360° display of 3D objects by cylindrical holography.

Cylindrical computer-generated holography (CCGH) has garnered significant attention due to its ability to offer a 360° viewing zone. However, generating a CCGH capable of reconstructing multiple realistic three-dimensional (3D) objects is still a challenge under the constraints of limited computational resources. In this Letter, we introduce a novel, to the best of our knowledge, CCGH generation algorithm that can reconstruct 3D objects within a 360° viewing zone under limited computational resources.

An exact analysis of the temperature control of optical waveguides.

In this paper we present an exact analysis of the variation with temperature of the effective index of an arbitrary optical waveguide. Our results allow the design of temperature compensated devices using only a single parameter calculated at one temperature avoiding the need to perform an analysis over a range of temperatures. We derive expressions for both weakly and strongly guiding waveguides.

Effects of indoor biophilic environments on cognitive function in elderly patients with diabetes: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The prevalence of cognitive impairment in elderly diabetic patients is increasing, highlighting the importance of exploring strategies to prevent and ameliorate cognitive impairment in this population. Previous studies have focused mostly on improving cognition in elderly diabetic patients through three methods: medication, cognitive training, and lifestyle intervention. However, few studies have investigated the role of indoor biophilic environments in improving cognition.

Identification of Maize Kernel Varieties Using LF-NMR Combined with Image Data: An Explainable Approach Based on Machine Learning.

The precise identification of maize kernel varieties is essential for germplasm resource management, genetic diversity conservation, and the optimization of agricultural production. To address the need for rapid and non-destructive variety identification, this study developed a novel interpretable machine learning approach that integrates low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) with morphological image features through an optimized support vector machine (SVM) framework. First, LF-NMR signals were obtained from eleven maize kernel varieties, and ten key features were extracted from the transverse relaxation decay curves.

A novel multiple plant-based milk alternative containing various preprocessed grains achieves better performance in protein digestibility and free amino acid profile via in vitro gastrointestinal digestion analysis.

Plant-based milk alternatives are sustainable, hypoallergenic, and nutrient-rich, but challenges related to their lower bioavailability compared with animal-based milk still exist. In this study, we developed a multiple plant-based milk alternative using germinated soybeans and fermented cereals, and compared the protein digestible behaviors with commercial soy and bovine milk via in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. The multiple plant-based milk alternative possessed a higher level of essential amino acids and amino acid scores than the soy milk and a smaller percentage of low-molecular-weight peptides than the bovine milk.

Machine learning algorithms able to predict the prognosis of gastric cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated significant survival benefits in some patients diagnosed with gastric cancer (GC), existing prognostic markers are not universally applicable to all patients with advanced GC.

Aim: To investigate biomarkers that predict prognosis in GC patients treated with ICIs and develop accurate predictive models.

Methods: Data from 273 patients diagnosed with GC and distant metastasis, who un-derwent ≥ 1 cycle(s) of ICIs therapy were included in this study.

Fabrication of superior flame-retardant phosphorylated chitosan biobased porous composites reinforced by superhydrophobic silicone interpenetrating crosslinking networks.

Chitosan-based porous materials have potential to develop into a new generation of high performance sustainable thermal insulation materials. In this study, hydrophobic and enhanced phosphorylated porous materials (PCSM) were constructed by the in-situ crosslinking of methytrimethoxylsilane (MTMS), and modified SiO nanoparticles (H-SiO) were further incorporated into the crosslinking networks to fabricate superhydrophobic and reinforced PCSM-H-SiO porous composites. The morphology of PCSM-H-SiO porous materials exhibited special micro-nanoscale "pearl string-like" rough and interpenetrating pore wall structure, which endowed them superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning ability.

Quality improvement of unfiltered holography by optimizing high diffraction orders with fill factor.

Computer-generated holography (CGH) suffers from high diffraction orders (HDOs) due to the pixelated nature of spatial light modulators (SLMs), typically requiring bulky optical filtering systems. To address this issue, a novel unfiltered holography approach known as the high-order gradient descent (HOGD) algorithm was previously introduced to optimize HDOs without optical filtering, enabling compact holographic displays. However, this algorithm overlooks a crucial physical parameter of SLMs-the fill factor-leading to limited optical quality.

Low cross-talk optical addressing of trapped-ion qubits using a novel integrated photonic chip.

Individual optical addressing in chains of trapped atomic ions requires the generation of many small, closely spaced beams with low cross-talk. Furthermore, implementing parallel operations necessitates phase, frequency, and amplitude control of each individual beam. Here, we present a scalable method for achieving all of these capabilities using a high-performance integrated photonic chip coupled to a network of optical fibre components.

Construction and improvement strategies of an age-friendly evaluation system for public spaces in affordable housing communities: a case study of Shenzhen.

Characterized by early construction periods, as the concentration of low-income populations and a high level of aging, affordable housing communities face prominent challenges such as incongruence between age-friendly construction and the needs of the older adult population. It is urgent to provide pathways and tools for identifying age-friendly issues and optimizing the built environment. The systematic evaluation of age-friendly communities serves as the foundation for implementing intervention measures by developers.

Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha and synthetic RORα agonist against invasion and metastasis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα), an essential tumor suppressor in a range of human malignancies, is classified as a member of the orphan nuclear receptor family. The most prevalent form of oral cancer, tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is characterized by its severe malignancy and unfavorable prognosis. However, the extent to which its tumorigenesis mechanisms are associated with RORα expression levels is still not fully understood.

Comparison of progestin-primed ovarian stimulation regimen and antagonist regimen in women aged 35 years or older with diminished ovarian reserve: A propensity score-matched study.

Objective: Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) has been a major challenge in infertility treatment. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) regimen and antagonist regimen in infertile patients aged 35 years or older with DOR.

Methods: A retrospective study of 289 in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles from April 2016 to June 2022 was performed.

Predictive effect of triglyceride-glucose index on No-Reflow Phenomenon in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objective: Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is considered as a new alternative marker of insulin resistance and a clinical predictor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with coronary artery disease. However, the prognostic value of TyG index on No-Reflow (NR) Phenomenon in T2DM patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 1683 patients with T2DM and AMI underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were consecutively included between January 2014 and December 2019.

Bone formation in large/moderate gap after immediate implantation in response to different treatments: a pre-clinical study in the canine posterior mandible.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate different treatments on new bone formation around immediate implants in the canine posterior mandible with varying sized mesial-distal gap.

Materials And Methods: The 4th premolar and the 1st molar of six Labrador dogs were extracted from the mandible, and 4 dental implants were placed 1 mm below the level of the buccal bone crest. Moderate/large mesial-distal gaps between the implants and the sockets were treated with one of four methods and divided into the following groups: (1) the blank group, (2) the collagen membrane (CM) group, (3) the deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) group, and (4) the DBBM + CM group.

Assessment of the osteogenic effect after maxillary sinus floor elevation and simultaneous implantation with or without bone grafts by analyzing trabecular bone parameters: a retrospective study.

Objective: The aim of this population-based retrospective study was to compare the osteogenic effect of newly formed bone after maxillary sinus floor elevation (MSFE) and simultaneous implantation with or without bone grafts by quantitatively analyzing trabecular bone parameters.

Methodology: A total of 100 patients with missing posterior maxillary teeth who required MSFE and implantation were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: the non-graft group (n=50) and the graft group (n=50).

Action Sequence Learning Is Impaired in Genetically Modified Mice with the Suppressed GABAergic Transmission from the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus to the Thalamus.

The thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) is a thin sheet of GABAergic neurons surrounding the thalamus, and it regulates the activity of thalamic relay neurons. The TRN has been reported to be involved in sensory gating, attentional regulation, and some other functions. However, little is known about the contribution of the TRN to sequence learning.

Integrating multifunctional highly efficient flame-retardant coatings with superhydrophobicity, antibacterial property on cotton fabric.

There has been a growing interest in bio-based flame-retardant coating layer with good antibacterial activity for cotton fabric owing to the arising environmental pollution and viral and bacterial infectious risks. In this study, multifunctional flame-retardant coatings with superhydrophobicity and antibacterial property were integrated on cotton fabric through two-step method. The first layer of phosphorylated chitosan (PCS) biobased coating (C4) endowed the fabric highly efficient flame retardancy and antibacterial activity, and the second layer of modified poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate phosphate ester) (PHEMAP) coating by perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (P/F) provided the fabric excellent superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning ability.

Designing nanohesives for rapid, universal, and robust hydrogel adhesion.

Nanoparticles-based glues have recently been shown with substantial potential for hydrogel adhesion. Nevertheless, the transformative advance in hydrogel-based application places great challenges on the rapidity, robustness, and universality of achieving hydrogel adhesion, which are rarely accommodated by existing nanoparticles-based glues. Herein, we design a type of nanohesives based on the modulation of hydrogel mechanics and the surface chemical activation of nanoparticles.

In vivo recording of suprachiasmatic nucleus dynamics reveals a dominant role of arginine vasopressin neurons in circadian pacesetting.

The central circadian clock of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a network consisting of various types of neurons and glial cells. Individual cells have the autonomous molecular machinery of a cellular clock, but their intrinsic periods vary considerably. Here, we show that arginine vasopressin (AVP) neurons set the ensemble period of the SCN network in vivo to control the circadian behavior rhythm.

Two-step diffraction method for an optical 360 cylindrical holographic display.

We present a two-step diffraction method for an optical 360 cylindrical holographic display with a planar spatial light modulator (SLM) and a 45 conical mirror. The first step involves layered diffraction of the cylindrical object surface to obtain the complex amplitude distribution on the conical mirror, and the second step is the coordinate transformation, followed by plane-to-plane diffraction to finally obtain the hologram. Numerical simulations and optical experiments show that our proposed method offers improved accuracy in the propagation process compared with the previous method; furthermore, it enables better quality of reconstruction, particularly at large radius of object surface.

Chemoselective Transformations of Amides: An Approach to Quinolones from β-Amido Ynones.

An efficient and chemoselective transformation of β-amido ynones to 3-acyl-substituted quinolones and 3-H-quinolones has been developed. In this reaction, β-cyclic amido ynones can be selectively transformed into quinolones in anhydrous EG via a selective C═O bond cleavage, 1,5-O migration, and C═C bond recombination process. The practical approach of this reaction renders it a viable alternative for the construction of various quinolones.

Effects of school indoor visual environment on children's health outcomes: A systematic review.

Children's visual perceptions are critical for their comfort and health. This review explores the impacts of school indoor visual environment on children's health outcomes. A systematic search yielded 5704 articles, of which 32 studies were reviewed.

Nomogram for predicting the risk of preterm birth in women undergoing in vitro fertilization cycles.

Background: The aim of this study was to develop a nomogram for predicting the risk of preterm birth in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles.

Methods: A retrospective study of 4266 live birth cycles collected from January 2016 to October 2021 at the Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University was performed. The sample size was sufficient based on the minimal ten events per variable (EPV) rule.

The Association Between Self-Reported Household Renovation and Semen Parameters Among Infertile Men: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Previous studies have indicated that outdoor air pollution has a negative impact on semen quality; however, few studies have examined whether living in a recently renovated residence is one of the factors influencing semen parameters. We aimed to examine the association between household renovation and semen parameters among infertile men. Our study was conducted at the Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University (Changchun, China) from July 2018 to April 2020.

Highly Efficient Flame-Retardant and Enhanced PVA-Based Composite Aerogels through Interpenetrating Cross-Linking Networks.

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (P)/alginate (A)/MMT (M) (PAM) composite aerogels was modified through interpenetrating cross-linking of methyltriethoxysilane (Ms) or γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (K) and calcium ion (Ca) as a cross-linking agent, respectively. The compressive moduli of the cross-linked PAM/MsCa and PAM/KCa aerogels greatly increased to 17.4 and 22.