Ligand Assisted Co(II)-Catalyzed Multicomponent Synthesis of Substituted Pyrroles and Pyridines.

Herein, we describe a sustainable Co(II)-catalyzed synthesis of pyrroles and pyridines. Using a Co(II)-catalyst [CoII2(La)2Cl2] (1a) bearing redox-active 2-(phenyldiazenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline) (La) scaffold, various substituted pyrroles and pyridines were synthesized in good yields, taking alcohol as one of the primary feedstock. Pyrroles were synthesized by the equimolar reaction of 2-amino and secondary alcohols.

Targeted nanoparticle delivery unleashes synergistic photothermal and immunotherapeutic effects against hepatocellular carcinoma.

The substantial mortality and morbidity of hepatocellular carcinoma, representing 90% of liver cancers, poses a significant health burden. The effectiveness of traditional hepatocellular carcinoma treatments such as surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy is limited, underscoring the need for innovative therapeutic strategies. To this end, we synthesized phthalyl-pullulan nanoparticles encapsulating IR780 (an NIR-responsive heptamethine cyanine dye) and R848 (resiquimod; a TLR7/8 agonist) (PIR NPs).

Identification of Salmonella enterica biovars Gallinarum and Pullorum and their antibiotic resistance pattern in integrated crop-livestock farms and poultry meats.

Due to consumer demand, many conventional poultry farms are now growing poultry without antibiotics or synthetic chemicals. In addition to this, pasture/organic poultry farms have increased significantly in the USA, and they are also antibiotic- and chemical-free. According to recent reports, both antibiotic-free conventional and pasture poultry farmers are facing the re-emergence of bacterial diseases.

Enhanced two-photon absorption in hydrothermally synthesized LaOTe nanorods for visible light photodetection.

In the present study, lanthanum oxytellurate (LOT) samples with varying La : Te ratios are successfully synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method that has enormous advantages. The prepared samples crystallize in a LaOTe composite phase with an orthorhombic crystal system. A nanorod-like morphology is observed for each sample, and the presence of constituent elements is verified from EDX results.

Plasma proteomics for novel biomarker discovery in childhood tuberculosis.

Failure to rapidly diagnose tuberculosis disease (TB) and initiate treatment is a driving factor of TB as a leading cause of death in children. Current TB diagnostic assays have poor performance in children, and identifying novel non-sputum-based TB biomarkers to improve pediatric TB diagnosis is a global priority. We sought to develop a plasma biosignature for TB by probing the plasma proteome of 511 children stratified by TB diagnostic classification and HIV status from sites in four low- and middle-income countries, using high-throughput data-independent acquisition mass-spectrometry (DIA-PASEF-MS).

Modular functionalization of cellular nanodiscs enables targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics into tumors.

The effective delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to tumor sites is critical for cancer treatment and remains a significant challenge. The advent of nanomedicine has provided additional avenues for altering the in vivo distribution of drug payloads and increasing tumor localization. More recently, cell-derived nanoparticles, with their biocompatibility and unique biointerfacing properties, have demonstrated considerable utility for drug delivery applications.

Operational Distal Shoe Appliance for Harmonious Occlusion: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: Preserving deciduous teeth till their natural exfoliation is important to maintain arch length in different dentition periods. Premature loss of primary teeth may cause discrepancy in arch length due to drifting of teeth and supraeruption of the opposite teeth, thereby hindering the development of a harmonious, functionally and esthetically acceptable dentition. This article describes the fabrication and clinical application of a modified functional distal shoe appliance used due to pathological obliteration of the primary/deciduous mandibular second molar prior to the eruption of the permanent mandibular first molar.

A systematic review of energy storing dynamic response foot for prosthetic rehabilitation.

The purpose of this paper is to undertake a systematic review on various mechanical design considerations, simulation and optimization techniques as well as the clinical applications of energy storing and return (ESAR) prosthetic feet used in amputee rehabilitation. Methodological databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS were searched till July 2022, and the retrieved records were evaluated for relevance. The design, mechanism, materials used, mechanical and simulation techniques and clinical applications of ESAR foot used in developed and developing nations were reviewed.

Efficacy of probiotics as adjuvant therapy in bronchial asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Asthma is a chronic, heterogeneous disease characterized by airway inflammation. Asthma exacerbations significantly increase the disease burden, necessitating new therapeutic approaches. Emerging evidence suggests probiotics, through the gut-lung axis, may benefit asthma management by modulating immune responses and reducing inflammation.

Transforming Hospital Housekeeping: The Kayakalp Journey.

Introduction: The Kayakalp guidelines for public healthcare facilities under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission) focus on improving sanitation, cleanliness, and infection control at public hospitals in India. This study was conducted in a 960-bed tertiary-level teaching hospital in eastern India. Housekeeping has been a challenge in public institutions, with factors like overcrowding and resource constraints.

Alpha-synuclein expression in neurons modulates Japanese encephalitis virus infection.

Unlabelled: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) stands as a prominent vector-borne zoonotic pathogen, displaying neurotropism and eliciting Parkinson's disease (PD)-like symptoms among most symptomatic survivors. A characteristic feature of PD is the aggregation of mutated α-synuclein (α-syn) that damages the dopaminergic neurons. Considering this link between JEV-induced PD-like symptoms and α-syn pathogenesis, we explored the role of α-syn in JEV infectivity in neuronal cells.

Comprehensive evaluation of bone health among kidney transplant recipients - A prospective, single center, observational cohort study from India.

Background: There is a paucity of studies describing trabecular bone score (TBS) and bone mineral density (BMD) in kidney transplant (KT) recipients from developing countries.

Study Setting: This prospective observational study, from a tertiary teaching hospital in India assessed clinical, biochemical parameters including bone turnover markers and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for BMD/TBS, hip structural analysis (HSA) and vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) at pre-KT, 3 months and 12 months post-KT.

Results: A total of 53 KT recipients (90.

Learning medical sociology through an innovative 'Elective study module' integrating humanities with medicine for undergraduate students of a medical college in Bengaluru, India.

Background The newly introduced 'Elective programme', a voluntary special study module in the final phase of the undergraduate medical curriculum, offers scope for new immersive, self-directed learning opportunities. We describe a programme of study for learning 'medical sociology' through the innovative use of humanities in medicine. Methods Our elective module, called 'Community Health and Rock Music' (CHaRM), was a 2-week programme, merging the curricular subject of community health with 'rock music' as an exposure to the 'counter-culture' outside of the medical world.

Granulomatous panuveitis following prolonged silicone oil tamponade - A Clinicopathological study.

An enucleated specimen of a silicone oil-filled globe, showing migration of oil globules into the intraretinal, choroidal, and ciliary body areas, surrounded by multinucleated giant cells suggestive of panuveitis on histopathological evaluation, was reported.

Functional Space Maintainer with Bilateral Early Loss of Primary Maxillary First Molars: NAFC.

Unlabelled: The primary dentition plays a very important role not only in the child's growth and development but also in the guidance and eruption of permanent teeth. Premature loss of a deciduous tooth or a group of teeth will lead to a wide range of implications in the permanent dentition. The best way to avoid these problems is to preserve the primary teeth in the arch until their normal time of exfoliation.

Dr. Ignaz Phillip Semmelweis: The Unrecognized Pioneer of Aseptic Practices.

Modern medicine is well-versed in aseptic and infection control practices, such as hand hygiene, proper use of disinfectants, and personal protective equipment. The early 1800s lacked any concept of effective antisepsis because they predominantly believed in the miasma theory (now abandoned), which believed that disease was caused by bad air coming out of rotting organic matter. In the era of "miasma theory," Ignaz Semmelweis dared to pave the way for germ theory disease.

Guardians of Oral Health: Antioxidants as Promising Allies in Periodontal Wellness.

Periodontitis, a prevalent chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of teeth, is closely associated with oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species generation and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Antioxidants have garnered significant attention as potential therapeutic agents in periodontal management due to their ability to counteract oxidative damage and inflammation. This brief review provides an overview of the role of antioxidants in periodontitis, highlighting recent developments.

Prevalence and Management of Early Childhood Caries in Preschoolers.

Background: " (ECC)" is a prevalent and serious oral health issue affecting preschool-aged children globally, with adverse effects on their overall health and well-being.

Objective: This center-based research designed to investigate the prevalence and management of ECC among preschoolers within a specific setting and evaluate associated factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional research design was employed, involving 300 preschoolers aged 3 to 5 years.

CBCT Assessment of Effectiveness of ProTaper Next and WaveOne file Systems on Remaining Dentin Thickness.

Introduction: Obturation of the canal space, efficient disinfection, and thorough canal debridement are essential components of endodontic therapy success. A crucial first step is biomechanical preparation.

Objectives: This study set out to assess various file systems' cleaning efficacy in terms of the thickness of dentin that remained after cleaning.

Inorganic Nanomedicine-Mediated Ferroptosis: A Synergistic Approach to Combined Cancer Therapies and Immunotherapy.

Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has generated substantial interest in cancer therapy. Various methods have been developed to induce ferroptosis in tumor cells, including approved drugs, experimental compounds, and nanomedicine formulations. Unlike apoptosis, ferroptosis presents unique molecular and cellular features, representing a promising approach for cancers resistant to conventional treatments.

Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm after bone biopsy managed with endovascular coil embolisation.

Bone marrow biopsy (BMB) is a routinely performed procedure, with the preferred site being the posterior superior iliac crest. Uncommonly, it may be complicated by haemorrhagic complications, especially in patients with coagulopathy. Here, we present a case of pelvic haematoma following a BMB due to the injury of the right internal iliac artery.