Challenges of fracture risk assessment in Asian and Black women.

Objectives: Bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk calculators (eg, the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool [FRAX]) guide primary prevention care in postmenopausal women. BMD scores use non-Hispanic White (NHW) reference data for T-score classification, whereas FRAX incorporates BMD, clinical risk factors, and population differences when calculating risk. This study compares findings among Asian, Black, and NHW women who underwent osteoporosis screening in a US health care system.

Bone Mineral Density in Older U.S. Filipino, Chinese, Japanese, and White Women.

Background/objectives: Bone mineral density (BMD) reference data exist for U.S. White, Black, and Hispanic (Mexican American) populations but not for U.

Unilateral vocal cord paralysis causes contralateral false-positive positron emission tomography scans of the larynx.

Positron emission tomography (PET) is used in the management of head and neck cancers. It identifies tissue with increased metabolic activity and is not specific for malignancy. A false-positive PET scan of the larynx is associated with vocal cord paralysis.

FDG uptake in brown adipose tissue mimicking an adrenal metastasis: source of false-positive interpretation.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) uptake of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) poses a significant challenge to positron emission tomography interpretation. BAT is not only localized to the supraclavicular areas, but is also seen in the neck, mediastinum, axillae, costovertebral junctions, and retrocrural and periadrenal regions. We illustrate a case of typical supraclavicular BAT uptake in association with a discrete right adrenal region focus.

Detection of recurrent cervical cancer by whole-body FDG PET scan in asymptomatic and symptomatic women.

Objective: To determine the ability of whole-body [(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scan to detect recurrent cervical carcinoma in both symptomatic and asymptomatic women.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 44 women previously treated for cervical cancer who underwent 47 posttreatment whole-body FDG PET scans in an attempt to detect recurrent disease. Twenty-six scans were performed in asymptomatic women, whereas 21 scans were performed in women with symptoms suggestive of recurrence.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma: evaluation with CT, MR imaging, and PET.

Imaging plays an essential role in the evaluation of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Computed tomography is the primary imaging modality used for the diagnosis and staging of MPM. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and, more recently, positron emission tomography (PET) have emerged as modalities that can provide additional important diagnostic and prognostic information to help further delineate the extent of disease, especially in surgical candidates.

Dual-modality imaging of cancer with SPECT/CT.

Dual-modality imaging is an in vivo diagnostic technique that obtains structural and functional information directly from patient studies in a way that cannot be achieved with separate imaging systems alone. Dual-modality imaging systems are configured by combining computed tomography (CT) with radionuclide imaging (using positron emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)) on a single gantry which allows both functional and structural imaging to be performed during a single imaging session without having the patient leave the imaging system. A SPECT/CT system developed at UCSF is being used in a study to determine if dual-modality imaging offers advantages for assessment of patients with prostate cancer using (111)In-ProstaScint, a radiolabeled antibody for the prostate-specific membrane antigen.