Corneal Characteristics of Myopic Malay School Children and Their Association with Axial Length.

Introduction: Corneal characteristics are unique to each eye and can vary among different levels of refractive errors. However, minimal data are available in the literature on corneal characteristics in myopic Malay school children including the difference between the low myopic group and the moderate myopic group. Therefore, this study aims to determine the corneal characteristics of myopic Malay school children and their associations with axial length.

Baseline Accommodation and Binocular Vision Measures in Malay Schoolchildren Enrolled in the Myopia Control Study Using Spectacle Lenses in Kuala Lumpur.

Myopia control lenses have been shown to modify visual function; however, it is arguable if these changes are short-term or long-term. We investigated the changes in accommodative behaviour and binocular vision functions of Malay myopic children who participated in a myopia control trial utilising spectacle lenses (n = 40). This article presents baseline accommodation and binocular vision measurements.

Peripheral Eye Length Evaluation in Myopic Children Undergoing Orthokeratology Treatment for 12 Months Using MRI.

Purpose: To investigate changes in peripheral eye length (PEL) in myopic children undergoing orthokeratology (Ortho-K) treatment for 12 months using MRI. The results were compared to single vision spectacle wearers (SVS).

Patients And Methods: A total of 70 children with myopia (aged 8-9 years old) were recruited.

Ocular dimensions by three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging in emmetropic versus myopic school children.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to investigate eye shapes; however, reports involving children are scarce. This study aimed to determine ocular dimensions, and their correlations with refractive error, using three-dimensional MRI in emmetropic versus myopic children.

Methods: Healthy school children aged < 10 years were invited to take part in this cross-sectional study.

Comparison of vision-related quality of life between wearing Orthokeratology lenses and spectacles in myopic children living in Kuala Lumpur.

Purpose: There are limited reports available on the impact of wearing Orthokeratology (ortho-K) lenses on the quality of life of Asian children. This study evaluated and compared vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) between myopic children wearing ortho-K lenses and single-vision spectacles (SVSs), living in Kuala Lumpur, using Paediatric Refractive Error Profile (PREP) questionnaires.

Methods: This is a cross sectional study.

Corneal endothelial morphology of healthy myopic Malaysian children of Chinese ethnicity aged 8-9 years and its association with axial length.

: This is a cross-sectional study to further understand the effects of axial length elongation on the corneal endothelial cell's morphology in myopic children. Abnormal changes in the morphology of corneal endothelium are indicators of corneal stress or instability which could be linked to myopia. 111 school children comprising of 37 emmetropes, 37 mild myopes and 37 moderate myopes aged 8-9 years old were recruited.

Ocular Dimensions, Refractive Error, and Body Stature in Young Chinese Children with Myopia in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Purpose: Eyeball shape varies with refraction and body stature. Nevertheless, there are few reports on three-dimensional measurements of eyeball shape in children. The aim of this cross-sectional observational study was to investigate the associations between three-dimensional measurements of ocular dimensions, refractive error, and body stature in young Chinese children with myopia in Kuala Lumpur.

Effect of Smoking on Tear Stability and Corneal Surface.

Purpose: To determine the effect of smoking on tear stability and ocular surface of the cornea among students aged between 19 and 25 years. This study also aimed to find a correlation between tear film stability with a score of McMonnies Dry Eye Questionnaire (MDEQ) and Ocular Surface Disease Index Questionnaire (OSDI).

Methods: This is a prospective, non-interventional, comparative study of 59 male (27 smokers and 32 non-smokers) undergraduates of a public university.

Refractive error, visual acuity, and corneal-curvature changes in high and low myopes with orthokeratology treatment: A Malaysian study.

Background/purpose: The effect of orthokeratology (OK) on low myopia is well known, but there are a few reports on its effect on high myopia. In this study, the parametric changes in high and low myopia as results of wearing OK lenses for a period of 6 months have been analyzed.

Methods: Records of schoolchildren (age 7-17 years) undergoing OK treatment from an optometry clinic were retrospectively reviewed.

Effects of wink glass on blink rate, nibut and ocular surface symptoms during visual display unit use.

Purpose/aim: Wink glass (WG), an invention to stimulate blinking at interval of 5 s was designed to reduce dry eye symptoms during visual display unit (VDU) use. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of WG on visual functions that include blink rate, ocular surface symptoms (OSS) and tear stability during VDU use.

Materials And Methods: A total of 26 young and asymptomatic subjects were instructed to read articles in Malay language with a computer for 20 min with WG whereby their blink rate, pre- and post-task tear break-up time, and OSS were recorded.

Anterior segment parameters in Indian young adults using the Pentacam.

To evaluate Pentacam-Scheimpflug imaging of anterior segment parameters in young Indian adults. In this prospective study 120 eyes of 60 normal Indian subjects with a mean age of 25.93 ± 6.

Anterior segment characteristics of keratoconus eyes in a sample of Asian population.

Purpose: To assess changes in anterior segment parameters of keratoconus eyes at different stages of the disease in a sample of the Asian population.

Methods: Files of 32 patients (48 eyes) diagnosed as clinical keratoconus were assessed and the following parameters noted: central corneal thickness (CCT), thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), location of thinnest pachymetry, anterior chamber depth (ACD) at the centre from posterior corneal surface, ACD at 1, 2 and 3mm inferior-paracentral, ACD at thinnest pachymetry, anterior chamber volume (ACV) and anterior chamber angle (ACA). For analysis, keratoconus eyes were classified into 3 subgroups according to mean keratometry readings (mild: K≤47.

Corneal thickness and volume in subclinical and clinical keratoconus.

To evaluate corneal thickness and volume in subclinical and clinical keratoconus in Asian population with the aim of discriminating between normal and ectatic cornea. Eyes were placed into one of the following three groups: normal, subclinical, and mild-moderate keratoconus. Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging (Oculus Inc.

Grading of tarsal conjunctiva of young adults in Malaysia.

Background: The monitoring and assessment of the upper tarsal conjunctiva can be enhanced by the use of a grading scale. The aim of this study was to categorise the appearance of normal tarsal conjunctiva among young adults in Malaysia using the Institute for Eye Research grading scale and to investigate inter- and intra-observer agreement.

Methods: The appearance of the upper tarsal conjunctiva of 416 non-contact lens wearing subjects aged between 19 to 24 years was assessed by two separate observers for roughness and redness in three separate zones using the Institute for Eye Research grading scale.

The resin-embedded cornea prepared via rapid processing protocol : a good histomorphometric target for clinical investigation in ophthalmology and optometry.

This study illustrates and quantifies the changes on corneal tissue between the paraffin-embedded and resin-embedded blocks and thus, selects a better target in investigational ophthalmology and optometry via light microscopy. Corneas of two cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were used in this study. The formalin-fixed cornea was prepared in paraffin block via the conventional tissue processing protocol (4-day protocol) and stained with haematoxylin and eosin.

Histomorphometric profile of the corneal response to short-term reverse-geometry orthokeratology lens wear in primate corneas: a pilot study.

Purpose: To investigate the histological changes in primate cornea induced by short-term overnight orthokeratology (OK).

Methods: Nine young adult primates were used. One animal served as negative control.

Visual and binocular status of Down syndrome children in Malaysia.

Background: Down syndrome is a common chromosomal anomaly. Few reported studies make reference to the ocular status in Asian children with Down syndrome. The purpose of this study was to determine the visual and binocular status of a sample of Down syndrome children in Malaysia.

Profile of a low vision clinic population.

BACKGROUND: Causes of low vision and types of low vision devices (LVDs) prescribed in other low vision clinics have been studied extensively. Similar studies have not been conducted in Malaysia. This paper reports the results of a retrospective study of 573 patients seen at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia-Malaysian Association for the Blind (UKM-MAB) low vision clinic in Kuala Lumpur.

Undercorrection of myopia enhances rather than inhibits myopia progression.

The effect of myopic defocus on myopia progression was assessed in a two-year prospective study on 94 myopes aged 9-14 years, randomly allocated to an undercorrected group or a fully corrected control group. The 47 experimental subjects were blurred by approximately +0.75 D (blurring VA to 6/12), while the controls were fully corrected.

Non-invasive tear break-up time in normal Malays.

Background: Tear stability in normal Malays with consideration of gender and age has not been reported. In this study, we measured tear stability in normal Malays using the non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT).

Methods: Forty-eight Malay subjects aged seven to 60 years were recruited from among the staff, their children and students of the faculty.