Design of chitosan/boehmite biocomposite for the removal of anionic and nonionic dyes from aqueous solutions: Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics studies.

This study introduces a chitosan/boehmite biocomposite as an efficient adsorbent for removing anionic Congo Red (CR) and non-ionic Bromothymol Blue (BTB) from water. Boehmite nanoparticles were synthesized using the Sol-gel method and then attached to chitosan particles using sodium tripolyphosphate through co-precipitation method. Characterized through FTIR, FE-SEM, BET, and XRD, the biosorbent displayed structural integrity with optimized pH conditions of 3 for CR and 4 for BTB, achieving over 90 % adsorption within 30 min.

A Novel Vision of Reinforcing Nanofibrous Masks with Metal Nanoparticles: Antiviral Mechanisms Investigation.

Prevention of spreading viral respiratory disease, especially in case of a pandemic such as coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), has been proved impossible without considering obligatory face mask-wearing protocols for both healthy and contaminated populations. The widespread application of face masks for long hours and almost everywhere increases the risks of bacterial growth in the warm and humid environment inside the mask. On the other hand, in the absence of antiviral agents on the surface of the mask, the virus may have a chance to stay alive and be carried to different places or even put the wearers at risk of contamination when touching or disposing the masks.

Silver extraction using emulsion liquid membrane system containing D2EHPA-TBP as synergistic carrier: optimization through response surface methodology.

The present investigation deals with silver extraction using an emulsion liquid membrane. The emulsion liquid membrane system consists of paraffin as organic phase, Span 80 as surfactant, Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and Tributyl Phosphate (TBP) as carrier, and hydrochloric acid as stripping agent. Experiments were designed and modeled by response surface methodology using Design Expert 11 software, which determines the extraction rate as a function of Span 80 concentration, D2EHPA concentration, TBP concentration, HCl concentration, and treatment ratio.

Treatment of nano-oil polluted wastewater in an expanded bed adsorption column based on carboxymethyl cellulose-cellulose-nickel composite beads.

In the present work, spherical carboxymethyl cellulose-cellulose-nickel (CMC-C-Ni) composite beads as novel adsorbent was synthesized to make a stable expanded bed adsorption (EBA) column for the treatment of the oily wastewater collected from the downstream of rapeseed industry. The morphology and structure of the CMC-C-Ni composite beads were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscope. The SEM images revealed that the synthesized composite beads were spherical with porous structure.

Preparation of double-layer nanoemulsions with controlled release of glucose as prevention of hypoglycemia in diabetic patients.

Encapsulation systems promote targeted delivery to the gastrointestinal tract. An oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion was covered using new delivery system composition based on zein and sodium alginate. The impact of aqueous phase (distilled water and cooked pumpkin puree), pH (2-4), and zein-alginate concentration solution (0.

Photocatalytic study of nanocomposite membrane modified by CeF3 catalyst for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.

Cerium fluoride (CeF) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and applied in polysulfone (PS) membrane fabricated by phase inversion method. The produced nanocomposite membranes (PS/CeF) with different contents of CeF3 NPS (0.25%, 0.

Fabrication of zein/alginate delivery system for nanofood model based on pumpkin.

Gastrectomy is among the most crucial types of surgeries proposed to treat gastric cancer and obesity. Gastrectomy patients experience difficulties such as energy deficit, anorexia, and malnutrition. The objective of the present study was to introduce nanofood as a fruitful strategy to supply the needed energy and nutrients for these patients and particularly control the release of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates on the simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT).

A comparison study of C19T (T = C, Cr, Ti, Fe, and Ni) nanocages by first-principle DFT calculation for removal of ozone-destroyer pollutants.

In the present work, the interaction of dichloromethane (CHCl) and chloroform (CHCl) on C and CT (T = Cr, Ti, Fe, Ni) has been studied by density functional theory (DFT). The results have been investigated by binding energy, net charge transfer, electrical and thermodynamic properties, and frontier orbitals. Although the complexes of CHCl and CHCl on free C nanocages showed slightly binding energy (- 0.

Preparation and characterization of nano-filtration and its photocatalytic abilities via pre-coated and self-forming dynamic membranes developed by ZnO, PAC and chitosan.

In the current work, novel dynamic membranes (DM) were tested and introduced for cheese whey wastewater treatment based on resistant and inexpensive materials, polyesters, and chitosan. For the investigation of dynamic membrane (pre-coated and self-forming) characterizations, polyester as a low-cost and natural material with chitosan were chosen to provide the support of the target membrane. The inherent antifouling character of chitosan accompanied by its high hydrophilicity have made this polymer known as an attractive agent for membrane-based wastewater treatment operations.

Electrospun Poly-ε-Caprolactone (PCL)/Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate (DCPD) Composite Scaffold for Tissue Engineering Application.

Recently electrospun scaffolds show excellent response in cell adhesion, growth, and tissue healing in comparison with other techniques. So in this study, PCL and PCL/DCPD scaffolds were designed and prepared with electrospinning. The electrospun scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscope with X-ray elemental analysis, atomic force microcopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and contact angle analysis for optimizing the effective parameters.

Chitosan-sodium alginate multilayer membrane developed by Fe@WO nanoparticles: Photocatalytic removal of hexavalent chromium.

The WO nanostructures were modified by doping with iron and then the polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was developed using prepared Fe-doped WO photocatalytic nanoparticles via layer by layer technology. According to UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis/DRS) characterization, the photocatalytic activity of WO nanoparticles could be improved by doping with Fe impurity. The prepared membranes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and contact angle analyzer.

Highly permeable PVDF membrane with PS/ZnO nanocomposite incorporated for distillation process.

In order to enhance the flux and wetting resistance of PVDF membranes for MD applications, we have developed a novel PVDF blend nanocomposite membrane using a polystyrene/ZnO (PS/ZnO) hybrid nanocomposite. The PS/ZnO nanocomposite was synthesized by free radical polymerization of styrene in the presence of vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) grafted on the surface of ZnO nanoparticles. The blend nanocomposite membrane is fabricated the phase inversion method and we examined the effects of the PS/ZnO nanocomposite on porosity, mechanical properties, hydrophobicity, LEPw, morphology, surface roughness and MD performance.

An electrochemical nitric oxide biosensor based on immobilized cytochrome c on a chitosan-gold nanocomposite modified gold electrode.

Goldnanoparticle (AuNPs), chitosan (CS), cytochrome c (Cyt c) and Nafion were immobilized on the surface of a gold electrode to form a Nafion/Cyt c/CS-3-Mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)-AuNPs/cysteamine-MPA (SAMs)-Au electrode. The CS-MPA-AuNPs nanocomposite was characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy. Electrochemical behavior of modified electrode was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry.

Hexavalent chromium removal by multilayer membrane assisted by photocatalytic couple nanoparticle from both permeate and retentate.

In this study, a novel photocatalytic thin film nanocomposite (TFC) membrane was prepared for removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from aqueous solution. In this regards, a TFC membrane was modified by a layer of chitosan as an adsorbent and then was coated with a layer of synthesized photocatalytic nanoscale zerovalent iron@titanium dioxide (nZVI@TiO) nanoparticles via layer-by-layer (LBL) technology. Prepared membranes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle analysis.

Effects of perlite and caustic soda on microorganism activities of leachate in a sequence batch reactor.

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effect of adsorbents and alkali pre-treatment on microorganism activities of activated sludge (AS) for the treatment of landfill leachate (LFL). The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and BOD5/COD ratio of LFL used in this research were 10,500 and 0.68, respectively.

Adsorption photobioreactor as a co-treatment system for ammonium and phosphate removal by the response surface method.

The co-treatment system of photosynthetic microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and adsorption was investigated as a possible combination of symbiotic mixed culture for the simultaneous removal of nutrients (ammonium and phosphate) and organic contaminants. In this study, response surface methodology for experimental design and optimization was used. For experiment operation, two factorial designs containing five chemical oxygen demand influent (COD) concentrations (100, 200, 400, 600 and 700 mg l) and hydraulic retention times (0.

Comparative experimental study on fouling mechanisms in nano-porous membrane: cheese whey ultrafiltration as a case study.

Determination of fouling mechanisms and accurate quantitative prediction of nano-porous membrane behavior are of great interest in membrane processes. This work has focused on a comprehensive comparison of two classical and new fouling models. Different operational conditions were tested to analyze the level of agreement of these models with experimental observation.

A new route of bioaugmentation by allochthonous and autochthonous through biofilm bacteria for soluble chemical oxygen demand removal of old leachate.

Landfill leachate contains environmental pollutants that are generally resistant to biodegradation. In this study, indigenous and exogenous bacteria in leachate were acclimated in both biofilm and suspension forms to increase the removal of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD). The bacteria from the leachate and sewage were acclimated to gradually increasing leachate concentration prepared using a reverse osmosis membrane over 28 days.

Old landfill leachate treatment through multistage process: membrane adsorption bioreactor and nanofitration.

A bench-scale integrated process based on submerged aerobic powdered activated carbon-membrane bioreactor (PAC-MBR) has been utilized and established for the treatment of landfill leachate. The results showed that the submerged PAC-MBR system effectively removed biodegradable trace organic compounds by the average removal rate about 71 % at optimum food to microorganism (F/M) ratio of 0.4 gCOD/g day under a HRT of 24 h.

Analysis of nanoporous membrane fouling relying on experimental observation and theoretical model for landfill leachate treatment.

This paper is focused on the fouling behaviour of the ultrafiltration membrane for landfill leachate treatment. Natural organic matter fouling is considered a critical factor controlling the membrane performance. In this regard, the polyethersulphone nanoporous membrane was fabricated by phase inversion.

Cross-linked κ-carrageenan polymer/zinc nanoporous composite matrix for expanded bed application: Fabrication and hydrodynamic characterization.

Expanded bed adsorption (EBA) is a reliable separation technique for the purification of bioproducts from complex feedstocks. The specifically designed adsorbent is necessary to form a stable expanded bed. In the present work, a novel custom-designed composite matrix has been prepared through the method of water-in-oil emulsification.

Cost-effective nanoporous Agar-Agar polymer/Nickel powder composite particle for effective bio-products adsorption by expanded bed chromatography.

In the present work a novel kind of dense nanoporous composite matrix for expanded bed application has been successfully first prepared with Nickel powder as a densifier and was covered with Agar-Agar layer as a skeleton, through the method of water-in-oil emulsification. Agar-Agar is a porous and inexpensive polymer. In order to fabricate cost-effective adsorbent with favorable qualities Agar-Agar polymer was used.

Development of pilot scale nanofiltration system for yeast industry wastewater treatment.

The treatment of the yeast industry wastewater was investigated by nanofiltration (NF) membrane process on a pilot scale. Two wastewaters were used as feed: (i) dilute wastewater with COD 2000 mg/L and (ii) concentrate wastewater with COD 8000 mg/L. The permeate flux, COD retention, color and electrical conductivity (EC) removal were evaluated in relation to trans-membrane pressure and long-term filtration.

Characterization and evaluation of the novel agarose-nickel composite matrix for possible use in expanded bed adsorption of bio-products.

Agarose-nickel (Ag-Ni) composite matrix was evaluated for its use in expanded bed adsorption (EBA). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme were used as model proteins in batch and column adsorption studies. Accordingly, Reactive Green 19 (RG19) dye-ligand was covalently immobilized onto the support matrix to prepare affinity adsorbent for protein adsorption.

Mixed matrix membrane application for olive oil wastewater treatment: process optimization based on Taguchi design method.

Olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) is a concentrated effluent with a high organic load. It has high levels of organic chemical oxygen demand (COD) and phenolic compounds. This study presents a unique process to treat OMW.