Floating electrode-dielectric barrier discharge-based plasma promotes skin regeneration in a full-thickness skin defect mouse model.

Wound healing involves a complex and dynamic interplay among various cell types, cytokines, and growth factors. Macrophages and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) play an essential role in different phases of wound healing. Cold atmospheric plasma has a wide range of applications in the treatment of chronic wounds.

Epigenetic regulation of the nuclear genome associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial hereditary disease in which visual loss affects complex 1 activity of the electron transport chain of mitochondria. It first manifests as painless dulling or blurry in one or even both eyes, and as it develops, sharpness and color perception are lost. In addition to primary mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, there are also other environmental and epigenetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of LHON.

Retinal Changes in Parkinson's Disease: A Non-invasive Biomarker for Early Diagnosis.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is caused due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) which leads to the depletion of dopamine in the body. The lack of dopamine is mainly due to aggregation of misfolded α-synuclein which causes motor impairment in PD. Dopamine is also required for normal retinal function and the light-dark vision cycle.

Advantages of mesenchymal stem cell over the other stem cells.

A stem cell is a particular group of cells that has the extraordinary potential to convert within the body into particular cell types. They are used to regenerate tissues and cells in the body that have been damaged or destroyed by the disease. Stem cells come in three different varieties: adult stem cells, embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).

Concurrent Assessment of Oxidative Stress and MT-ATP6 Gene Profiling to Facilitate Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Tamil Nadu Population.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disability that causes social impairment, debilitated verbal or nonverbal conversation, and restricted/repeated behavior. Recent research reveals that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress might play a pivotal role in ASD condition. The goal of this case-control study was to investigate oxidative stress and related alterations in ASD patients.

miRNA in Parkinson's disease: From pathogenesis to theranostic approaches.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age associated neurological disorder which is specified by cardinal motor symptoms such as tremor, stiffness, bradykinesia, postural instability, and non-motor symptoms. Dopaminergic neurons degradation in substantia nigra region and aggregation of αSyn are the classic signs of molecular defects noticed in PD pathogenesis. The discovery of microRNAs (miRNA) predicted to have a pivotal part in various processes regarding regularizing the cellular functions.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON): a potential therapeutic approach for future.

Background: Optic neuropathy has become a new typical syndromic multi-system disease that leads to optic atrophy. This review discusses potential treatments and advances of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), a sporadic genetic disorder. LHON is caused due to slight mutations in mitochondria leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, causing vision loss.

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy: Current approaches and future perspectives on Mesenchymal stem cell-mediated rescue.

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON) is an inherited optic nerve disorder. It is a mitochondrially inherited disease due to point mutation in the MT-ND1, MT-ND4, and MT-ND6 genes of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) coding for complex I subunit proteins. These mutations affect the assembly of the mitochondrial complex I and hence the electron transport chain leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage.

Dysfunction in Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Complex I, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Activity, and Mutations in ND1 and ND4 Gene in Autism Spectrum Disorder Subjects from Tamil Nadu Population, India.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by impaired social interaction and behavioural abnormalities. Growing evidence proved that impairment in mitochondrial functions could inhibit energy production and may contribute to the onset of ASD. Genetic variants in the genes of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) could interrupt the normal energy metabolism and production in the brain which lead to a wide range of structural and functional changes in the brain resulting in ASD.

Mucormycosis: An opportunistic pathogen during COVID-19.

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) still remains on an upsurge trend. The second wave of this disease has led to panic in many countries, including India and some parts of the world suffering from the third wave. As there are no proper treatment options or remedies available for this deadly infection, supportive care equipment's such as oxygen cylinders, ventilators and heavy use of steroids play a vital role in the management of COVID-19.

Environmental survival of SARS-CoV-2 - A solid waste perspective.

The advent of COVID-19 has kept the whole world on their toes. Countries are maximizing their efforts to combat the virus and to minimize the infection. Since infectious microorganisms may be transmitted by variety of routes, respiratory and facial protection is required for those that are usually transmitted via droplets/aerosols.

Role of RhoA-ROCK signaling in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex and widespread neurodegenerative disease characterized by depletion of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Key issues are the development of therapies that can stop or reverse the disease progression, identification of dependable biomarkers, and better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of PD. RhoA-ROCK signals appear to have an important role in PD symptoms, making it a possible approach for PD treatment strategies.

Anisotine and amarogentin as promising inhibitory candidates against SARS-CoV-2 proteins: a computational investigation.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), presents an unprecedented challenge to global public health with researchers striving to find a possible therapeutic candidate that could limit the spread of the virus. In this context, the present study employed an molecular interaction-based approach to estimate the inhibitory potential of the phytochemicals from ethnomedicinally relevant Indian plants including , and , with reported antiviral activities against crucial SARS-CoV-2 proteins. SARS-CoV-2 proteins associated with host attachment and viral replication namely, spike protein, main protease enzyme M and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) are promising druggable targets for COVID-19 therapeutic research.

Oxidative stress and mitochondrial transfer: A new dimension towards ocular diseases.

Ocular cells like, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a highly specialized pigmented monolayer of post-mitotic cells, which is located in the posterior segment of the eye between neuro sensory retina and vascular choroid. It functions as a selective barrier and nourishes retinal visual cells. As a result of high-level oxygen consumption of retinal cells, RPE cells are vulnerable to chronic oxidative stress and an increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from mitochondria.

The role of Interleukin-4 in COVID-19 associated male infertility - A hypothesis.

COVID-19 is a present-day complex pandemic infection with unpredictable levels of morbidity and mortality in various global populations. COVID-19 is associated with the different comorbidities with its change in biological function such as causing heart dysfunction via deregulating ACE-2 receptor, gastrointestinal risk via causing vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain, chronic kidney disease via proteinuria and hematuria, diabetes mellitus, liver injury via increasing ALT, AST and bilirubin level, lung injury, CNS risk, ocular risk, and cancer risk. In this, we are focused on the COVID-19 connected with male infertility.

Biosurfactants and anti-inflammatory activity: A potential new approach towards COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has grown to be global public health emergency. The biosurfactants (BSs) are surface-active biomolecules with unique properties and wide applications. Several microbes synthesize secondary metabolites with surface-active properties, which have a wide range of anti-inflammatory and anti-viral roles.

Immunomodulatory effect of mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem-cell-derived exosomes for COVID-19 treatment.

The world has witnessed unimaginable damage from the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Because the pandemic is growing rapidly, it is important to consider diverse treatment options to effectively treat people worldwide. Since the immune system is at the hub of the infection, it is essential to regulate the dynamic balance in order to prevent the overexaggerated immune responses that subsequently result in multiorgan damage.

COVID-19 and olfactory dysfunction: A possible associative approach towards neurodegenerative diseases.

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the agent of novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), has kept the globe in disquiets due to its severe life-threatening conditions. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, sore throat, and shortness of breath. According to the anecdotal reports from the health care workers, it has been suggested that the virus could reach the brain and can cause anosmia, hyposmia, hypogeusia, and hypopsia.

COVID-19: an update on diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

The unexpected pandemic set off by the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has caused severe panic among people worldwide. COVID-19 has created havoc, and scientists and physicians are urged to test the efficiency and safety of drugs used to treat this disease. In such a pandemic situation, various steps have been taken by the government to control and prevent the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2).

COVID-19: A promising cure for the global panic.

The novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2, which is the causative agent of a potentially fatal disease that is of great global public health concern. The outbreak of COVID-19 is wreaking havoc worldwide due to inadequate risk assessment regarding the urgency of the situation. The COVID-19 pandemic has entered a dangerous new phase.

Understanding the Role of the Transcription Factor Sp1 in Ovarian Cancer: from Theory to Practice.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the deadliest cancers among women contributing to high risk of mortality, mainly owing to delayed detection. There is no specific biomarker for its detection in early stages. However, recent findings show that over-expression of specificity protein 1 (Sp1) is involved in many OC cases.

Unraveling correlative roles of dopamine transporter (DAT) and Parkin in Parkinson's disease (PD) - A road to discovery?

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder accompanied by depletion of dopamine(DA) and loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in the brain that is believed to be responsible for the motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. Dopamine Transporter (DAT) is essential for reuptake of DA into the presynaptic terminal, thereby controlling the availability and spatial activity of released DA. Parkin interacts with proteins involved in the endosomal pathway, suggesting that presynaptic Parkin could regulate the expression of DAT in the plasma membrane.

Does retina play a role in Parkinson's Disease?

Visual disorder is one of the non-motor symptoms found in Parkinson's disease (PD). It can be easily identified in the early stages even before the spread of pathological conditions to the brain parts. Studies have revealed that loss of dopamine (DA) cells in retinal layers is a prime cause for both retinal disturbance and pathological conditions of PD.

mTOR signalling pathway - A root cause for idiopathic autism?

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental monogenic disorder with a strong genetic influence. Idiopathic autism could be defined as a type of autism that does not have a specific causative agent. Among signalling cascades, mTOR signalling pathway plays a pivotal role not only in cell cycle, but also in protein synthesis and regulation of brain homeostasis in ASD patients.