Efficient and Effective Diabetes Care in the Era of Digitalization and Hypercompetitive Research Culture: A Focused Review in the Western Pacific Region with Malaysia as a Case Study.

There are approximately 220 million (about 12% regional prevalence) adults living with diabetes mellitus (DM) with its related complications, and morbidity knowingly or unconsciously in the Western Pacific Region (WP). The estimated healthcare cost in the WP and Malaysia was 240 billion USD and 1.0 billion USD in 2021 and 2017, respectively, with unmeasurable suffering and loss of health quality and economic productivity.

Perioperative immunonutrition intervention on postoperative outcomes among gynecological cancer patients under enhanced recovery after surgery setting: A study protocol of explanatory mixed method study.

Background & Aims: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) has shown significant improvements in postoperative outcomes and a reduction in complications, while immunonutrition (IMN) has been shown to modulate the immune system and inflammatory response. However, many studies have overlooked the crucial aspects of nutrition status and patient perception within the intervention approach. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and explore patients' acceptance of the IMN intervention in postoperative outcomes among gynecological cancer (GC) patients under the ERAS framework.

Effect of perioperative immunonutrition intervention among gynecological cancer patients: A systematic review.

Background: Gynecologic cancer (GC) patients often experience systemic inflammation, malnutrition, and compromised postoperative outcomes. This systematic review aims to comprehensively synthesize existing data regarding the impact of perioperative immunonutrition (IMN) intervention on GC patients.

Methods: The databases of CENTRAL, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were used to conduct a literature search, supplemented by internet search engines and manual searches.

Effectiveness of Mediterranean Diet on Daytime Sleepiness among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Oman.

 Sleep disturbance is a major complaint among individuals with diabetes mellitus and may be augmented by dietary interventions. The objective of this randomized controlled trial was to determine the effectiveness of a Mediterranean diet intervention on daytime sleepiness among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Oman.  In total, 134 eligible individuals with T2DM (61 and 73 participants in the intervention and control groups, respectively) were recruited.

Association between dietary inflammatory index and body fat percentage among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients.

Background: Obesity, particularly excessive body fat, is an established risk factor and substantial prognostic determinant in breast cancer. Recent studies suggested that diet-related inflammation plays a key role in obesity. This study aimed to determine the association between energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) and body composition, particularly body fat percentage, among patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer.

Dietary Patterns Associated with Abnormal Glucose Tolerance following Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The MyNutritype Study.

Abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT), which includes type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes, is highly prevalent in women post gestational diabetes mellitus (post-GDM). Dietary patterns have been associated with the risk of developing AGT in women post-GDM, but evidence in Asian populations is sparse. This study aimed to determine the association between a posteriori dietary patterns and AGT in women post-GDM.

Practical guide in using insulin degludec/insulin aspart: A multidisciplinary approach in Malaysia.

Insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) co-formulation provides both basal and mealtime glycaemic control in a single injection. The glucose level-lowering efficacy of IDegAsp is reported to be superior or non-inferior to that of the currently available insulin therapies with a lower rate of overall hypoglycaemia and nocturnal hypoglycaemia. An expert panel from Malaysia aims to provide insights into the utilisation of IDegAsp across a broad range of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (i.

Molecular, Metabolic, and Nutritional Changes after Metabolic Surgery in Obese Diabetic Patients (MoMen): A Protocol for a Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Metabolic surgery is an essential option in the treatment of obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Despite its known advantages, this surgery still needs to be introduced in Malaysia. In this prospective study, the pathophysiological mechanisms at the molecular level will be studied and the metabolomics pathways of diabetes remission will be explored.

A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study to Evaluate Postprandial Glucometabolic Effects of Mulberry Leaf Extract, Vitamin D, Chromium, and Fiber in People with Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: Reducing postprandial (PP) hyperglycemia and PP glucose excursions is important for overall glycemic management. Although most therapeutic lifestyle interventions that reduce caloric intake would affect this, there is no particular nutritional intervention favored.

Methods: We evaluated the effects of a novel natural food adjuvant combining mulberry leaf extract (MLE) with other bioactive ingredients, in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) originating from Asia, on improving PP glucometabolic response in a randomized controlled exploratory crossover, two-center study (USA, Singapore).

A Logical Framework (MYGERYFS) for Hospital Foodservice to Prevent Malnutrition Among Geriatric Patients in Hospitals, Malaysia: Protocol for a Feasibility Study.

Background: Geriatric malnutrition in hospitals is common and can be affected by many things, including poor satisfaction toward hospital foodservice. Hospital foodservice plays an important role in a patient's recovery process by providing adequate nutrients. On top of that, patients' foodservice satisfaction can easily be afflicted by the quality of food served and the overall foodservice experience.

Maternal and Dietary Factors Are Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Women with a Previous History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

While it is known that women with a previous history of gestational diabetes mellitus (post-GDM) have a higher risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), evidence of lifestyle practices from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is still scarce. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with MetS in women post-GDM. This cross-sectional study involved 157 women post-GDM (mean age 34.

Postprandial Metabolome Following a Low Glycaemic Index Meal-Challenge Test: A Narrative Review.

The Identifying the dynamic metabolome of the individual in response to a particular stimulus using a metabolomic approach is an emerging research area. Measuring the postprandial metabolite response utilising a meal-challenge test (MCT) provides information beyond the fasting state, which is especially important since human beings spend most of their time in the postprandial state. This is pertinent as an excessive rise in postprandial glycaemia is common in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which puts them at a high risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Effects of structured Ramadan Nutrition Plan on glycemic control and variability using continuous glucose monitoring in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A pilot study.

Background And Aims: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been increasingly used in recent years to evaluate glycemic control and variability in individuals with diabetes observing Ramadan fasting. However, the effectiveness of the Ramadan Nutrition Plan (RNP) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) using CGM-derived measures has not been investigated. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of structured RNP versus standard care using CGM in individuals with T2D.

A Mobile Phone App for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes in Malaysian Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Over 50% of women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) will develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) in later life. Asian women experience a disproportionate risk of both GDM and T2D compared to women from other ethnic backgrounds. Lifestyle interventions and behavior change can delay or even prevent the onset of T2D.

Early pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain: A mediating or moderating factor for short stature and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus?

This study examined the association between height and the risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), and whether this association was mediated or moderated by early pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) that are known independent risk factors for GDM. Data of a retrospective cohort of pregnant women (N = 1,945) were extracted from antenatal clinic cards. The cut-off values of height in relation to risk of GDM were identified using receiver operating characteristic analysis and four categories of height were derived: < 150 cm, 150-155 cm, 156-160 cm, and > 160cm.

Application of Mediterranean Diet in Cardiovascular Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Motivations and Challenges.

Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of disability and death in many countries. Together with CVD, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for more than 80% of all premature non-communicable disease deaths. The protective effect of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on CVD and its risk factors, including T2DM, has been a constant topic of interest.

Impacts of a nutrition education intervention in individuals with cardiometabolic risk: Protocol of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Unhealthy dietary pattern including high dietary sugar intake is responsible for the cardiometabolic-related deaths. Nonetheless, adherence to the recommendation is low, and appropriate nutrition education to reduce sugar consumption is scarce.

Objective: This proposed project aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education module in modifying sugar consumption and other cardiometabolic risk (CMR)-related outcomes in individuals with CMR.

Effectiveness of education intervention to reduce sugar-sweetened beverages and 100% fruit juice in children and adolescents: a scoping review.

Objective: To determine the impact of educational intervention in reducing the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and 100% fruit juice in children and adolescents.

Design: We conducted a comprehensive Ovid Medline and Scopus search. Articles had to be peer-reviewed, full-text and published in English.

Food tolerance, nutritional status and health-related quality of life of patients with morbid obesity after bariatric surgery.

Background And Aims: Bariatric surgery has been proven to be the most effective weight loss treatment for patients with morbid obesity. However, the alteration in the anatomy of the gastrointestinal structure, food aversion, and non-compliance to recommended dietary advice after bariatric surgery may cause food intolerance, which may affect the nutritional status and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study aims to determine the effects of bariatric surgery on food tolerance, nutritional status, and HRQOL among patients with morbid obesity in Malaysia.

Early pregnancy hemoglobin is associated with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study.

This study aimed to determine the association between hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and Hb change, during early to mid-pregnancy with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This was a clinic-based retrospective cohort study of 1951 healthy pregnant women (18-45 years old) with a singleton gestation attending antenatal care at government health clinics. Hb concentration at first prenatal visit and each trimester was extracted from the antenatal cards.

High early pregnancy serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level, within a sub-optimal range, is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study.

Background/objectives: Low early pregnancy serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25[OH]D) levels can increase gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk, although inconsistent findings related to that association have been reported. This study examined the association of serum vitamin D with GDM and the possible influencers on this association.

Subjects/methods: This study included 259 pregnant women within the Seremban Cohort Study (SECOST).

Diabetes and Ramadan: Practical guidelines 2021.

Fasting during Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam and is obligatory for all healthy Muslims from the age of puberty. Though individuals with some illness and serious medical conditions, including some people with diabetes, can be exempted from fasting, many will fast anyway. It is of paramount importance that people with diabetes that fast are given the appropriate guidance and receive proper care.

Higher Animal Protein Intake During the Second Trimester of Pregnancy Is Associated With Risk of GDM.

This study aimed to examine the associations between the total protein intake as well as types and sources of proteins with the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk. This was a prospective cohort study of the pregnant women in Malaysia. In this study, the total, animal, and plant protein intakes were assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire.