Evaluation of human vulnerability and toxic effects of chronic and acute occupational exposure to ammonia: A case study in an ice factory.

Background: The hazardous material release has frequently occurred worldwide. As a respiratory stimulant and a toxic substance, ammonia has numerous adverse effects on human health.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the human vulnerability and toxic effects of both chronic and acute respiratory exposure to ammonia.

Does exposure to ammonia concentrations lower than the threshold limit value cause acute pulmonary effects?

One of the major toxic effects of exposure to ammonia is the resulting pulmonary acute and chronic effects. This study investigated the acute pulmonary effects of exposure to ammonia lower than the recommended threshold limit value (TLV). This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 in four chemical fertilizer production industries using ammonia as the main raw material.

Occupational safety risk analysis in construction sites based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process: A case study in a large construction project.

Background: Construction projects are one of the most critical occupational sectors that experienced many challenges in occupational accidents and safety performance.

Objective: This study was designed to assess safety risk in construction projects based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.

Methods: This study was conducted with 12 construction and occupational safety experts in one of the largest construction projects in Tehran-Iran in 2020.

Construction accident data mining: A retrospective study using structural equation modeling based on 10-year data.

Background: The data mining of construction accidents based on a robust modeling process can be used as a practical technique for reducing the frequency of construction accidents.

Objective: This study was designed to data-mine construction accidents.

Methods: This study was conducted in 2020 on construction accidents in Iran for ten years (2009-2018).

Developing a risk assessment method for infectious diseases focusing on COVID-19 based on the Delphi method and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process.

Background: Given the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) risk, it is essential to develop a comprehensive risk assessment method to manage the risk of the infectious diseases.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a risk assessment method for infectious diseases focusing on COVID-19.

Method: This study was based on the fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) and fuzzy analytical hierarchical process (FAHP) in three steps: (a) designing the preliminary risk assessment algorithm by reviewing the literature, (b) corroborating the designed structure based on the majority opinions of the expert panel and assigning scores to different factors according to the Delphi method, and (c) determining the weight of components and their factors based on the FAHP.

Linking mental health to safety behavior in construction workers: The mediating effect of work ability and sleep quality.

Background: The severity of occupational accidents and injuries in the construction industry is the greatest across all industries. Few studies have examined the causal relationships among physical and psychological variables affecting the safety behavior of construction workers.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationships among three factors (metal health, work ability and sleep quality) influencing the safety behavior of construction workers.

Evaluating the potential severity of biogas toxic release, fire and explosion: consequence modeling of biogas dispersion in a large urban treatment plant.

Biogas production in treatment plants for energy generation has increased in recent years. This study aimed to model the consequence of biogas release in a large urban treatment plant. .

A fuzzy Bayesian network DEMATEL model for predicting safety behavior.

Safety behavior significantly affects safety performance in the workplace. This study aimed to develop a Bayesian network (BN) model for managing and improving safety behavior. .

The mediating effect of workers' situation awareness on the relationship between work-related factors and human error: a path analysis approach.

Situation awareness is the main reason behind different patterns of unsafe behavior among workers and can play a mediating role in the relationship between predictive situational variables and human error. This questionnaire-based study carried out with Iranian workers investigated the direct and indirect effects of work pressure, mental workload, human-systems interaction and environmental distractions on three types of human error (i.e.

Evaluation of the toxic effects of ammonia dispersion: consequence analysis of ammonia leakage in an industrial slaughterhouse.

Ammonia is a toxic compound and has many toxic effects on humans and the environment. This study was designed to model the consequences of ammonia leakage in an industrial slaughterhouse. Given the potential hazard of ammonia, only the toxic dimension of this gas was evaluated.

A wavelet-based random forest approach for indoor BTEX spatiotemporal modeling and health risk assessment.

This study reports on BTEX concentrations in one of the largest parking garages in Iran with a peak traffic flow reaching up to ~9300 vehicles in the last few days of the Nowruz holidays. Samples were obtained on different days of the week at three main locations in the Zaer Parking Garage. A novel wavelet-based random forest model (WRF) was trained to estimate BTEX concentrations by decomposing temperature, day of the week, sampling location, and relative humidity data with a maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) function and subsequently inputted into the WRF model.

Modeling the causes-effect relationships among major accident predictors based on a fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making method.

Background: Finding the best practices for accident prevention is possible by identifying the influential factors affecting accident occurrence and their interactions as well as implementing corrective actions for the root cause factors.

Objective: This study was aimed to determine the cause-effect relationships and the interaction of the influential factors affecting accident occurrence and determine the critical root factors.

Methods: This study was carried out based on the opinions of a panel of experts and used the fuzzy DEMATEL method.

Explanation and prediction of accidents using the path analysis approach in industrial units: The effect of safety performance and climate.

Background: The safety climate in an organization depends on people's understanding of the safety policies and procedures, as well as the value, importance, and priority of safety in the workplace.

Objective: This study aimed to describe and predict accidents using the path analysis model (PAM) in industrial units though the analysis of the effect of safety performance and climate.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 294 workers in industrial units in Hamadan, a province in the western part of Iran.

Respiratory Disorders Resulting From Exposure to Low Concentrations of Ammonia: A 5-Year Historical Cohort Study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate respiratory disorders associated with exposure to low concentrations of ammonia.

Method: This cohort study was conducted on 122 industrial workers. Data gathering were based on the officially registered data, the NMAM 6016 and the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society protocols.

Data on emerging sulfur dioxide in the emission of natural gas heater in winter.

Natural gas is a kind of fuel that is used in various heating systems for combustion processes. Combustion of natural gas produce such air pollutants as CO, NOx, SOx, PM, CO, and HC. During cold days, total gas consumption in Iran goes up.