Determine the factors that affected COVID-19 prevention behaviors based on constructs of social cognition theory.

Background: COVID-19 is a universal challenge and novel disease is one of the core public health concerns. This study aimed to determine the factors that affected COVID-19 prevention behaviors (CPB) based on constructs of Social Cognition Theory (SCT).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 426 participants referred to health centers of Arak from October 2021 to February 2022, and they were selected through a multi-stage random sampling method.

Effect of an educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on improving medication adherence in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with injectable disease-modifying drugs: randomized controlled trial.

Background: Adherence to prescribed treatment in chronic diseases, as occurs in multiple sclerosis (MS), is a critical factor for a successful therapeutic response. This study aimed to investigate the effect of educational program based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on treatment adherence in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) receiving injectable immunomodulatory drugs.

Methods: The present study is an educational randomized controlled trial research that was conducted on 100 patients with MS who had gone to MS clinic in Tehran city (Iran).

Effects of online social media on improving mothers' behaviors towards preventing their children's otitis media based on the PRECED model: a randomized educational intervention trial.

Background: Otitis media is one of the most common diseases in children, especially those under 2 years of age. This study aimed to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on the PRECEDE model on mothers' preventive behaviors of middle ear infections in infants.

Methods: This study was conducted as an educational randomized controlled trial on 88 mothers with infants referred to health centers in Arak, Iran.

The Effectiveness of Tailored Interactive Multimedia Software based on the Trans-Theoretical Model for the Promotion of Physical Activity Behaviours.

Background: Although physical activity (PA) is essential, it is difficult to motivate people to take part in PA, especially the ones with high blood pressure (hypertension). One of the most commonly applied theoretical frameworks to change health behaviours is the Trans-Theoretical Model (TTM). The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of tailored, interactive multimedia software based on TTM for the promotion of PA behaviours among Iranian adults.

Spatial Cluster Analysis of Stomach Neoplasms in the Center of Iran Based on a Population-Based Study, 2009-2014: Application of the Poisson-Based Probability Model.

Background: A better understanding of the spatial pattern of stomach cancer can be helpful in the implementation of preventive strategies. This study is one of the first studies to establish a study unit based on the smallest possible size for cluster analysis. This study includes a novel evaluation of spatial differences in different geographical areas of Arak.

Effect of theory-based education on promoting a healthy lifestyle in pre-diabetic women: RCT.

Background: Due to the fact that pre-diabetic people are at higher risk of developing diabetes, it is possible to reduce the risk by taking preventive measures. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of theory-based education on promoting a healthy lifestyle and fasting blood sugar (FBS) in pre-diabetic women.

Methods: This is a cluster-randomized controlled trial that was performed on 71 pre-diabetic women referred to Arak Comprehensive Health Service Center.

Distribution of chigger mites (Acari: Trombiculidae) over hosts, parasitopes, collection localities, and seasons in northern Iran.

We studied the distribution of chigger mite species over mammal hosts, attachment sites on the host body, habitats, and seasons in Iran. The study was based on 2155 specimens of 36 chigger species collected from 10 species of Muridae, Cricetidae, and Soricidae across six provinces of northern Iran. A high level of mixed infestation by chiggers was recorded-76% of hosts parasitized by chiggers were infested by more than one (2-8) species.

Effect combined learning on oral health self-efficacy and self-care behaviors of students: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: In order to prevent oral diseases, the use of appropriate oral health education at childhood is one of the most important strategies for improving oral health knowledge and by extension positive oral health habits. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of animations and games as a strategy for improving oral health self-efficacy and self-care behaviors among 6-12-aged students.

Methods: In this interventional study, 82 students were selected based on cluster random sampling including 38 for the case and 44 for the control group.

Effect of Acetamiprid on spatial memory and hippocampal glutamatergic system.

Acetamiprid (ACE) is one of the widely used neonicotinoid insecticides. In mammals, in spite of the low-affinity nAChRs, neurotoxic effects following the Acetamiprid exposure have recently been reported, which suggests some concerns regarding the impacts on the nervous system of mammals. This study aims to investigate the effect of Acetamiprid on spatial memory and possible vulnerability of hippocampal glutamatergic system following the Acetamiprid exposure.

The effect of educational program based on theory of planned behavior on promoting retinopathy preventive behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes: RCT.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and it is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among patients with diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of educational program based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on promoting retinopathy preventive behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The present study is an educational randomized controlled trial research that was conducted on 94 patients with type 2 diabetes who had gone to diabetes clinic.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Central Area of Iran: A Population-Based Study.

The spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has imposed high threats on global health, life and work style, and social and economic development. The current study aimed to extract knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19 among the general population in the central area of Iran. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Arak City between April and May 2020.

Contributions to the fauna of chigger mites (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) of Iran.

Chigger mites of northern Iran were studied on the basis of field collections from rodent hosts. Thirty-five species were recorded. Two new species, Cheladonta afshari Stekolnikov and Shamsi sp.

A randomized controlled trial of an educational intervention to promote oral and dental health of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Diabetes is the most prevalent disease resulted from metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effect of training based on health belief model (HBM) on oral hygiene-related behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: This study was conducted as an educational randomized controlled trial (single blind) on 120 patients with type 2 diabetes referring to a diabetes clinic selected through systematic sampling, who were assigned to two groups of control (N = 60) and intervention (N = 60).

The effect of educational intervention program on promoting preventive behaviors of urinary tract infection in girls: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infectious diseases in children, which can lead to serious complications for a child. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of Theory Planned Behavior (TPB) -based education on the promotion of preventive behaviors of urinary tract infection in mothers with a daughter under age two.

Methods: The present study is an educational randomized controlled trial that its sample consisted of 100 mothers who had a daughter under age two.

Chigger mites (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) of Iran.

Chigger mites of Iran have been revised based on examination of type materials in the collection of Zoological Museum of Moscow University and reference data. Hitherto, 85 species of trombiculids were recorded in Iran; synonymy, diagnoses, data on depositories of type specimens, lists of hosts and collection localities are given for each species. Original measurements of holotypes or paratypes are provided for 46 species.

Effect of Massage Therapy on Labor Pain Reduction in Primiparous Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials in Iran.

Background: Pain is a common experience for women during labor. Therefore, pain relief care for mothers during labor is very important. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of massage therapy on labor pain reduction in primiparous women.

The Effect of an Educational Intervention Program on the Adoption of Low Back Pain Preventive Behaviors in Nurses: An Application of the Health Belief Model.

Study Design Randomized controlled trial. Objective The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of a theory-based educational intervention program on the level of knowledge and Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs among nurses in terms of the adoption of preventive behaviors. Methods This pretest/posttest quasi-experimental study was conducted on 100 nurses who were recruited through the multistage sampling method.

Effective intervention of self-care on glycaemia control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common diseases, which requires lifelong self-care to improve the quality of life.

Objectives: The current study aimed to determine the impact of self-care education programs on reducing HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Patients And Methods: The current experimental study was conducted on 138 female patients with type 2 diabetes in Zahedan city, Iran.

A brief review of Rhazes, Avicenna, and Jorjani's views on diagnosis of diseases through urine examination.

The present survey aims at studying the opinions of three famous medical scholars in history (Rhazes, Avicinna, and Jorjani) on the diagnosis of diseases via urine examination and their compatiblity with modern science. Refering to original authentic sources in traditional medicine, including Al-Hawi (The Virtuous Life), Zakhireh-i Kharazmshahi (Thesaurus of the Shah of Khwarazm), and Al-Canon fi al Tibb (The Canon on Medicine), we compared the ideas of the authors with modern medicine. In traditional medicine, physicians would pay attention to the methods of urine collection and urinary features such as color, consistency, volume, frequency, odor, and foam as the means of diagnosis, all of which still serve as the bases for today's diagnostic approach.

A new species of the genus Ectagela Schmidt from Iran (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Miridae, Phylinae).

A new species of the genus Ectagela Schmidt (Phylinae) from Iran, Ectagela kermanensis sp. nov. is described and illustrated.

Rhazes, a genius physician in the diagnosis and treatment of nocturnal enuresis in medical history.

Context: Nocturnal enuresis has undoubtedly occurred since man's earliest days and the first references are found in the Ebers papyri of 1550 BC. The purpose of this study is to review of Rhazes opinion about diagnosis and treatment of nocturnal enuresis and compare his belief and clinical methods with modern medical practice.

Evidence Acquisition: In the review study we searched all available and reliable electronic and paper sources using appropriate keywords about the views of Rhazes, and compared them with recent medical evidence about diagnosis and treatment of nocturnal in medication.

Refusal self efficacy, self esteem, smoking refusal skills and water pipe (Hookah) smoking among iranian male adolescents.

Background: Tobacco use among adolescents is a major public health concern, and identifying predictors of smoking is necessary for planning prevention programs. The present study examined the relationship between refusal self efficacy, self esteem, smoking refusal skills and water pipe (hookah) smoking among Iranian male adolescents.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 380 Iranian male adolescents aged between 15-19 years selected by multistage sampling.