Effect of elevated temperature, sea water acidification, and phenanthrene on the expression of genes involved in the shell and pearl formation of economic pearl oyster (Pinctada radiata).

Our study aims to examine the effect of some stressors on the gene expression levels of shell matrix proteins in a pearl oyster. Oysters were exposed to the different combinations of the temperature, pH, and phenanthrene concentration is currently measured in the Persian Gulf and the predicted ocean warming and acidification for 28 days. The expression of all the studied genes was significantly downregulated.

A new bioindicator, shell of , and sediment samples to monitors metals (Al, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, V, Co, Cr and Cu) in marine environment: The Persian Gulf as a case.

Background: The present work was designed to detect heavy metal contents of Al, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, V, Co, Cr and Cu in sediments and shells of the collected in polluted and unpolluted areas along the Persian Gulf.

Methods: The samples were taken from surface sediments (0-10 cm) and shells of in two separated areas (polluted and unpolluted) in northern part of the Persian Gulf, Asaluyeh Bay, during summer 2013. The prepared samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).