And Methods: A three-step deep-learning approach based on a 3D U-net was developed to segment the condyles and glenoid fossae on CBCT datasets.

Single center first year experience and outcomes with Impella 5.5 left ventricular assist device.

Background: The Impella 5.5® was approved by the FDA for use for mechanical circulatory support up to 14 days in late 2019 at limited centers in the United States. Our single center's experience with Impella 5.

Estimation of Alveolar Bone Loss in Periodontitis Using Machine Learning.

Aim: The objective of this research was to perform a pilot study to develop an automatic analysis of periapical radiographs from patients with and without periodontitis for the percentage alveolar bone loss (ABL) on the approximal surfaces of teeth using a supervised machine learning model, that is, convolutional neural networks (CNN).

Material And Methods: A total of 1546 approximal sites from 54 participants on mandibular periapical radiographs were manually annotated (MA) for a training set (n = 1308 sites), a validation set (n = 98 sites), and a test set (n = 140 sites). The training and validation sets were used for the development of a CNN algorithm.

Preventing driveline infection during left ventricular assist device support by the HeartMate 3: A survey-based study.

Purpose: Driveline infection (DLI) is a significant source of morbidity and mortality during left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support yet limited studies are available to describe the center-level prevalence, preventive practices, and their potential effectiveness.

Methods: We surveyed LVAD centers in the United States to determine program burden and preventive practices for DLI during HeartMate (HM) 3 support. An online, anonymous, question-based survey was sent to expert providers at implanting centers.

Automated chart filing on panoramic radiographs using deep learning.

Objective: The aim of this study is to automatically detect, segment and label teeth, crowns, fillings, root canal fillings, implants and root remnants on panoramic radiographs (PR(s)).

Material And Methods: As a reference, 2000 PR(s) were manually annotated and labeled. A deep-learning approach based on mask R-CNN with Resnet-50 in combination with a rule-based heuristic algorithm and a combinatorial search algorithm was trained and validated on 1800 PR(s).

Reversible complete heart block in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019.

Patients infected with novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) can present with a variety of arrhythmias. We report an unusual case of reversible complete heart block (CHB) in the setting of acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A 23-year-old male with a history of Hodgkin's Lymphoma presented with dizziness and syncope.

Immediate Nonsubmerged Custom Root Analog Implants: A Prospective Pilot Clinical Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of a commercially available immediate root analog implant system Replicate (Natural Dental Implants).

Materials And Methods: Five consecutive patients in need of an implant in the premolar region were recruited for this pilot study. Following clinical examination, a cone beam computed tomography scan was made and the dental impressions digitized.

Cardiac Myosin Activators in Systolic Heart Failure: More Friend than Foe?

Despite the rising prevalence of HF, new evidence-based novel therapies for patients with worsening HF remain lacking, e.g., safe inotropic therapies.

Serelaxin for the treatment of heart failure.

Outcomes for patients with acute heart failure remain suboptimal and treatments principally target improvement of symptoms. To date there has been no therapy approved for acute heart failure shown to improve mortality or readmission risk post-discharge. Serelaxin, a recombinant form of the naturally occurring polypeptide hormone relaxin, has demonstrated promise in preclinical and early clinical trials as a potentially novel therapy for acute heart failure.

Autotransplantation of Premolars With a 3-Dimensional Printed Titanium Replica of the Donor Tooth Functioning as a Surgical Guide: Proof of Concept.

Purpose: Autotransplantation of premolars is a good treatment option for young patients who have missing teeth. This study evaluated the use of a preoperatively 3-dimensional (3D)-printed replica of the donor tooth that functions as a surgical guide during autotransplantation.

Materials And Methods: Five consecutive procedures were prospectively observed.

The Concept of Functional Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Why Physiologic Lesion Assessment Is Integral to Coronary Angiography.

The gold standard for assessing the severity of coronary stenoses has been coronary angiography. However, multicenter randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that treatment decisions based on angiography alone do not guarantee benefit to patients. Fractional flow reserve provides physiologic lesion assessment of coronary stenoses.

Periprocedural myocardial injury in chronic total occlusion percutaneous interventions: a systematic cardiac biomarker evaluation study.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the incidence, correlates, and clinical implications of periprocedural myocardial injury (PMI) during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of chronic total occlusions (CTO).

Background: The risk of PMI during CTO PCI may be underestimated because systematic cardiac biomarker measurement was not performed in published studies.

Methods: We retrospectively examined PMI among 325 consecutive CTO PCI performed at our institution between 2005 and 2012.

Accuracy of preemptively constructed, cone beam CT-, and CAD/CAM technology-based, individual Root Analogue Implant technique: an in vitro pilot investigation.

Objectives: The aim of this in vitro pilot investigation is to assess the accuracy of the preemptive individually fabricated root analogue implant (RAI) based on three-dimensional (3D) root surface models obtained from a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan, computer-aided designing (CAD), and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technology and to measure the discrepancy in congruence with the alveolar socket subsequent to placement of the RAI.

Materials And Methods: Eleven single-rooted teeth from nine human cadaver mandibles were scanned with the 3D Accuitomo 170 CBCT system. The 3D surface reconstructions of the teeth acquired from the CBCT scans were used as input for fabrication of the RAIs in titanium using rapid manufacturing technology.

Clinical applications of advanced lipoprotein testing in diabetes mellitus.

Traditional lipid profiles often fail to fully explain the elevated cardiovascular risk of individuals with diabetes mellitus. Advanced lipoprotein testing offers a novel means to evaluate dyslipidemia and refine risk estimation. Numerous observational studies have demonstrated a characteristic pattern of elevated levels of small, dense LDL particles, out of proportion to traditional lipid levels, in patients with both diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome.

Designing a novel dental root analogue implant using cone beam computed tomography and CAD/CAM technology.

Objectives: The study aim is to introduce a novel preemptively constructed dental root analogue implant (RAI) based on three-dimensional (3D) root surface models obtained from a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan, computer aided designing and computer aided manufacturing technology.

Materials & Methods: One partially edentulous mandibular human cadaver was scanned with the Accuitomo 170 CBCT system. The scan volumes and datasets were used to create 3D surface models of the tooth.

Occlusion of a left internal mammary artery graft side branch during attempts to deliver an amplatzer vascular plug.

We present a case of angina in a patient with a left internal mammary artery graft that had a large side branch. Closure was attempted using an Amplatzer vascular plug but during attempts to position the device, the side-branch occluded, likely due to dissection, obviating the need for device deployment.