Production and Evaluation of Ag85B:HspX:hFcγ1 Immunogenicity as an Fc Fusion Recombinant Multi-Stage Vaccine Candidate Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

An urgent need is to introduce an effective vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection. In the present study, a multi-stage M.

Global distribution of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus strains (1997-2021): a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus is considered one of the main causes in treatment failure of vancomycin, which leads to poor clinical outcomes. Herein, we comprehensively evaluated characteristics such as global prevalence, trend, and genetic backgrounds of these strains.

Methods: In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis based on PRISMA checklist 2020.

Antimicrobial peptides: natural or synthetic defense peptides against HBV and HCV infections.

According to the literature, treatment of HCV and HBV infections faces challenges due to problems such as the emergence of drug-resistant mutants, the high cost of treatment, and the side effects of current antiviral therapy. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), a group of small peptides, are a part of the immune system and are considered as an alternative treatment for microbial infections. These peptides are water-soluble with amphiphilic (hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces) characteristics.

Statistical proof of eradication in preventing metachronous gastric cancer after endoscopic resection in an East Asian population.

We conducted a comprehensive literature review and meta-analysis study on the efficacy of () eradication in preventing metachronous gastric cancer after endoscopic resection among an East Asian population. Our results showed that the eradication of this pathogen significantly reduced the risk of susceptibility to metachronous gastric cancer in these patients. However, based on the available evidence, several factors such as increasing age, severe atrophy in the corpus and antrum, and intestinal metaplasia all may increase the risk of metachronous gastric cancer in eradicated patients.

Biofilm Formation Status in ESBL-Producing Bacteria Recovered from Clinical Specimens of Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Recently, the emergence and spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) bacteria have become a global health concern. In addition, the ability to form biofilm due to less impermeability to antibiotics and the horizontal transformation (conjugation) of genes involved in antibiotic resistance have exacerbated the concerns. With a comprehensive meta-analysis, this study evaluated the potential relationship between ESBL and biofilm formation.

Global distribution of ACE1 (rs4646994) and ACE2 (rs2285666) polymorphisms associated with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Recent studies emphasize the significant impact of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) as a risk factor associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, according to the literature, the effect of rs4646994 and rs2285666 polymorphisms on susceptibility and progression to severe clinical outcomes is still controversial. Our aim was to investigate the effect of polymorphisms such as rs4646994 and rs2285666 on susceptibility to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).

Prevalence of Primary Multidrug-resistant Helicobacter pylori in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The emergence and global spread of multidrug-resistant Helicobacter pylori (MDR H. pylori) is a major health problem in children, which can increase the risk of serious complications such as gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of primary MDR H.

Selective APC-targeting of a novel Fc-fusion multi-immunodominant recombinant protein (Tax-Env:mFcγ2a) for HTLV-1 vaccine development.

Aims: HTLV-1 causes two life-threatening diseases: adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. Due to the lack of proper treatment, an effective HTLV-1 vaccine is urgently needed.

Main Methods: DNA sequences of 11-19 and 178-186 amino acids of HTLV-1-Tax and SP2 and P21 were fused to the mouse-Fcγ2a, or His-tag called Tax-Env:mFcγ2a and Tax-Env:His, respectively.

Prevalence of antibiotic heteroresistance associated with Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Heteroresistance is a general term to describe diverse responses to specific antibiotics that can occur due to infection with either multiple bacterial strains or microevolution of a single strain during chronic infection. Due to limited information regarding heteroresistance Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, the current study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of this phenomenon.

A Comprehensive Survey of the Relationship between Infection and Atherosclerosis in the Iranian Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: is a gram-negative, spiral-shaped, and microaerophilic bacterium that inhabits the human gastric mucosa and is considered to be the most important etiologic agent for gastrointestinal disorders. Recently, however, there is ample evidence to suggest an association between infection and extragastric complications, particularly atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of infection and the risk of atherosclerosis in an Iranian population.