Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on Outcomes following Vascular Procedure in the Vascular Quality Initiative.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases morbidity and mortality in most vascular procedures. However, a binary classification of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, which is often used in both modeling and clinical trials, may not be optimal for predicting clinical outcomes.

Ten years of physician-modified endografts.

Objectives: Physician-modified endografts (PMEGs) have expanded the scope of endovascular abdominal aortic repair beyond the infrarenal aorta. Patients with prohibitively high surgical risk and visceral segment disease are often candidates for this intervention, which mitigates much of the morbidity and mortality associated with conventional open repair. Here we present the institutional PMEG experience of a high-volume aortic center.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the C8 root mimicking a schwannoma: illustrative case.

Background: Primary lymphomas arising in peripheral nerves are extremely rare, with just a few case reports documented in the literature.

Observations: The authors present the case of a 62-year-old female with C8 radiculopathy, initially suspected to have a schwannoma based on imaging but later diagnosed with primary C8 nerve root B-cell lymphoma. Following histopathological confirmation, the patient underwent 5 courses of chemotherapy, resulting in a decrease in the size of her lesion on magnetic resonance imaging.

Outcomes of carotid revascularization stratified by procedure in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <30 and dialysis patients.

Objective: Renal failure is a predictor of adverse outcomes in carotid revascularization. There has been debate regarding the benefit of revascularization in patients with severe chronic kidney disease or on dialysis.

Methods: Patients in the Vascular Quality Initiative undergoing transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR), transfemoral carotid artery stenting (tfCAS), or CEA between 2016 and 2023 with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <30 mL/min/1.

Associations Between Social Network Characteristics and Brain Structure Among Older Adults.

Introduction: Social connectedness is associated with slower cognitive decline among older adults. Recent research suggests that distinct aspects of social networks may have differential effects on cognitive resilience, but few studies analyze brain structure.

Methods: This study includes 117 cognitively impaired and 59 unimpaired older adults.

Sex and APOE ε4 carrier effects on atrophy, amyloid PET, and tau PET burden in early-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: We used sex and apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) carrier status as predictors of pathologic burden in early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD).

Methods: We included baseline data from 77 cognitively normal (CN), 230 EOAD, and 70 EO non-Alzheimer's disease (EOnonAD) participants from the Longitudinal Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS). We stratified each diagnostic group by males and females, then further subdivided each sex by APOE ε4 carrier status and compared imaging biomarkers in each stratification.

APOE ε4 is associated with earlier symptom onset in LOAD but later symptom onset in EOAD.

Background: We studied the effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status and sex on age of symptom onset (AO) in early- (EO) and late- (LO) onset Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Method: A total of 998 EOAD and 2562 LOAD participants from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) were included. We used analysis of variance to examine AO differences between sexes and APOE genotypes and the effect of APOE ε4, sex, and their interaction on AO in EOAD and LOAD, separately.

APOE ε4 carrier status and sex differentiate rates of cognitive decline in early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Background: We studied the effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status and sex on rates of cognitive decline in early- (EO) and late- (LO) onset Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Method: We ran mixed-effects models with longitudinal cognitive measures as dependent variables, and sex, APOE ε4 carrier status, and interaction terms as predictor variables in 998 EOAD and 2562 LOAD participants from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center.

Results: APOE ε4 carriers showed accelerated cognitive decline relative to non-carriers in both EOAD and LOAD, although the patterns of specific cognitive domains that were affected differed.

What kinds of social networks protect older adults' health during a pandemic? The tradeoff between preventing infection and promoting mental health.

When the coronavirus emerged in early 2020, older adults were at heightened risk of contracting the virus, and of suffering mental health consequences from the pandemic and from the precautions designed to mitigate it. In this paper, we examine how social networks to the pandemic helped to shape health beliefs, behaviors, and outcomes among older adults during its onset, focusing on (1) perceived risk of COVID-19, (2) preventative health behaviors, and (3) mental health, including loneliness, perceived stress, depression, and anxiety. Drawing on the longitudinal Social Networks in Alzheimer Disease study, we find that networks high in predict greater perceived risk and more precautions taken, but worse mental health.

Social Networks and Cognitive Function: An Evaluation of Social Bridging and Bonding Mechanisms.

Background And Objectives: Social connectedness has been linked prospectively to cognitive aging, but there is little agreement about the social mechanisms driving this relationship. This study evaluated 9 measures of social connectedness, focusing on 2 forms of social enrichment-access to an expansive and diverse set of loosely connected individuals (i.e.