The cardiovascular risk factor profiles among end-stage renal failure patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and intermittent hemodialysis.

Cardiovascular (CV) event is the most common cause of death in dialysis patients. Both traditional and nontraditional CV risk factors related to malnutrition, inflammation, and anemia are commonly found in this population. This study was conducted to evaluate the burden factors of CV risk factors and its management in our regularly dialyzed patients.

Metastatic neuroendocrine tumor of small cell type in a kidney transplant recipient.

Malignancy is a significant long-term complication of successful renal transplantation. Not only the rate is higher but also cases are highly aggressive. We report a case of metastatic, small cell, neuroendocrine tumor in a post-renal transplant patient with progressive left inguinal nodes and right lumbar swellings.

Clinical outcomes of acute kidney injury patients treated in a single-center, sub-urban satellite hospital.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common diagnosis among critically ill patients. Although the etiology of AKI will determine the appropriate initial management, the definitive management of established AKI is still debatable. This is a retrospective, observational, single-center analysis of a cohort of patients referred to the nephrology unit for AKI from 1st August 2010 to 31st January 2011.

Diagnostic yield of kidney biopsies performed in a suburban, satellite hospital.

Kidney biopsy is indicated to confirm the clinical diagnosis or to evaluate prognosis of a renal problem. It is a reliable and safe procedure, especially with real-time ultrasound guidance. This is a single-center, retrospective review of the biopsies performed in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Pahang from 2000 to 2010.

Randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy and safety of oral paricalcitol with oral calcitriol in dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Aim: The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of oral paricalcitol with oral calcitriol for treating secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Methods: We conducted the first multicenter open-labelled parallel group randomized controlled trial in 66 patients on dialysis. Patients were randomized to paricalcitol or calcitriol at a 3:1 dose ratio and adjusted to maintain intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level between 150-300 pg/mL, serum calcium ≤2.

A retrospective review of diabetic nephropathy patients during referral to the sub-urban nephrology clinic.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become the most common cause of end-stage renal failure. Early referral and specific nephrology treatment could delay the disease progression and should reduce the treatment cost, mortality and morbidity rate in these patients. This is a single-center, retrospective review of all DN patients referred to the nephrology clinic in Hospital Sultan Ahmad Shah, Temerloh, from 2000 to 2009, to study and define the clinical characteristics of DN patients at the time of the referral to the nephrology clinic.