Advancements in intrusion detection: A lightweight hybrid RNN-RF model.

Computer networks face vulnerability to numerous attacks, which pose significant threats to our data security and the freedom of communication. This paper introduces a novel intrusion detection technique that diverges from traditional methods by leveraging Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) for both data preprocessing and feature extraction. The proposed process is based on the following steps: (1) training the data using RNNs, (2) extracting features from their hidden layers, and (3) applying various classification algorithms.

Customer Analysis Using Machine Learning-Based Classification Algorithms for Effective Segmentation Using Recency, Frequency, Monetary, and Time.

Customer segmentation has been a hot topic for decades, and the competition among businesses makes it more challenging. The recently introduced Recency, Frequency, Monetary, and Time (RFMT) model used an agglomerative algorithm for segmentation and a dendrogram for clustering, which solved the problem. However, there is still room for a single algorithm to analyze the data's characteristics.

Vertical or horizontal scalp mobility: What to assess.

Background: Scalp is comprised of five layers namely skin, connective tissue, aponeurosis, loose areolar tissue, and periosteum, each having distinct characteristics. The scalp mobility plays an important role in scalp wound closure. Thus, the estimation of scalp mobility is necessary to obtain a tension-free closure and fine scar in hair restoration surgery.

The first comprehensive classification of hair transection: A step forward.

There has been an increase in the hair transplant surgeries especially FUE all over the world during last two decades. The more the number of grafts being harvested result in increase in transection. Unfortunately, there is no classification dealing with the hair transection.

Pain perception of a new Ahmad-Humayun solution for local anesthesia in hair transplantation: One step ahead.

Background: Local anesthetic is one of the major ways to obtain satisfactory anesthesia in majority of plastic surgical procedures.

Objectives: To compare the effect on pain while injecting buffered vs nonbuffered local anesthetic.

Materials And Methods: The single-blind, split-scalp study was conducted in 25 patients undergoing first hair transplant surgery after informed consent and ethics committee approval using two solutions.

Effect of hair restoration surgery on the scalp sensitivity.

Background: Hair transplant procedure is a surgical procedure which affects the sensitivity of the scalp.

Objectives: To compare scalp two-point discrimination (2PD) values in healthy controls and patients who had hair transplant surgery.

Patients/methods: The comparative study was conducted in 25 healthy individuals and 25 patient who underwent hair transplant surgery (either strip surgery or FUE).

Transection rate at different areas of scalp during follicular unit extraction/excision (FUE).

Background: Although the follicular unit excision/extraction (FUE) is regarded an easy procedure to perform, however, there are various factors which affect the outcome. The hair transection is dependent of various factors and the donor site characteristics affect largely.

Objectives: To know the difference in transection rate on various areas of scalp during FUE.

Clinical Spectrum of Hyponatremia in Patients with Stroke.

Introduction Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte imbalance, which is readily observed in patients with ischemic as well as hemorrhagic stroke. It is mostly hypoosmolal and may be due to syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH) or cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSWS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical spectrum of hyponatremia in patients of both hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes.

Effect of surgeon's workload on rate of transection during follicular unit excision/extraction (FUE).

Objectives: To compare the transection rate at the start and at the end of the FUE procedure.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted in a private setup in patients undergoing first session of FUE surgery over 2000 grafts. Six areas of 1 cm were marked, two in midline and two on either side.

Battle of the punches: Comparison of transection rates of different punches during FUE.

Objectives: To know the transection rate using three different kinds of punches of the same size (0.9 mm).

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted in 10 patients undergoing FUE.

Analysis of the changes in scalp hair angles: In vivo and in vitro comparison before and after tumescence.

Objectives: To estimate the hair shaft exit angles and also to check the effect of tumescence on the hair angles.

Materials And Methods: Ten patients undergoing first session of strip hair restoration were included. The strip was marked at the level of external occipital protuberance and superior nuchal line.

Component rhinoplasty.

Background: According to statistics of American Society of Plastic Surgeons, cosmetic rhinoplasty was the second most frequently performed cosmetic surgery. This study shares the experiences with component rhinoplasty.

Methods: From 2004 to 2010, all patients underwent aesthetic nasal surgery were enrolled.

Periareolar extra-glandular breast augmentation.

Background: Breast augmentation is the most frequent procedure performed according to the 2009 Quick Facts report of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. This study presents the periareolar extra-glandular breast augmentation.

Methods: From 2004 to 2010 among 32 female patients, peri-areolar incision was performed for breast augmentation.

The constant threat of terrorism: stress levels and coping strategies amongst university students of Karachi.

Objectives: To assess the levels of stress in the face of terrorism and the adopted coping strategies, amongst the student population of universities in Karachi.

Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted on undergraduate students from four universities of Karachi. Self-administered questionnaires were filled out by 291 students.

Home inflation of tissue expanders: a safe and reliable alternative.

The concept of tissue expansion by the placement of inflatable subcutaneous silicone implants was popularised by Radovan in the late 1970s and is now widely used in clinical practice. After the initial placement of the expander, a series of outpatient visits is required during which the expander is serially inflated. These visits can be very stressful for the patient and are costly in terms of patient transport and clinic time.

Dilute adrenaline infiltration and reduced blood loss in reduction mammaplasty.

The aim of this review was to assess the use of dilute adrenaline infiltration in reduction mammaplasty and to determine whether it had any associated complications. The closed technique for adrenaline infiltration was used with no reported infection. One hundred breast reductions in 50 patients were compared by dividing them into two groups of 25 patients each.