Assessing river water quality for ecological risk in the context of a decaying river in India.

The decay of rivers and river water pollution are common problems worldwide. However, many works have been performed on decaying rivers in India, and the status of the water quality is still unknown in Jalangi River. To this end, the present study intends to examine the water quality of the Jalangi River to assess ecological status in both the spatial and seasonal dimensions.

Evaluation of groundwater quality by adopting a multivariate statistical approach and indexing of water quality in Sagar Island, West Bengal, India.

In the vicinity of the coast, predominantly groundwater is the sole reliable resource for potable purposes as the surface water sources are highly saline and unfit for human consumption. However, the groundwater in Sagar Island is highly vulnerable to saltwater intrusion. The majority of drinking water comes from government-owned hand pump-equipped tube wells.

Hypothermia and adverse outcomes during the transfer of extremely low birth weight infants.

Aim: We aimed to explore whether hypothermia during the transfer of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants was associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of transfers of ELBW infants by the London Neonatal Transfer Service between April 2015 and January 2017. Hypothermia was defined as an axillary temperature below 36.

Assessing lake water quality during COVID-19 era using geospatial techniques and artificial neural network model.

The present study evaluates the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the water quality of a tropical lake (East Kolkata Wetland or EKW, India) along with seasonal change using Landsat 8 and 9 images of the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud computing platform. The research focuses on detecting, monitoring, and predicting water quality in the EKW region using eight parameters-normalized suspended material index (NSMI), suspended particular matter (SPM), total phosphorus (TP), electrical conductivity (EC), chlorophyll-α, floating algae index (FAI), turbidity, Secchi disk depth (SDD), and two water quality indices such as Carlson tropic state index (CTSI) and entropy‑weighted water quality index (EWQI). The results demonstrate that SPM, turbidity, EC, TP, and SDD improved while the FAI and chlorophyll-α increased during the lockdown period due to the stagnation of water as well as a reduction in industrial and anthropogenic pollution.

Spatiotemporal dynamics of temperature and precipitation with reference to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: perspective from Indian subcontinent.

Abstract: This study exclusively focuses on spatial and temporal change of temperature and precipitation before and after COVID-19 lockdown and also examines the extent of their variation and the spatial relationship between them. Our main objective is to analyze the spatiotemporal changes of two climatic variables in Indian subcontinent for the period of 2015-2020. Monthly precipitation and temperature data are collected from NOAA and NASA for January to May month across the four zones (northeast, northwest, central, and peninsular zone) of India.

Newborn infants with bilious vomiting: a national audit of neonatal transport services.

Objective: The precautionary approach to urgently investigate infants with bilious vomiting has increased the numbers referred to transport teams and tertiary surgical centres. The aim of this national UK audit was to quantify referrals and determine the frequency of surgical diagnoses with the purpose to inform the consequent inclusion of these referrals in the national 'time-critical' data set.

Methods: A prospective, multicentre UK-wide audit was conducted between 1 August, 2015 and 31 October, 2015.

Comparison of Passive and Servo-Controlled Active Cooling for Infants with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy during Neonatal Transfers.

 The recent availability of servo-controlled cooling equipment on transport makes it possible to commence active cooling at the referral unit for infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. This study aimed to compare the temperature and transfer variables in passively and actively cooled babies.  This is a retrospective cohort study comparing two groups-passively cooled (July 2011 to August 2012) versus actively cooled group (September 2012 to June 2013), following introduction of active hypothermia using servo-controlled cooling mattress by the London Neonatal Transfer Service (NTS).

Outcomes of full-term infants with bilious vomiting: observational study of a retrieved cohort.

Unlabelled: Bilious vomiting in a neonate may be a sign of intestinal obstruction often resulting in transfer requests to surgical centres. The aim of this study was to assess the use of clinical findings at referral in predicting outcomes and to determine how often such patients have a time-critical surgical condition (eg, volvulus, where a delay in treatment is likely to compromise gut viability).

Methods: 4-year data and outcomes of all term newborns aged ≤7 days with bilious vomiting transferred by a regional transfer service were analysed.

Maternal plasma noradrenaline levels at 29 weeks and gestational age at birth.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between maternal plasma noradrenaline levels at a mean gestational age of 29 weeks and gestational age and weight at birth.

Design: Original research.

Sample: Seventy-four pregnant women with a mean gestational age of 29 weeks.

Pattern of relapses in pauci-bacillary leprosy patients treated with M.D.T. (W.H.O. 1982).

Out of 92 Pauci-bacillary leprosy patients treated with MDT (WHO 1982), two patients developed indisputable clinical signs of relapse during 10th and 26th month of observation period. Two more patients developed reversal reaction during 8th and 12th month of observation period, which we presume to be early manifestation of relapse. Addition of a more bactericidal drug, rifampicin, appear to have a bearing on the incidence of relapse, though not on it's incubation period.