Trace elements dyshomeostasis in liver and brain of weanling mice under altered dietary selenium conditions.

Background: A balanced diet containing selenium (Se) and other trace elements is essential for normal development and growth. Se has been recognized as an essential trace element; however, its interaction with other elements has not been fully investigated. In the present study, sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), Se and rubidium (Rb), were analysed in liver and brain regions under altered dietary Se intake in weanling mice to identify major discriminatory elements.

Lycopene enriched tomato extract suppresses chemically induced skin tumorigenesis in mice.

The present study revealed the effects of Lycopene enriched tomato extract (LycT) on chemically induced skin cancer in mice. Skin tumors were induced by topical application of 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) [500 nmol/100 ul of acetone, twice a week for two weeks] and 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) [1.7 nmol/100 ul of acetone, twice a week for eighteen weeks] and LycT (5 mg/kg b.

Altered dietary selenium influences brain iron content and behavioural outcomes.

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient that provides antioxidant defence through selenoproteins, but at high concentrations, deleterious effects have been reported. The present study examines the antioxidant response in brain regions and behavioural functions in mice under various dietary Se paradigms; Se-deficient, Se-adequate and Se-excess. Se levels were found to be reduced in the cortex and hippocampus of Se-deficient animals, whereas no change was observed in animals on Se-excess diet.

Quantum mechanical treatment of As-thiol model compounds: implication for the core structure of As(III)-metallothionein.

Exposure to inorganic arsenic (As) is one of the major health concerns in several regions around the world. Binding of As(III) with thiols is central to the mechanisms related to its toxicity, detoxification, and therapeutic effects. Due to its high thiol content, metallothionein (MT) is presumed to play an important role in case of arsenic toxicity.

Lycopene modulates cellular proliferation, glycolysis and hepatic ultrastructure during hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim: To investigate the effect of lycopene extracted from tomatoes (LycT) on ultrastructure, glycolytic enzymes, cell proliferation markers and hypoxia during N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis.

Methods: Female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: The Control, NDEA (200 mg NDEA/kg b.w.

Protective Effects of Zinc Against Acute Arsenic Toxicity by Regulating Antioxidant Defense System and Cumulative Metallothionein Expression.

Arsenic (As), a toxic metalloid, is one of the major global concerns. The toxicity resulting from As exposure is linked to the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates during their redox cycling and metabolic activation processes that cause lipid peroxidation (LPO). Zinc (Zn), a redox-inactive metal, helps to maintain cellular functions because of its prominent role in antioxidant network through multiple mechanisms.

Lycopene modulates initiation of N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatocarcinogenesis: studies on chromosomal abnormalities, membrane fluidity and antioxidant defense system.

Oxidative damage due to free radicals generated during nitrosamine metabolism has been suggested as one of the major cause for the initiation of hepatocarcinogenesis. Lycopene, is a well known antioxidant and have promising preventive potentials, however the mechanism of action remain hypothetical and unclear. To investigate the involvement of lycopene extracted from tomatoes (LycT) against oxidative stress induced deleterious effect of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) on cellular macromolecules, female Balb/c mice were divided in four groups: Control, NDEA (cumulative dose of 200mg NDEA/kg body weight injected intraperitoneally in 8 weeks), LycT (5mg/kg body weight given orally on alternate days, throughout the study) and LycT+NDEA (co-administration of LycT and NDEA).

Evaluating the effect of lycopene from Lycopersicum esculentum on apoptosis during NDEA induced hepatocarcinogenesis.

The present study was aimed to examine the influence of lycopene from tomatoes (LycT) on apoptosis in N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups i.e.

Spectroscopic characterization of lycopene extract from Lycopersicum esculentum (Tomato) and its evaluation as a chemopreventive agent against experimental hepatocarcinogenesis in mice.

The present study was designed to characterize the lycopene extract (LycT) prepared from tomatoes (Lycopersicum esculentum) and then to evaluate its chemopreventive efficacy in N-diethylnitrosamine (NDEA)-induced experimental hepatocarcinogenesis in female Balb/c mice. The extraction of lycopene was carried out using hexane/acetone/ethanol as an extracting medium and then characterized by ultraviolet-visible, nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Chemopreventive efficacy of characterized LycT in vivo was evaluated in terms of hepatic tumour incidence, multiplicity, burden, hepatosomatic index and animal survival rate.

Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antitumor activity of lantadene-A congeners.

Five new derivatives of the pentacyclic triterpenoid lantadene A (= 22beta-angeloyloxy-3-oxoolean-12-en-28-oic acid; 1) from the leaves of Lantana camara L. were synthesized, characterized, and screened for their cytotoxicities against four human cancer cell lines. The three most-potent compounds, i.