Innovations in detecting skull fractures: A review of computer-aided techniques in CT imaging.

Background/introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a leading cause of disability and mortality, with skull fractures being a frequent and serious consequence. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of these fractures is crucial, yet current manual methods via cranial CT scans are time-consuming and prone to error.

Methods: This review paper focuses on the evolution of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems for detecting skull fractures in TBI patients.

Interprofessional Comparisons in Patient Safety Culture at a Teaching Hospital Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges with its impact on patient safety culture and staff well-being. This study was to identify potential changes in safety culture among health care workers from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to determine the differences across occupational groups. The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) was administered electronically in both English and Malay languages using the Google Forms platform in 2018 and was repeated in 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Factors which Influence the Frequency of Cognitive Assessment in the Emergency Department.

Background: The practice of safe emergency medicine requires accurate and adequate assessments. However, screening for cognitive deficits is not performed regularly in the emergency department (ED). This study aimed to determine factors influencing the frequency of cognitive testing by ED doctors.

Development of the modified safety attitude questionnaire for the medical imaging department.

Introduction: Medical errors commonly occur in medical imaging departments. These errors are frequently influenced by patient safety culture. This study aimed to develop a suitable patient safety culture assessment tool for medical imaging departments.

Associated Factors of In-hospital Mortality among Intubated Older Adults in Emergency Department; a Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: A decision-making guideline on when to intubate an older person based on predictors of intubation outcome would be extremely beneficial. This study aimed to identify the associated factors that could predict the outcomes of endotracheal intubation among older adults in the Emergency Department (ED).

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, patients aged ≥65 years intubated at the ED of University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, from 2015 to 2019 were studied.

Quality Improvement Report: Safety Program for Prevention of Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infections.

The increasing usage of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in medical imaging departments has led to a corresponding increase in cases of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). However, this condition is preventable with proper monitoring and use of aseptic techniques. A Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program (CUSP) is a quality improvement (QI) measure implemented by health care institutions to reduce the incidence of CLABSI.

Interdisciplinary differences in patient safety culture within a teaching hospital in Southeast Asia.

Background: Patient safety represents a global issue which leads to potentially avoidable morbidity and mortality. The healthcare providers perception and their role are utmost important in delivering quality care and patient safety. This study aimed to determine the interdisciplinary differences in patient safety culture in a tertiary university hospital.

Workplace Bullying Among Junior Doctors in Malaysia: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Research suggests that junior doctors often experience workplace bullying, which may have adverse impacts on medical training and delivery of quality healthcare. However, evidence among local population has not been established. The present study aims to examine the prevalence of workplace bullying among Malaysian junior doctors and explore its associated sociodemographic and employment factors.

Individual antecedents of workplace victimisation: The role of negative affect, personality and self-esteem in junior doctors' exposure to bullying at work.

Previous studies have indicated that junior doctors commonly experience workplace bullying and that it may adversely impact medical training and delivery of quality healthcare. Yet, evidence on the precursors of bullying among them remains elusive. Drawing on the individual-disposition hypothesis, the present paper examined the relationships of negative affect, personality and self-esteem with workplace bullying among junior doctors.

Knowledge and attitude towards identification of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis among emergency personnel in tertiary teaching hospital.

Introduction: An emergency department (ED) is often the first point of medical contact for sepsis patient, which plays an important role in early identification and management of high-risk septic patients. The present study was aim to evaluate emergency personnel's knowledge and attitude toward identification and management of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary teaching hospital and recruited all emergency personnel.

Predictors of functional outcome in patients with stroke thrombolysis in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia.

Introduction: Intravenous (IV) thrombolysis with alteplase (rt-PA) is effective in ischaemic stroke. The primary objective was to evaluate predictors of functional outcome in acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) patients treated with IV rt-PA. The secondary objective was to assess the outcome with the modified Rankin scale (mRS).

Individually-tailored multifactorial intervention to reduce falls in the Malaysian Falls Assessment and Intervention Trial (MyFAIT): A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of an individually-tailored multifactorial intervention in reducing falls among at risk older adult fallers in a multi-ethnic, middle-income nation in South-East Asia.

Design: Pragmatic, randomized-controlled trial.

Setting: Emergency room, medical outpatient and primary care clinic in a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Ten-year mortality in older patients attending the emergency department after a fall.

Aim: To determine the dependency scores, long-term mortality and factors associated with mortality in older people presenting to the emergency department (ED) with a fall.

Methods: Information on sociodemographics, dependency using the Barthel index and fall characteristics were collected from consecutive patients attending the ED over a 6-month period. Barthel score was reassessed at 12 months.

Utilization of the emergency department by older residents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Aim: To determine the pattern of utilization of emergency department (ED) services by older patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, compared with younger patients in the same setting.

Methods: The sociodemographics, clinical characteristics and resource utilization of consecutive patients attending the adult ED at the University Malaya Medical Center were recorded during a typical week.

Results: A total of 1649 patients were included in the study; 422/1649 (25.

Value of Shock Index in prognosticating the short-term outcome of death for patients presenting with severe sepsis and septic shock in the emergency department.

Introduction: The importance of early recognition and treatment of sepsis and its effects on short-term survival outcome have long been recognized. Having reliable indicators and markers that would help prognosticate the survival of these patients is invaluable and would subsequently assist in the course of effective dynamic triaging and goal directed management.

Study Objectives: To determine the prognosticative value of Shock Index (SI), taken upon arrival to the emergency department and after 2 hours of resuscitation on the shortterm outcome of severe sepsis and septic shock patients.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation : the short comings in Malaysia.

This short review explores the current status of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in Malaysia and highlights some of the factors that have a negative impact on its rate of success. Absence of a unifying body such as a national resuscitation council results in non-uniformity in the practice and teaching of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In the out-of-hospital setting, there is the lack of basic skills and knowledge in performing bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation as well as using an automated external defibrillator among the Malaysian public.

Medical Standby: An Experience at the 4(th) National Youth Camping and Motivation Program Organized by Maksak Malaysia.

Medical standby is the provision of emergency medical care and first aid for participants and/or spectators in a pre-planned event. This article describes the framework and the demographics of a medical standby at the 4(th) National Youth Camping and Motivation Program in Pasir Puteh, Kelantan from 30(th) July until the 3(rd) August 2004. The framework of the medical team is described based on the work process of any medical stand by.